Determination and pharmacokinetics of geniposidic acid in rat plasma after oral administration of Gardenia jasminoides fruit crude extract and Zhi‐zi‐chi decoction

A simple and efficient liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the determination of geniposidic acid in rat plasma. After the addition of internal standard salidroside and acidification (0.1% formic acid, pH = 3.2), plasma samples were carried out by protein precipitation with acetonitrile and separated on a Kromasil C₁₈ column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) within a run time of 9.0 min. Analysis was performed in selected ion monitoring mode with a positive electrospray ionization interface. No endogenous interference was observed at retention times of the analytes because of the high specificity of selected ion monitoring mode. The linear range was 0.02–4.0 µg/mL and the lower limit of quantification was 0.02 µg/mL. The mean extraction recoveries of geniposidic acid and internal standard from rat plasma were all >88.0% and the matrix effects were within acceptance criteria (90–110%). The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of geniposidic acid in rat plasma after oral administration of G. jasminoides fruit crude extract and Zhi‐zi‐chi decoction, respectively. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Homotherapy for heteropathy active components and mechanisms of Qiang-Huo-Sheng-Shi decoction for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

Qiang-Huo-Sheng-Shi decoction (QHSSD), a classic traditional Chinese herbal formula, which has been reported to be effective in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). However, the concurrent targeting mechanism of how the aforementioned formula is valid in the two distinct diseases OA and RA, which represents the homotherapy-for-heteropathy principle in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), have not yet been clarified. In the present study, network pharmacology was adopted to analyze the potential molecular mechanism, and therapeutic effective components of QHSSD on both OA and RA. A total of 153 active ingredients in QHSSD were identified, 142 of which associated with 59 potential targets for the two diseases were identified. By constructing the protein-protein interaction network and the compound-target-disease network, 72 compounds and 10 proteins were obtained as the hub targets of QHSSD against OA and RA. The hub genes of ESR1, PTGS2, PPARG, IL1B, TNF, MMP2, IL6, CYP3A4, MAPK8, and ALB were mainly involved in osteoclast differentiation, the NF-κB and TNF signaling pathways. Moreover, molecular docking results showed that the screened active compounds had a high affinity for the hub genes. This study provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms behind how QHSSD presents homotherapy-for-heteropathy therapeutic efficacy in both OA and RA. For the first time, a two-disease model was linked with a TCM formula using network pharmacology to identify the key active components and understand the common mechanisms of its multi-pathway regulation. This study will inspire more innovative and important studies on the modern research of TCM formulas.     

葛根芩连汤联合西药治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的疗效研究

目的研究葛根芩连汤联合西药治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的疗效。方法将2012年3月—2014年5月期间住院治疗的120例毛细支气管炎患儿纳入研究,根据治疗方式不同随机分为两组,观察组患者接受葛根芩连汤联合西药治疗,对照组患者接受常规西药治疗,比较两组患者的临床症状和体征缓解时间、血氧饱和度以及免疫功能。结果 (1)症状和体征缓解时间:观察组患儿的咳嗽、喘憋缓解时间以及两肺啰音消失时间分别为(3.35±0.42)、(1.75±0.23)、(3.58±0.45)d,均短于对照组的(4.95±0.62)、(2.84±0.40)、(5.91±0.71)d;(2)血氧饱和度:治疗后1、2、3 d时,观察组患儿的血氧饱和度分别为(95.33±12.24)%、(97.58±11.94)%、(99.13±12.85)%,高于对照组的(91.98±10.85)%、(93.54±12.38)%、(95.16±14.23)%;(3)免疫功能:观察组患儿的血清Ig G(6.25±0.82)、Ig M(0.82±0.10)、Ig A(0.42±0.05)g/L,高于对照组的(4.34±0.65)、(0.58±0.06)、(0.29±0.03)g/L。结论葛根芩连汤联合西药治疗有助于促进临床症状和体征缓解、提高血氧饱和度、增强免疫功能,是治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的理想方法。     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopic analysis of Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction

ABSTRACT

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy was employed to analyze the biochemical composition of the Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction, which is a common traditional Chinese medicine. No reliable Raman peak was observed in traditional Raman spectra of Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction. However, 12 main Raman peaks (534, 616, 648, 685, 730, 781, 850, 958, 1242, 1319, 1460, and 1571 cm^?1) were observed in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy spectra from the mixture of silver colloids with Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction as a result of the silver colloid enhanced effects on the Raman scattering of Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction. The results demonstrated that the surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy may provide a new kind of non-destructive, accurate, direct, and fast detecting method for the Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction or other traditional Chinese medicine in the form of decoction.     

Simultaneous determination of albiflorin and paeoniflorin in rat urine by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography following oral administration of Si-Wu decoction

A high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC), together with solid phase extraction (SPE), was developed for simultaneous determination of albiflorin and paeoniflorin in rat urine after oral administration of Si-Wu decoction. The samples were pretreated with solid phase extraction using Extract-Cleantrade mark cartridges. Analysis of the extract was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column and a mobile phase made up of acetonitrile and 0.03% formic acid (17:83, v/v). UV detection was set at 230 nm. The assay was linear over the range 2.625-52.50 mg/mL for albiflorin and 3.875-77.50 microg/mL for paeoniflorin. The average percentage recoveries of three spiked urines were 97.01 +/- 3.32 and 102.32 +/- 6.97 for albiflorin and paeoniflorin, respectively. The intra-day precision (RSD) ranged from 0.21 to 1.79% at concentrations of 4.20, 10.50, 26.25 and 39.375 microg/mL of albiflorin and 0.12 to 2.92% at concentrations of 3.875, 10.85, 23.25 and 58.125 microg/mL of paeoniflorin, and inter-day precision (RSD) was from 1.02 to 1.86% for albiflorin and 0.94 to 3.30% for paeoniflorin, at the same four concentrations. This method was applied in order to analyze albiflorin and paeoniflorin in rat urine following oral administration of traditional Chinese medicinal preparation of Si-Wu decoction.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定当归补血汤中多种微量元素

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定当归补血汤中多种微量元素,考查当归、黄芪以不同的配比进行煎煮时微量元素的溶出情况。实验证明、当归、黄芪生药材及水煎液经硝酸-高氯酸体系消化,样品消解完全,可以满足ICP-AES检测的要求。相对标准偏差为0.82%～5.56%,加标回收率为97.2%～115.4%,完全能满足中草药中微量元素的测试要求。而各种微量元素的溶出率均以当归、黄芪为1∶5的配比的共煎液中各种微量元素溶出率最高, 证实了该配伍的合理性。文章为药剂学研究提出了一个简便、准确和可行的研究方法的同时,也对当归补血汤配伍合理性进行了考察,为其临床疗效提供了有效依据。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法快速辨识芪玉三龙汤化学成分

利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-QTOF-MS)的数据非依赖性采集(DIA)技术,结合靶向筛查方法,快速辨识芪玉三龙汤(Qi-Yu-San-Long decoction,QYSLD)化学成分.以Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)为色谱柱...