New Calix[4]arene‐Cored Peripherally Functionalized Dendrimers: Synthesis and Conformational Characteristics

New calixarene‐based dendrimers, containing calix[4]arene as the core and different generations of Fréchet‐type poly(benzyl ether) dendrons as building blocks, which possess either Br‐atoms or COO^tBu groups at their surface were synthesized and presented herein for the first time. The new calix[4]arene‐cored dendritic macromolecules were fully characterized and found to prefer strictly the cone conformation.     

2-羟丙基-β-环糊精与二茂铁衍生物超分子胶束通过氧化还原响应控制药物释放

合成了新型的具有长链的二茂铁衍生物(P-Fc),并将其包络在2-羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP-β-CD)的空腔中,自组装形成超分子囊泡,并通过FTIR、1 HNMR、SEM和CV曲线对其进行结构形貌表征;分别以罗丹明6G(R6G)、盐酸阿霉素(DOX)作为药物,实现了R6G、DOX在囊泡中的成功装载。并通过加入氧化剂,将二茂铁氧化成二茂铁盐,将囊泡破坏,实现了 R6G 和 DOX 的快速定向释放,其药物装载量分别为6.89和39.06μg/mg,最大释放率分别为73.7%和88.2%。     

超分子水凝胶作为胰岛素缓释体系的研究

利用α-环糊精(α-CD)与含有聚乙二醇(PEG)链段的聚合物Pluronic F127的超分子作用制备水凝胶.该物理交联水凝胶的交联点包括α-CD与PEG链包合物堆积形成的微晶区和聚合物疏水链段聚集区.优化水凝胶组分,得到具有较低固含量和较短凝胶化时间的体系用于胰岛素的负载和释放研究.通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描显微镜(SEM)对水凝胶结构进行表征.通过紫外分光光度计监测胰岛素的释放过程,结果表明,水凝胶释药时间约为65 h,且释放曲线较为平缓.细胞毒性实验结果表明该水凝胶材料对细胞生长无明显抑制作用.小鼠体内释药实验结果表明该水凝胶载体对延长胰岛素的释药时间有一定效果,可作为多肽类药物的缓释体系.     

Redox-responsive supramolecular nanoparticles based on amphiphilic sulfonatocalixarene and selenocystamine dihydrochloride

A supramolecular nanoparticle was fabricated based on the aggregation of amphiphilic p-sulfonatocalixarene induced by selenocystamine dihydrochloride (Se-Cys). Owing to the property of Se-Cys, the nanoparticles showed the redox-responsive disassembly behaviors with the addition of H2O2 and GSH     

Self-assembly and morphological characterization of two-component functional amyloid proteins

Functional amyloid has been increasingly applied as self-assembling nanostructures to construct multifunctional biomaterials. However, little has been known how different side domains, varied fusion positions and subunits affect self-assembly and morphologies of amyloid fibrils. Here, we constructed three groups of two-component amyloid proteins based on CsgA, the major protein components of Escherichia coli biofilms, to bridge these gaps. We showed that all fusion proteins have amyloid features, as indicated by Congo red assay. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) indeed reveals that these fusion proteins are able to self-assemble into fibrils, with an average diameter of 0.5-2 nm and length of hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers. The diameter of fibrils increases with the increase of the molecular weight of fusion domains, while the dynamic assembly of recombinant proteins was delayed as a result of the introduction of fusion domains. Moreover, fusion of the same functional domains but at intermediate position seems to cause the most interference on fibril assembly compared with those fused at C or Nterminus, as mainly short and irregular fibrils were detected. This phenomenon appears more pronounced for randomly coiled mussel foot proteins (Mfps) than for rigid chitin-binding domain (CBD). Finally, increase of the molecular weight of tandem repeats in protein monomer seemed to increase the fibril diameter of the resultant fibrils, but either reduction of the tandem repeats of CsgA to one single belta-sheet loop or increase in the number of tandem repeats of CsgAs from one to four produced shorter and intermittent fibrils compared with CsgA control protein. These studies therefore provide insights into self-assembly of two-component amyloid proteins and lay the foundation for rational design of multifunctional molecular biomaterials.     

光响应超分子聚合物

超分子聚合物是超分子化学、高分子化学和材料化学领域的研究热点.将光响应的功能基团以非共价作用构筑到超分子聚合物体系中,得到光响应型超分子聚合物,从而能够将超分子聚合物的独特性质与光化学反应的优势有效地结合起来,从而构筑新型的光功能材料.本文总结了近年来本课题组有关光响应超分子聚合物方面的研究工作:介绍了主链型的光响应超分子聚合物的光调控组装和解离,超分子聚合物和共价聚合物的光控可逆切换和光调控组装形貌;另外还举例介绍了具有自修复和室温磷光发射等功能的侧链型光响应超分子聚合物,并对刺激-响应的超分子聚合物领域的发展做了展望.     

基于铕取代多金属氧簇的手性发光液晶材料

The incorporation of europium-substituted polyoxometalate (PM) into chiral amphiphiles is attractive for the fabrication of multifunctional chiral luminescent liquid crystalline materials. Chiral amphiphiles acted as good promoters to trigger the achiral PM to show induced supramolecular chirality through electrostatic interactions, as illustrated by circular dichroism (CD) spectra. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the organic/inorganic hybrid polyoxometalate complex exhibited thermotropic mesomorphic behaviors. In a cast film, the complex displayed intrinsic luminescence that could be adjusted by accurately controlling the temperature. The electrostatic encapsulation of PM with chiral mesomorphic promoters provides an effective method for constructing PM-based chiral luminescent liquid crystalline materials.     

含氟高分子基因载体

阳离子高分子被广泛应用为非病毒类基因载体,但这类高分子材料的转染效率与细胞毒性之间通常存在"恶性"关联,即获得高转染效率时往往会伴随严重的细胞毒性.如何制备兼具高效、低毒特点的高分子载体是成功实施基因治疗的关键.含氟高分子是一类具有独特理化性质的高分子,能够在低电荷密度条件下与核酸形成稳定的复合物,从而实现高效、低毒的基因转染.含氟功能基团可帮助阳离子高分子改善复合物稳定性、细胞内吞、内涵体逃逸、胞内核酸释放等多个环节,从而赋予了含氟高分子在基因递送过程中的氟效应.该专论系统地总结了含氟高分子基因载体的研究,介绍了含氟高分子的基因递送性能、作用机理以及在基因治疗、基因编辑中的应用,并对含氟高分子载体的未来发展进行了展望.     

席夫碱Cu(Ⅱ)络合物的超分子螺旋手性及其手性光谱

本文通过不同的手性二胺(pn=1,2-丙二胺、chxn=1,2-环己二胺、dpen=1,2-二苯基乙二胺)与脱氢乙酸(dha)缩合,获得了N_2O_2型手性席夫碱配体(dha-en),进而合成了相应的三对手性席夫碱Cu(Ⅱ)络合物([Cu(dha-R/S-pn)](1a和1b)、[Cu(dha-R,R/S,S-chxn)](2a和2b)、[Cu(dha-R,R/S,S-dpen)](3a和3b),对其进行的固体和溶液电子圆二色(ECD)及溶液振动圆二色(VCD)光谱测试表明,这些化合物在固体和溶液状态下的金属中心的主要配位模式和绝对构型基本一致。此外,通过单晶结构分析发现:对于络合物2a/2b以及3a/3b,中心金属Cu(Ⅱ)除了与手性dha-en四齿配位外,还与相邻分子内酯环上的羰基发生弱的轴向配位形成一维超分子螺旋链,即实现了配位键构筑的席夫碱络合物的手性超分子自组装。本文对两对手性络合物2a/2b以及3a/3b的手性结构基元及其与超分子螺旋之间的关系进行了讨论。将本文所获实验VCD光谱数据与文献报道的相关数据进行比对分析,可以相互印证,并呈现一定的绝对构型关联规律且具有手性配位立体化学结构的指纹特征。     

基于HLA和VEGA的海基靶场半实物视景仿真系统研究

为了在导弹试验任务中给指挥员提供决策支持,设计了一种基于HLA和VEGA的海基靶场半实物视景仿真系统。将三轴飞行转台、目标模拟器、负载模拟器等实物接入仿真系统,采用高层体系结构规范构建仿真系统的联邦架构,设计了联邦对象模型,建立了关键联邦成员的数学模型,解决了反射内存网与HLA的时间推进冲突问题,有效提高了仿真系统数据传输的实时性。采用Multigen-Creator软件建立了各个仿真实体的3D模型,利用Vega软件实现模型的渲染、场景驱动、声音仿真等。通过系统测试,结果表明：该视景仿真系统能够实时驱动各个仿真实体运行,视景画面流畅,图像刷新速率达到30帧/秒以上,满足系统实时性要求。