加速器电子枪控制器的设计及其远程光纤通讯的实现

介绍了合肥国家同步辐射实验室200 MeV电子直线加速器新型脉冲电子枪控制器的工作原理,以及I2C总线和嵌入式微控制器在电子枪控制器中的应用,详细分析了加热灯丝的数控电流源、引出电子束的数控电压源和脉冲电压源等模块的硬件实现,并给出了光纤通讯和后端微机控制软件的设计过程。该电子枪已成功应用于加速器的实际运行中,性能稳定,工作可靠,完全替代了以前的机械控制方式。     

ps级脉冲光纤放大器和压缩器

对掺镱双包层脉冲光纤放大器进行实验研究。当用入纤功率为1.9 W的半导体激光器激光泵浦0.5 m长的双包层掺镱光纤时,把平均功率为7 mW、重复频率25.4 MHz的激光放大到505 mW,相应的单脉冲能量为19.8 nJ,经过光栅对压缩后,得到2.7 ps的脉冲激光。     

Atomistic insights into the selective therapeutic activity of 6-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-5-((ethylmethyl)pyridine-3-yl)-8-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(2H)-one towards bromodomain-containing proteins

Cross-target effect has been one of the major mechanisms of drug toxicity, this has necessitated the design of inhibitors that are specifically tailored to target particular biomolecules. 6-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-5-((ethylmethyl)pyridine-3-yl)-8-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazin-1(2H)-one (Cpd38) is an inhibitor possessing high inhibition rate and tailored specificity towards bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4). In this research, we used an array of computational techniques to provide insight at the atomistic level the specific targeting of BRD4 by Cpd38 relative to the binding of Cpd38 with E1A binding protein P300 (EP300); another bromodomain-containing protein (BCP). Comparatively, binding of Cpd38 improved the conformational stability and compactness of BRD4 protein when compared to the Cpd38 bound EP300. Also, Cpd38 induced a conformational change in the active site of BRD4 that facilitated a complementary pose between Cpd38 and BRD4 suitable for effective atomistic interactions. Expectedly, thermodynamic calculations revealed that the Cpd38-BRD4 system had higher binding energy (−36.11 Kcal/mol) than the Cpd38-EP300 system with a free binding energy of −15.86 Kcal/mol. Noteworthy is the opposing role Trp81 (acting as hydrogen bond acceptor) and Pro1074 (acting as hydrogen bond donor) found on the WPF and LPF loops respectively play in maintaining Cpd38 stability. Furthermore, the hydrogen bond acceptor/donator ratio was approximately 4:1 in Cpd38-BRD4 system compared with 2:1 in Cpd38-EP300 system. Taken together, atomistic insights and structural perspectives detailed in this report supplements the experimental report supporting the improved selectivity of Cpd38 for BRD4 ahead of other BCPs while providing leeway for the future design of BET selective agents with better pharmacological profile.     

Recent developments concerning the investigation of exocytosis with amperometry

In this article, we have summarized the recent important results related to the electrochemical detection of vesicular exocytosis by amperometry with microelectrodes over the past three years. In this fascinating scientific field that began 40 years ago, the historical carbon fiber amperometry method still continues to be used to address biological questions by the pioneered groups of the field but also by other research groups thus showing this has become an indispensable routine technique for analyzing exocytosis. Furthermore, new methodologies (coupling with fluorescence, use of nanoelectrodes, microarrays) have blossomed and demonstrated how new analytical methods could be built to push back the limits of the initial technique.     

折射率调制深度误差对切趾啁啾光纤光栅特性的影响

从耦合模方程出发,用一种矩阵方法分析了折射率调制深度误差对切趾啁啾布拉格光纤光栅传输特性的影响。结果表明：折射率调制深度误差的分布频率越高,光栅传输特性受到的危害越小;误差平均幅值越高,光栅传输特性的劣化程度越大。因此,在光栅的制作过程中,应注意避免和减小高幅值误差,并注意减少低空间频率分布的误差。     

单模光纤波导模的傍轴传输特性

将LP01模表示成用拉盖尔 高斯模线性叠加的形式,利用柯林斯公式推导出单模光纤波导模通过傍轴ABCD光学系统的解析传输公式。用所得的解析公式对LP01模在自由空间的传输和聚焦特性作了研究,并和高斯基模进行了比较。数值计算结果表明,用高斯基模描述LP01模会产生一定误差。LP01模经过透镜聚焦后存在焦移,且焦移随着菲涅尔数传输特性的减小而增大。选择合适的菲涅尔数聚焦后,LP01模会出现长焦深,这是与聚焦的高斯模所不同的。     

共水解法制备GeO2/SiO2复合气凝胶初步研究

采用先共水解正硅酸乙酯和乙醇锗混合溶液、后以胺类化合物作为凝胶催化剂的方法制备了GeO2/SiO2复合氧化物湿凝胶,再将湿凝胶经超临界流体干燥获得了相应的复合氧化物气凝胶。对气凝胶的场发射扫描电镜和高分辨透射电镜分析表明,气凝胶为存在致密纳米团簇的网络结构。电子能谱分析表明,致密的纳米颗粒由富含GeO2的溶胶颗粒堆积而成,网络结构则主要以SiO2为主,这说明在“一锅法”制备复合气凝胶的过程中,GeO2将优先形成nm量级的颗粒而掺杂到SiO2气凝胶网络中。     

玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料热分解动力学参数的确定

采用热重分析仪对空气和氮气气氛中的玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料进行热分析,得到该材料在空气气氛中的烧蚀热为3 125～3 440 J/g,而在氮气气氛中并未出现明显的氧化放热峰。基于阿伦纽斯形式的多步分解模型和直接解法,计算了该材料在空气气氛中的热分解动力学参数。分析表明：阿伦纽斯形式的多步分解模型能够较好地描述该材料的热分解过程;直接解法适用于计算复合材料的热分解动力学参数;确立的热分解动力学参数是正确有效的。     

Nutritional Attributes and Phenolic Composition of Flower and Bud of Sophora japonica L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L.

Sophora japonica L. (SJL) and Robinia pseudoacacia L. (RPL) are widely cultivated in China. However, the utilization of their main by-products are limited due to a lack of comprehensive nutritional attributes. Herein, the proximate composition, mineral elements, fatty acids, amino acids, monosaccharides, and phenolics were analyzed to investigate the nutritional attributes of SJL and RPL. Dietary fiber was the main ingredient in SJL and RPL, followed by protein and lipids. The content of Fe in SJL and RPL was highest, especially in flowers of SJL, reaching about 1179.51 mg/kg. The total unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 89.67% of the bud of SJL. Meanwhile, the essential amino acids contents of the flower and bud of SJL and RPL accounted for 35.95–40.59% of total amino acids. The flower of SJL (373.75 mg/g) exhibited the most abundant monosaccharides. Meanwhile, the total phenolics and flavonoid contents in the buds of SJL and RPL were significantly higher than that of the flower, implying the buds possessed better biological activity. Moreover, the bud of SJL possessed the most abundant phenolics. The results provided a reference for the development of functional food derived from SJL and RPL.     

Milk-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots: Study of Biological and Chemical Properties Provides Evidence of Toxicity

Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon-based zero-dimensional nanomaterials that can be prepared from a number of organic precursors. In this research, they are prepared using fat-free UHT cow milk through the hydrothermal method. FTIR analysis shows C=O and C-H bond presence, as well as nitrogen-based bond like C-N, C=N and –NH₂ presence in CDs, while the absorption spectra show the absorption band at 280 ± 3 nm. Next, the Biuret test was performed, with the results showing no presence of unreacted proteins in CDs. It can be said that all proteins are converted in CDs. Photo luminance spectra shows the emission of CDs is 420 nm and a toxicity study of CDs was performed. The Presto Blue method was used to test the toxicity of CDs for murine hippocampal cells. CDs at a concentration of 4 mg/mL were hazardous independent of synthesis time, while the toxicity was higher for lower synthesis times of 1 and 2 h. When the concentration is reduced in 1 and 2 h synthesized CDs, the cytotoxic effect also decreases significantly, ensuring a survival rate of 60–80%. However, when the synthesis time of CDs is increased, the cytotoxic effect decreases to a lesser extent. The CDs with the highest synthesis time of 8 h do not show a cytotoxic effect above 60%. The cytotoxicity study shows that CDs may have a concentration and time–dependent cytotoxic effect, reducing the number of viable cells by 40%.