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51.
Two greener procedures for flow-injection spectrophotometric determination of nitrite in natural waters were developed and critically compared. Replacement of toxic reagents, waste minimization and treatment were exploited to attend the standards of clean chemistry. The flow system was designed with solenoid micro-pumps in order to minimize reagent consumption and waste generation. The first procedure is based on the Griess diazo-coupling reaction with sulfanilamide and N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine (NED) yielding an azo dye, followed by photodegradation of the low amount of waste generated based on the photo-Fenton reaction. The second procedure is based on the formation of iodine from nitrite and iodide in acid medium in order to avoid the use of toxic reagents. For Griess method, linear response was achieved up to 1.0 mg L− 1, described by the equation A = − 0.007 + 0.460C (mg L− 1), r = 0.999. The detection limit was estimated as 8 μg L− 1 at the 99.7% confidence level and the coefficient of variation was 0.8% (n = 20). The sampling rate was estimated as 108 determinations per hour. The consumption of the most toxic reagent (NED) is reduced 55-fold and 20-fold in comparison to batch method and flow injection with continuous reagent addition, respectively. A colorless residue was obtained by in-line photodegradation with reduction of 87% of the total organic carbon content. The results obtained for natural water samples were in agreement with those achieved by the reference method at the 95% confidence level. For the nitrite–iodide method, linear response was observed up to 2.0 mg L− 1, described by the equation A = − 0.024 + 0.148C (mg L− 1), r = 0.999. The detection limit was estimated as 25 μg L− 1 at the 99.7% confidence level and the coefficient of variation was 0.6% (n = 20). The sampling rate was estimated as 44 determinations per hour. Despite avoiding the use of toxic reagents, the nitrite–iodide method presented worst performance in terms of selectivity and sensitivity. 相似文献
52.
集化学家与化学教育家于一身的一代化学大师李比希--纪念李比希诞辰200周年 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在德国著名化学家李比希诞辰200周年之际,对这位集化学家与化学教育家于一身的一代化学大师对科学和科学教育以及人类社会作出的贡献进行了评述。 相似文献
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呋喃甲醛缩二乙撑三胺希夫碱铜配合物的合成及结构(英) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A novel copper(Ⅱ) complex CuL(NO3)2(where L=N,N′-bis(furaldehyde)-diethylenetriamine) was synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography analysis. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group C2/c with cell parameters a=1.924 0(6) nm, b=0.792 8(3) nm, c=2.504 1(8) nm, β=111.163(5)°, and Z=8. The coordination geometry around Cu(Ⅱ) is a distorted trigonal-bipyramid,and one-dimensional chain is formed through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. CCDC: 255629. 相似文献
56.
[α-(2-氧代烷基)-α-(取代苯胺基)甲基苯基]-β-D-吡喃阿洛糖苷的合成及镇静活性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以豆腐果苷为原料, 通过Mannich反应与取代苯胺和脂肪酮共合成了七个豆腐果苷衍生物, 均未见文献报道. 其结构经1H NMR, IR, MS和HRMS确认, 并进行了药理活性筛选. 结果表明, 部分化合物均具有良好的镇静活性. 其中, 化合物2a (200 mg/kg), 2b (200 or 100 mg/kg)和2e (200 mg/kg)与豆腐果苷相比较, 具有更强的疗效. 相似文献
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Summary The novel theoretical scheme IMOMM, integrating ab initio and molecular mechanics contributions in a single geometry optimization process, is applied to the structural determination of different [OsO4(NR3)] (NR3 = bulky chiral alkaloid derivative) species closely related to active catalysts for the asymmetric dihydroxylation of olefins. Computed values compare in a satisfactory way with available X-ray data, the relationship between the Os-N distance and the nature of the NR3, ligand being properly reproduced. The computational scheme allows the separate quantification of electronic and steric effects, as well as the identification of the specific steric repulsions responsible for the difference. 相似文献
59.
用非水滴定法和Hammett系列指示剂测定了COS水解碱改性γ-Al_2O_3催化剂的表面碱强度分布.发现表面碱强度分布不均匀与表面能量分布不均匀相呼应.采用零点酸碱强度(H_(0,max))及碱中心区域分析法,Bronsted催化定律,进一步证实COS水解反应具有明显碱催化特征,较高活性催化剂的H_(0,max)一般为10左右,对COS水解反应起主要作用的碱性中心的碱强度(H_0)为4.8≤H_0≤9.8.对碱金属氧化物改性后的γ-Al_2O_3催化剂,Bronsted规律在每个碱强度分区域内是适用的. 相似文献
60.
Highly ordered mesoporous bioactive glasses with superior in vitro bone-forming bioactivities 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3