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111.
Butyltins were analyzed in waters from California river and lake marinas and were detected at the part per trillion (ppt) level in most locations. The tributyltin:dibutyltin (TBT/DBT) ratios in the fresh waters were similar to those in their saline counterparts indicating like rates of degradation in the two salinity regimes. 相似文献
112.
Joseph Y.-T. Leung 《Discrete Applied Mathematics》2007,155(8):945-970
We consider the problem of scheduling orders for multiple different product types in an environment with m dedicated machines in parallel. The objective is to minimize the total weighted completion time. Each product type is produced by one and only one of the m dedicated machines; that is, each machine is dedicated to a specific product type. Each order has a weight and may also have a release date. Each order asks for certain amounts of various different product types. The different products for an order can be produced concurrently. Preemptions are not allowed. Even when all orders are available at time 0, the problem has been shown to be strongly NP-hard for any fixed number (?2) of machines. This paper focuses on the design and analysis of efficient heuristics for the case without release dates. Occasionally, however, we extend our results to the case with release dates. The heuristics considered include some that have already been proposed in the literature as well as several new ones. They include various static and dynamic priority rules as well as two more sophisticated LP-based algorithms. We analyze the performance bounds of the priority rules and of the algorithms and present also an in-depth comparative analysis of the various rules and algorithms. The conclusions from this empirical analysis provide insights into the trade-offs with regard to solution quality, speed, and memory space. 相似文献
113.
The decay process J/ψ→p X X→p P,where p,p and P are the proton,antiproton and pseudoscalar states,respectively,has been studied in terms of the angular distribution and the generalized moment analysis methods.The result shows that we can identify the spin,but cannot determine the parity of the baryon resonance state X produced in the process J/ψ→p X X→p P. 相似文献
114.
Frank H.G.M. Wijnands Charles G. Crookes Paul M. Charles Richard M. Ash Ian F. Lealman Michael J. Robertson Anthony E. Kelly Kevin A. Williams Aeneas B. Massara Richard V. Penty Ian H. White 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2002,34(10):959-973
An anomalous modulation in the wavelength spectrum has been observed in lasers with spot-size converters. This intensity modulation is shown to be caused by beating between the fundamental lasing mode and radiation modes in the taper. This results in a periodic modulation in the net gain spectrum, which causes wavelength jumps between adjacent net gain maxima, and a drive current dependent spectral width that is expected to affect system performance. The amplitude of this spectral modulation is reduced significantly by either using an angled rear-facet which reflects the beating radiation modes away from the laser axis, or by using a nonlinear, adiabatic taper. 相似文献
115.
116.
117.
Electronic properties of model quantum-dot structures in zero and finite magnetic fields 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H. Saarikoski E. Räsänen S. Siljamäki A. Harju M.J. Puska R.M. Nieminen 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,26(2):241-252
We have computed electronic structures and total energies of circularly confined two-dimensional quantum dots and their lateral
dimers in zero and finite uniform external magnetic fields using different theoretical schemes: the spin-density-functional
theory (SDFT), the current-and-spin-density-functional theory (CSDFT), and the variational quantum Monte Carlo (VMC) method.
The SDFT and CSDFT calculations employ a recently-developed, symmetry-unrestricted real-space algorithm allowing solutions
which break the spin symmetry. Results obtained for a six-electron dot in the weak confinement limit and in zero magnetic
field as well as in a moderate confinement and in finite magnetic fields enable us to draw conclusions about the reliability
of the more approximative SDFT and CSDFT schemes in comparison with the VMC method. The same is true for results obtained
for the two-electron quantum dot dimer as a function of inter-dot distance. The structure and role of the symmetry-breaking
solutions appearing in the SDFT and CSDFT calculations for the above systems are discussed.
Received 16 October 2001 and Received in final form 17 January 2002 相似文献
118.
119.
Goran Pavi? 《Applied Acoustics》2006,67(9):864-881
A method is formulated for the identification of an unknown physical parameter of a fluid-filled pipe using the measurement of sound speed in the pipe. The method uses a simple formula which provides the relationship between the sound speed and a few physical parameters of the pipe: thickness, diameter, wall material constants and fluid constants. Once the sound speed in the pipe is measured, the simple formula can be used to extract one of the unknown parameters providing the remaining ones are known.The sound speed in the pipe is measured using a 3-transducer array. In order to demonstrate the potential of the technique the results of several measurements obtained in a water-filled steel pipe are presented.The required accuracy of the measurement of sound speed and of the specification of known parameters is analysed. The accuracy depends on the unknown parameter which is to be identified. For example, if the pipe thickness is the unknown parameter, the other parameters have to be known within a very narrow margin of error. On the contrary, if the fluid properties have to be identified the needed accuracy of known parameters gets much lower. 相似文献
120.
M. Gutowski I. Dabkowska J. Rak S. Xu J.M. Nilles D. Radisic K.H. Bowen Jr 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2002,20(3):431-439
The photoelectron spectra (PES) of anions of uracil-glycine and uracil-phenylalanine complexes reveal broad features with
maxima at 1.8 and 2.0 eV. The results of ab initio density functional B3LYP and second order M?ller-Plesset theory calculations indicate that the excess electron occupies a
π* orbital localized on uracil. The excess electron attachment to the complex can induce a barrier-free proton transfer (BFPT)
from the carboxylic group of glycine to the O8 atom of uracil. As a result, the four most stable structures of the anion of
uracil-glycine complex can be characterized as the neutral radical of hydrogenated uracil solvated by the anion of deprotonated
glycine. The similarity between the PES spectra for the uracil complexes with glycine and phenylalanine suggests that the
BFPT is also operative in the case of the latter anionic species. The BFPT to the O8 atom of uracil may be related to the
damage of nucleic acid bases by low energy electrons because the O8 atom is involved in a hydrogen bond with adenine in the
standard Watson-Crick pairing scheme.
Received 6 April 2002 Published online 13 September 2002 相似文献