Growth of epitaxial TmFeCuO4 thin films by pulsed laser deposition

Epitaxial thin films of TmFeCuO₄ with a two-dimensional triangular lattice structure were successfully grown on yttria-stabilized-zirconia substrates by pulsed laser deposition and ex situ annealing in air. The films as-deposited below 500 °C showed no TmFeCuO₄ phase and the subsequent annealing resulted in the decomposition of film components. On the other hand, as-grown films deposited at 800 °C showed an amorphous nature. Thermal annealing converted the amorphous films into highly (0 0 1)-oriented epitaxial films. The results of scanning electron microscopic analysis suggest that the crystal growth process during thermal annealing is dominated by the regrowth of non-uniformly shaped islands to the distinct uniform islands of hexagonal base.     

Impact of amorphous Ge thin layer at the amorphous Si/Al interface on Al-induced crystallization

We investigated the impact of an amorphous Ge (a-Ge) thin layer inserted at the amorphous Si (a-Si)/Al interface on Al-induced crystallization. In situ observation of the growth process clarified that the nucleation rate is drastically reduced by insertion of a-Ge, which led to increase in the average size of crystal grains. This was interpreted as resulting from decrease in the driving force of crystallization, mainly due to the larger solubility of Ge in Al than that of Si in Al. The obtained films were SiGe alloys with lateral distribution of Ge content, and its origin is discussed based on the two-step nucleation process.     

Preparation and physical properties of (PVA)0.75(NH4Br)0.25(H2SO4)xM solid acid membrane

In this work, solid acid membrane consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), ammonium bromide (NH₄Br) and sulfuric acid (SA) has been prepared by a solution casting technique method. X-ray diffraction of the (PVA)_0.75(NH₄Br)_0.25(H₂SO₄)_xM polymer matrix and pure (PVA)_0.75(NH₄Br)_0.25 revealed the difference in crystallinity between them. The effect of different amounts of SA on the conductivity of the polymer electrolytes was studied. The ionic conductivity of the prepared electrolytes can reach 3.1 × 10⁻² S cm⁻¹ at room temperature. The conductivity measurements carried out at different temperatures indicate that all the films follow Arrhenius behavior and that the activation energy decreases with the increase in SA concentration. The a.c. conductivity seems to follow the universal power law.     

纳米二氧化钛富集-分光光度法测定水体中痕量5-磺基水杨酸

采用纳米TiO2化学吸附法富集水样中痕量5-磺基水杨酸。5-磺基水杨酸含有酚羟基(OH)和羧基(COOH)可与TiO2表面上的羟基(OH)发生酯化反应,形成稳定的六元环结构。纳米TiO2对5-磺基水杨酸的吸附量≤18.47mg/g,在pH2.5、吸附时间20min、吸附剂用量1.80g/L的条件下,纳米TiO2对试样中5-磺基水杨酸的吸附率达到99.0%,以5mL2mol/L NaOH为洗脱液,洗脱率达99.8%,对试样中5-磺基水杨酸的富集倍数达50倍,检出限(3σ,n=11)为26.7μg/L。本法操作简便,直接用于九龙江和海水中痕量5-磺基水杨酸的测定,结果准确,回收率达到95.5%～98.5%。     

固相萃取-液相色谱串联质谱法测定城市污水中他莫昔芬和来曲唑

他莫昔芬和来曲唑常用于治疗雌激素依赖型乳腺癌。本研究建立了城市污水中他莫昔芬和来曲唑的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)联用检测方法。水样通过Oasis HLB固相萃取柱富集后串联氨基柱,先用6 mL甲醇洗脱,再用3 mL甲醇洗脱氨基柱,合并洗脱液后浓缩。使用ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18反相柱,流动相为0.1%甲酸-乙腈,在梯度条件下分离;目标分析物使用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱进行测定。本方法对他莫昔芬和来曲唑的线性范围分别是1.0～100μg/L和0.1～100μg/L,相关系数R2>0.997,检出限分别为1.0和0.1 ng/L,进水和出水的3个不同水平的加标平均回收率为68.8%～103.0%,相对标准偏差小于15%。本方法可用于城市污水中相关物质的分析。     

间接抑制免疫分析法测定水溶液中痕量磺胺甲噁唑

将分子印迹技术与表面等离子体共振技术联用,建立了一种新型间接抑制免疫分析法,并用于磺胺甲唑的测定.采用管内原位聚合的方法,在长30 cm,内径0.25 mm的毛细管内制备了磺胺甲唑印迹聚合物涂层.涂层厚度由扫描电子显微镜测得为198 nm.在BIAcore 3000生物传感器上自动进行检测.涂层毛细管用于免疫检测前的在线固相萃取和预富集.磺胺甲唑单克隆抗体被富集的磺胺甲唑抑制,抑制信号与磺胺甲唑的浓度成正比.在优化的实验条件下,方法的线性范围为0.04～10.0 μg/L; 检出限为0.01 μg/L.本方法可直接用于实际样品的检测,回收率好,灵敏度高,操作简便,自动化程度高.     

Innovative chemically bonded ionic liquids-based sol-gel coatings as highly porous, stable and selective stationary phases for solid phase microextraction

In this work, two allyl-functionalised ionic liquids (ILs), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide, were used as selective coating materials to prepare chemically bonded ILs-based organic-inorganic hybrid solid phase microextraction fibres. These fibres were prepared with the aid of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane as bridge using sol-gel method and free radical cross-linking technology. The underlying mechanisms of the sol-gel reaction were proposed, and the successful binding of these functional ILs to the sol-gel substrate was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. These IL-based sol-gel coatings had porous surface structure, high thermal stability, a wide range of pH stability, strong solvent resistance and good coating preparation reproducibility. They also had high selectivity and sensitivity towards strong polar phenolic environmental estrogens (PEEs) and aromatic amines due to the strong electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions provided by the special molecular structure of these imidazolium ILs. Moreover, their characteristics were somewhat different depending on the type of anions in the IL structure. The practical applicability of these IL-based sol-gel coatings was evaluated through the analysis of PEEs in two real water samples. The detection limits were quite low, varying from 0.0030 to 0.1248 μg L⁻¹. The linearity was very good in the range of 0.1 to 1000 μg L⁻¹ for most analytes, and the relative standard deviation values were below 6%. The relative recoveries were between 83.1 and 104.1% for lake water and between 89.1 and 97.1% for sewage drainage outlet water.     

Development of an Efficient Procedure for Determination of Copper,Zinc and Iron after Solid Phase Extraction on 3‐(1‐(1‐H‐Indol‐3‐yl)‐3‐Phenylallyl)‐1H‐Indole Loaded on Duolite XAD 761

A method for the simultaneous preconcentration of Cu²⁺,Zn²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions, in some food samples has been reported. The method is based on the adsorption of 3‐(1‐(1‐H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐3‐phenylallyl)‐1H‐indole (IPAI) loaded on Duolite XAD 761. The metal ions adsorbed on the modified solid phase resin are eluted using 6 mL of 4 mol L^?1 nitric acid. The influences of the analytical parameters including pH and amount of ligand and solid phase and type and amount of surfactant and sample volume on the metal ions recoveries were investigated. The effects of matrix ions on the retentions of the analytes were also examined. The recoveries of analytes were generally higher than 95% with a RSD lower than 5%. The method has been successfully applied for these metals content evaluation in some real samples.     

Preparation and Evaluation of a Molecular Recognition Bionic Solid Phase Extraction Column for Separation of Glucosides

A molecular recognition bionic solid phase extraction (SPE) column for separation of glucosides has been prepared using a positively charged β‐glucosylamidine as the ligand in which a glycon moiety is connected via an N‐glycoside linkage. β‐Glucosylamidine, highly potent and selective inhibitors of β‐glycosidase, is immobilized through a one‐step synthesize procedure involving the addition of β‐glucosylamine and 2‐iminothiolane. HCl simultaneously to a matrix modified with maleimido groups via an appropriate spacer to give a molecular recognition absorbent for β‐glucosides. N‐octyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside and β‐D‐galactopyranoside or α‐D‐mannopyranoside was directly chromatographed through the bionic chromatographic column, resulting in a much stronger retention of β‐D‐glucopyranoside than β‐D‐galactopyranoside and α‐D‐mannopyranoside. The retained glucopyranoside could only be eluted by glucose solution. This indicates that the binding of the glucoside was of specific nature that corresponds to the glycon substrate specificity of the glucoside. The ease of preparation and the selective nature of the molecular recognition bionic chromatography should promise a large‐scale preparation of the molecular recognition adsorbent for the purification and removal of glucosides according to their glycon substrate specificity.     

Assessment of statistical uncertainty in the quantitative analysis of solid samples in motion using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Statistical uncertainty in the quantitative analysis of solid samples in motion by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been assessed. For this purpose, a LIBS demonstrator was designed and constructed in our laboratory. The LIBS system consisted of a laboratory-scale conveyor belt, a compact optical module and a Nd:YAG laser operating at 532 nm. The speed of the conveyor belt was variable and could be adjusted up to a maximum speed of 2 m s^− 1. Statistical uncertainty in the analytical measurements was estimated in terms of precision (reproducibility and repeatability) and accuracy. The results obtained by LIBS on shredded scrap samples under real conditions have demonstrated that the analytical precision and accuracy of LIBS is dependent on the sample geometry, position on the conveyor belt and surface cleanliness. Flat, relatively clean scrap samples exhibited acceptable reproducibility and repeatability; by contrast, samples with an irregular shape or a dirty surface exhibited a poor relative standard deviation.