Effect of Alkali Treatment on the Structure and Catalytic Properties of ZSM-5 Zeolite

Catalytic properties of ZSM-5 zeolite samples pretreated with NaOH solution have been investigated. The samples are characterized by XRD, SEM, chemical analysis, and N2 adsorption.The results indicate that mesopores are created in ZSM-5 crystals under alkali treatment without change the microporous structure and acidic strength of the zeolite, but the crystallinity is greatly decreased under severe treatment. IR indicates that the concentration of silanol is greatly enriched by alkali treatment. The etherification activities of ZSM-5 zeolites are greatly increased byalkali-treatment. The noticeably improved catalytic activity of treated samples is ascribed to the formation of mesopores and greatly enriched silanol group.     

The effects of alkali metal(Na+,K+) on the exchange degree of Hβ zeolite and the catalytic properties of the alkalized zeolites

The effects of alkali metals (Na+,K+) on the exchange degree of Hβ zeolite under different conditions and the conversion of α(or β)-methylnaphthalene over the alkalized zeolites were studied. The results showed that the H+ of Hβ zeolite is totally replaced by the Na+ of NaCl solution, while partially exchanged by the K+ of KC1 solution, there is an exchange equilibrium between the H+ and K+ for Hβ zeolite (Si/Al=17.23) and the value of equilibrium is 88.39. The exchange degree also increases with increasing the Si/Al of the samples. It was suggested that these resluts are attributed to the electrostatic field in the pore of Hβ zeolite and the nature of zeolite and the properties of alkali metal. The isomerization of α(or β)-methylnaphthalene is the main reaction over the samples and it is more favour on the proper acid-base sites of KHβ zeolite.     

碱金属盐对ZSM-5分子筛晶化的影响

Effect of different alkali metal salts on the crystal size and the crystallization rate of ZSM-5 zeolite was de-tailedly investigated in this paper. The samples prepared by adding the different alkali metal salts were character-ized by using XRD， TEM， TG-DSC， BET and IR techniques. The XRD results showed that， for the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite， the characteristic peaks broadened on the XRD patterns in comparison with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The SEM results verified that the crystal size of zeolites prepared by adding different alkali metal salts had different results， and adding NaCl， NaC₂H₃O₂ and KCl showed the better effect of reducing crystal size， which are about of 40～60nm size. The crystallization curve of adding the different alkali metal salts suggested that the crystallization rate was significantly affected by the anions in the alkali metal salt besides the cations. Moreover， the crystal size likewise depended on the anion in the alkali metal salt. In addition， the BET results suggested that the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite possessed a larger outer surface area in comparison with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The thermostability of the samples was determined by TG-DSC technique， indicating that the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite had a poor thermostability as compared with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The possible difference of the samples with different crystal sizes on IR spectra was also given.     

介孔沸石材料

介孔沸石材料是含有丰富介孔的结晶沸石,不仅保留了沸石材料优良的酸性和水热稳定性,而且由于介孔的引入改善了其对大分子的吸附和扩散性能,在催化领域特别是涉及大分子的催化反应中是极有应用前景的材料。本文综述了介孔沸石材料的制备方法并进行了比较分析,概述了近年来介孔沸石材料在不同催化反应中的应用,探讨了介孔沸石材料今后的研究方向。     

含钛CDS-1分子筛的水热合成与表征

以钛酸正丁酯（TBOT）为钛源、以发烟硅胶为硅源、以四甲基氢氧化铵（TMAOH）为模板剂,采用了一步法直接水热合成了CDO晶体结构的含钛分子筛,Ti-CDS-1。用粉末X-射线衍射、电子扫描、紫外可见漫反射光谱,傅立叶变换红外光谱等手段对所合成的样品进行了表征,结果表明,Ti-CDS-1维持原来全硅分子筛的片状晶体外形;原料中钛原子大部分嵌入到CDS-1分子筛分子筛骨架,少量钛在分子筛表面形成八面体非骨架钛物种,这部分骨架外钛可以用酸处理选择性去除。     

苯与丙烯在β分子筛上吸附行为的蒙特卡罗研究

采用巨正则统计系综蒙特卡罗模拟方法研究了β分子筛上苯与丙烯分子的吸附行为. 由分子筛内吸附质粒子云分布可知, 在100 kPa时, 丙烯在分子筛上的吸附量要远远大于苯的吸附量. 由吸附相互作用能分布来看, 苯与分子筛之间相互作用能比丙烯与分子筛之间的相互作用能更负, 这就使苯分子的吸附相对于丙烯分子稳定. 相对而言, 温度变化对丙烯吸附影响远大于对苯吸附的影响, 如100 kPa时, 温度由298 K升高至443 K导致丙烯分子吸附量明显减少, 由每8个晶胞吸附98个丙烯分子减少到80个; 而对苯分子吸附却没有显著的影响. β分子筛上存在着苯和丙烯的竞争吸附, 并且吸附分子之间存在相互作用使两者与分子筛之间的相互作用能分布改变. 在压力范围1×10－3～5.0 kPa, 不同温度下苯与丙烯在分子筛内吸附等温线的模拟结果表明, 在较高温度、较低压力下丙烯的吸附量要小于苯的吸附量.     

Natural Zeolite for The Purification of Saline Groundwater and Irrigation Potential Analysis

Groundwater is one of the main sources of water for irrigation used worldwide. However, the application of the resource is threatened by the possibility of high saline levels, especially in low-lying coastal regions. Furthermore, the lack of readily accessible materials for successful treatment procedures makes the purification of such water a constant challenge. Based on the fact that natural zeolite is one of the easily accessible and relatively cheap filter materials, this study examined the potential use of high-salinity groundwater filtered by natural zeolite for irrigation. Zeolite-filled filters at two different depths (0.5 m and 1 m) were studied. The samples were collected from the low-lying areas of Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. The study observed that when the raw groundwater samples were exposed to the 0.5 m column depth, sodium (Na⁺) had the lowest removal efficiency at 40.2% and calcium (Ca²⁺) had the highest removal efficiency at 98.9%. On the other hand, magnesium (Mg²⁺) had the lowest removal efficiency, at about 61.2%, whereas potassium (K⁺) had up to about 99.7% removal efficiency from the 1 m column depth treatment system. Additionally, from the salinity hazard potential analysis, most of the samples fell within C4 (based on the electrical conductivity), which is a “very high salinity” class, and based on the quality it means the water cannot be directly applied for irrigation purposes. From the 0.5 m column depth, most of the samples fell within C3 (the “high salinity” class), and from the 1 m column depth most of the samples fell within C1 (“low salinity” class). The findings of this study offer some valuable insight into the prospective use of natural zeolite for the filtration of saline groundwater before its application for irrigation.     

含氮ZSM-5分子筛骨架中氮取代位置的密度泛函计算

运用Gaussian 98程序包, 采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法, 基于ZSM-5分子筛的8T模型, 分别通过6-31G, 6-31G(d)和6-311G(d,p)基组计算了ZSM-5分子筛中氮原子取代前后各O原子和各N原子的能量, 从而得到各O原子与各N原子在骨架中的稳定性及其对氮化取代反应的影响. 计算结果表明, N原子在骨架中的稳定性对氮取代反应的影响较大. ZSM-5分子筛晶体结构中与B酸位处于同一个四面体的O11位置, 为氮原子的最佳取代位置, 因此氮化后分子筛表面的B酸强度得到较大程度的减弱.     

使用四乙基氢氧化铵作为有机模板剂和常规硅铝源直接合成SSZ-13沸石分子筛

使用四乙基氢氧化铵作为有机模板剂,利用常规铝源和硅源而不需要高硅Y沸石作为起始原料,同时加入适量的沸石晶种直接合成了SSZ-13沸石分子筛.所合成的沸石产物结晶度好,具有良好的水热稳定性,并在氨选择性催化还原(NH₃-SCR)反应中显示出优异的催化性能,为其在工业上广泛应用提供了可能.     

无溶剂路线制备分子筛封装的钴基催化剂及其在费托合成制汽油反应中的应用（英文）

自2012年浙江大学肖丰收教授(J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2012,134,15173-15176)首次提出无溶剂法合成分子筛以来,该路线已备受关注.无溶剂合成分子筛方法具有废液少、产率高、安全系数高等优点.本文针对合成气经费托路线(FTS)一步法制备富含异构烷烃汽油馏分的研究,通过无溶剂研磨法制备了分子筛封装金属催化剂.一般来说,烷烃异构化催化剂的性能主要取决于分子筛的孔道结构及其酸性,其次是分子筛晶粒大小、结晶度和表面性质等因素.本文对比了三种具有相同拓扑结构的MFI分子筛(Silicalite-1,HZSM-5和NaZSM-5)对汽油和异构烷烃选择性的影响规律.结果显示,在CO转化率(～30%)近似相同的情况下,具有最弱酸性的Silicalite-1封装的Co颗粒表现出最高的汽油选择性(～70%)和异构烷烃选择性(～30.7%).这意味着正构烷烃异构化反应只需要弱酸即可实现,较强的酸性则会使其发生过度裂解反应.Py-IR谱图显示,Silicalite-1在1445 cm^-1附近的L酸是区别于NaZSM-5和HZSM-5的一个重要酸性位,可作为FTS路线制...