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141.
Xianpeng Yin Hao Dong Shiqiang Wang Yun Liang Ning Gao Wanlin Zhang Li Tian Fuwei Sun Guangtao Li 《中国化学快报》2019,30(1):179-182
Creating hotspots with significantly enhanced electromagnetic(EF) field, efficiently placing target molecules in hotspot region, and achieving uniform and reproducible Raman signals are three critical issues for developing high-performance SERS substrates. In this work, large area gold nanoparticle cluster pillar array with a gold mirror at bottom was facilely fabricated by combined use of nanosphere lithography and self-assembly approach. It is both theoretically and experimentally found that through multiple coupling interactions, the electromagnetic fields at interparticle gaps within the gold clusters were significantly enhanced in our three-dimentional(3D) pillar array substrates, which can result in one order of magnitude stronger as compared with random gold clusters on a two-dimentional planar case.Due to the periodic stucture, our substrates also possess the capbility of producing highly uniform and reproducible SERS signals. Attractively, in our case, a photoresponsive polymer was used for the formation of pillar array structure. Its unique photoinduced deformation makes it possible to reversibly open and close the gaps of the closely packed Au NP array, thus enabling efficient placement or entrapment of probe molecules into hotspot sites between adjacent nanoparticles. 相似文献
142.
以聚苯乙烯（PS）小球为模板,采用金属辅助刻蚀和湿法化学刻蚀技术,制备大面积冠状硅柱阵列,再原位生长银纳米粒子后得到银覆盖冠状硅柱阵列（Ag/SiCPA）基底。实验表明,制备的基底具有优良的表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）特性,电磁增强因子达到1.81×106。同时,将制备的罗丹明分子（R6G）标记的DNA发卡探针与基底链接,在与miRNA-106a互补杂交后进行SERS信号检测,获得相应的剂量-响应曲线。结果表明,基于（Ag/SiCPA）基底的SERS特性,开展miRNA-106a的检测,具有特异性好和灵敏度高的优势,检测范围为1fmol·L-1~100pmol·L-1,检测极限为0.917fmol·L-1。此外,与实时荧光定量多聚核苷酸链式反应（RT-qPCR）方法相比,不仅检测结果一致,而且基于SERS光谱技术的检测方法具有更高的灵敏度。 相似文献
143.
为了实现X波段超宽角扫描,提出一种新型的紧耦合阵列天线单元设计,并结合等效电路分析优化天线参数。采用集成式Marchand巴伦馈电,可以实现偶极子与巴伦共基板印刷,进而减小天线的重量与成本。阵列口径上方加载垂直寄生覆层及水平单层电介质板,两者共同作用以改善宽角扫描时阻抗变换。仿真结果表明该天线可实现X波段（8～12 GHz）E面80°、H面70°的扫描角,且有源驻波比小于3。该天线结构简单紧凑,易于加工制作。 相似文献
144.
All crystals reported to date have been 3D lattice arrays of atoms, ions, or molecules. Here, however, it is reported that a prismatic crystal of cholic acid (CA) is a dislocation‐helix array composed of 1D dislocation helices with a pitch of 13.4 µm. In the cross‐section of the array, there are two vectors, with lengths of 51.1 and 31.5 Å, which correspond to the inter‐dislocation‐helix distances. In the array, the dislocation helices, whose interhelix distances are the vectors, diffract the incident X‐ray beam and produce diffracted beams that fall on the 2D detector to form diffraction spots, which compose a 2D lattice in all the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction patterns of the prismatic crystal of CA. More interestingly, along the helices in the array, the CA molecules, whose intermolecular distance is the pitch of the helix, diffract visible light; and, in a laser confocal scanning microscopy image of the crystal, one right‐handed double‐stranded diffraction helix (which is caused by visible‐light diffraction) is visible around the center line of the prismatic crystal. From what is known, this is the first report of visible‐light diffraction by a crystal. 相似文献
145.
Haowei Zhang Junwei Xie Jiaang Ge Zhaojian Zhang Binfeng Zong 《European Journal of Operational Research》2019,272(3):868-878
A phased array radar (PAR) is used to detect new targets and update the information of those detected targets. Generally, a large number of tasks need to be performed by a single PAR in a finite time horizon. In order to utilize the limited time and the energy resources, it is necessary to provide an efficient task scheduling algorithm. However, the existing radar task scheduling algorithms can't be utilized to release the full potential of the PAR, because of those disadvantages such as full PAR task structure ignored, only good performance in one aspect considered and just heuristic or the meta-heuristic method utilized. Aiming at above issues, an optimization model for the PAR task scheduling and a hybrid adaptively genetic (HAGA) algorithm are proposed. The model considers the full PAR task structure and integrates multiple principles of task scheduling, so that multi-aspect performance can be guaranteed. The HAGA incorporates the improved GA to explore better solutions while using the heuristic task interleaving algorithm to utilize wait intervals to interleave subtasks and calculate fitness values of individuals in efficient manners. Furthermore, the efficiency and the effectiveness of the HAGA are both improved by adopting chaotic sequences for the population initialization, the elite reservation and the mixed ranking selection, as well as designing the adaptive crossover and the adaptive mutation operators. The simulation results demonstrate that the HAGA possesses merits of global exploration, faster convergence, and robustness compared with three state-of-art algorithms—adaptive GA, hybrid GA and highest priority and earliest deadline first heuristic (HPEDF) algorithm. 相似文献
146.
为解决信源在较低信噪比情况下的测向分辨率问题,提出阵列可扩展的声矢量锥形阵测向算法。算法基于四阶累积量的阵列扩展和高斯噪声抑制特性,计算声矢量传声器不同输出分量的四阶累积量,使其在三维方向上扩展与原阵型结构相同的虚拟阵,从而构造包含角度信息的旋转不变矩阵进行测向。推导给出了算法的克拉美罗界,理论分析了算法性能受信噪比、采样快拍以及入射声源俯仰角的影响。仿真实验验证了该算法较常规声矢量阵ESPRIT算法有更优的噪声抑制能力及更高分辨的DOA估计性能。 相似文献
147.
随着医疗诊断需求的增加,生物分子检测技术越来越受到人们的重视,液相生物芯片技术作为一种高通量,多通道的分子检测手段在近几年得到了飞速发展。通过层层自组装方法制备以微片为载体的拉曼光谱编码液相生物芯片,并利用自行搭建的一套高灵敏度、高分辨率的光学系统,实现对液相生物芯片的定性与定量分析。光学系统由拉曼光谱检测系统与荧光显微成像系统耦合而成。在拉曼光谱检测系统中激光器发射出785nm波长的激光,通过二向色镜,带反反射镜与物镜汇聚到样品上,样品产生的拉曼散射光,经物镜,带反反射镜,二向色镜与拉曼滤波片,最后通过凹透镜聚焦到光谱仪的狭缝上,光谱仪色散实现在线阵CCD上拉曼光谱的获取。荧光显微成像系统应用光学成像原理,通过调节凹透镜与405nm的激发光之间的距离,使激发光通过物镜均匀的照射到样品之上,样品激发出的荧光,通过物镜,带反反射镜,二向色镜,滤波片与相应的凹透镜,最后成像到面阵CCD上。改进传统便携式拉曼光谱检测系统光路并选用相应波段的带反反射镜与焦距20倍的物镜完成拉曼光谱检测系统与荧光显微成像系统的耦合。为了减少两路系统之间的相互影响选用合适的二向色镜以及滤波片,在提高耦合系统获取数据的准确性中有着重要的作用。该系统通过对反应之后的液相生物芯片进行拉曼光谱检测,以完成对每个编码玻片的定性识别,即解码;同时激发反应后液相生物芯片的荧光并采集荧光强度图,根据每个解码玻片上的荧光强度值完成对目标检测物的定量分析。区别于传统荧光编码液相生物芯片,拉曼光谱编码具有稳定性更强,光谱分辨率更高等优点。该光学系统集拉曼光谱检测系统与荧光显微成像系统于一体,解决了目前未有基于拉曼编码的液相生物芯片的检测系统的问题,并且可同时对多种目标物进行识别和定量分析,提升了实验结果的准确性。
148.
The present study focused on the different acute toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles(TiO2 NPs) towards the bacteria in suspension culture and adherent culture under the dark conditions. The study investigated the bacteria toxicity with TiO2 NPs at different concentrations(1—2000 mg/L), sizes(10 nm, 35 nm) and specific surface areas in unit volume solution(0—224 m2/L) characterized by the cell viability, extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) release and biofilm formation. The bacteria in adherent culture was found to be more resistant against the toxicity of TiO2 NPs compared to that in suspension culture. An NP dose and surface area dependent(rather than the size) bacterial viability was observed in suspension culture, specifically the surface area positively correlated with the toxicity of TiO2 NPs. The size of TiO2 NPs, however, played a more critical role in toxicity of TiO2 NPs in adherent culture. Therefore, the surface area dependent toxicity of TiO2 NPs is a comprehensive parameter describing the dose and size dependent toxicity of TiO2 NPs. The electron microscopic(SEM, TEM, EDX) observations suggested the EPS release and biofilm formation, during aggregation of TiO2 NPs on the bacteria after 12 h cultivation in adherent culture under the dark condition. A possible toxic mechanism could be that “effective surface areas” that directly contact with the bacterial membrane greatly contributed to the toxicity of TiO2 NPs in both suspension culture and adherent culture. Therefore, as for the possible resistance mechanism, EPS secretion and subsequent biofilm formation may protect the bacteria against the toxicity of TiO2 NPs. 相似文献
149.
Dr. Xiangyan Shi Chinmayi Prasanna Dr. Toshio Nagashima Dr. Toshio Yamazaki Prof. Konstantin Pervushin Prof. Lars Nordenskiöld 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(31):9734-9738
Eukaryotic chromatin structure and dynamics play key roles in genomic regulation. In the current study, the secondary structure and intramolecular dynamics of human histone H4 (hH4) in the nucleosome core particle (NCP) and in a nucleosome array are determined by solid‐state NMR (SSNMR). Secondary structure elements are successfully localized in the hH4 in the NCP precipitated with Mg2+. In particular, dynamics on nanosecond to microsecond and microsecond to millisecond timescales are elucidated, revealing diverse internal motions in the hH4 protein. Relatively higher flexibility is observed for residues participating in the regulation of chromatin mobility and DNA accessibility. Furthermore, our study reveals that hH4 in the nucleosome array adopts the same structure and show similar internal dynamics as that in the NCP assembly while exhibiting relatively restricted motions in several regions consisting of residues in the N‐terminus, Loop 1, and the α3 helix region. 相似文献
150.
双定性是根据样品的保留时间和吸收光谱的特征峰进行复合定性的一种新方法。该文基于自行设计及组装的二极管阵列检测器,构建了一套液相色谱-二极管阵列检测系统。采用该色谱系统分别对6种中药饮片中的非法添加物金胺O和枣仁天麻胶囊中的有效成分五味子醇甲进行了分离及定性研究。结果显示,在蒲黄饮片和枣仁天麻胶囊样品色谱图中均存在与目标检测物保留时间接近的色谱峰,进一步通过吸收光谱的特征峰比对,均排除了目标物存在的可能。应用结果证明,基于保留时间/吸收光谱的双定性原则,可以有效排除样品中杂质的干扰,避免假阳性结果,为中药组分研究提供了参考方法。 相似文献