稠环芳烃系列化合物化学位移的计算 IV.^1H化学位移加合性规律的量子力学基础

Based on a starting point of the McWeeny Huckel-London perturbation theory approximation, a formula similar to the fourmula of additivity rule for the calculations of the chemical shifts of condensed aromatic hydrocarbons has been derived. The quantum mechanical basis of additivity rule is thus indicated by this formula. It is shown that by using the concept of aromatic shift and sigma ratio, this method for calculation of proton chemical shifts has the virtues of definite physical meaning and simple calculation. It can also be extended to the calculation of the proton chemical shifts of substituents fr the molecules of this series.     

分光光度法同时测定两个干扰组份的研究 I.多波长数据线性回归法及其应用于同时测定微量锰和锌的探讨

In this paper, a linear regression method of multiwavelength data is proposed. The method, based on the difference of molar absorptivity between two coloured chelates at murti-wavelengths, can be applied to simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of two-interfering-component systems in the visible region. As an example, the availability as well as the optimum condition for simultaneous determination of Mn and Zn with 5-Br-PADAP in the presence of nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 have been studied. Measure the absorbance at 15 wavelengths over the range of 540-584 nm and treat the data with the suggested method, the linear correlation coefficients (γ) are found to be 0.998 in the synthetic mixtures containing microamounts of Mn and Zn with the concentration ratio from 1:10 to 10:1. The recoveries of both elements are 95-120% with the relative standard deviations (N=5) less than 17%. the method has been successfully used for direct determination of Mn and Zn in tap water. The new method proposed in this work is simple, fast and can be used for the analysis of two-interfering-component systems.     

F与自由基CH~2OH反应理论研究

用量子化学从头计算法对氟原子与羟亚甲基CH~2OH在势能面上的反应进行了研究。采用G2(MP2,SVP)理论计算出了热能面上各驻点物种的构型参数、振动频率和能量。结果表明:F与CH~2OH反应首先通过H转移形成甲基,然后甲基旋转,再通过甲基中一个H与F结合,最后产生HF和CH~2O。计算出反应热为455.9kJ.mol^-^1,与实验值439kJ.mol^-^1符合较好。另外对前人红外吸收光谱研究中没有观测到CHOH提出了可能解释。     

UPS和功函数研究氧在电解银上的吸附

本文报导了用紫外光电子能谱(UPS), 热脱附(TDS)和表面功函数连续测量等手段对氧与电解银表面相互作用过程中的电荷传递, 成键以及吸附动力学等研究的实验结果。     

核磁共振化学位移的MNDO/GIAO微扰法计算

本文首次应用MNDO近似和规范不变的原子轨道(GIAO)计算了化学位移,提出了MNDO/GIAO微扰计算法及单电子算符1/r_m,L_m及L_m/r_m~3的简单有效积分法.通过优化选择MNDO的β_μ参数,对一组典型有机分子~(13)C化学位移的计算结果表明,理论值与实验数据符合得很好,并克服了SOS微扰法对坐标原点的依赖性.     

Fe2S2(SH)4[2-,3-]的从头计算

正确的能级次序应与分子的活性位置一致.实验证实,铁硫蛋白或模型化合物Fe_2S_2(SR)~(2-)及Fe_4S_4(SR)_4~(2-)的活性位置在端基,易于发生多种取代反应,而Fe_2S_2和Fe_4S_4实一般是稳定的.但是,经过电化学还原生成的Fe_2S_2(SR)_4~(3-),却不可逆地二聚化,生成Fe_4S_4(SR)_4~(2-)     

液态水的分子动力学模拟

用分子动力学(MD)模拟方法在150~376K的温度范围内对液态水的微正则系统进行了研究。考察了液态水的结构及其性质。模拟采用了由从头算得出的柔性水-水相互作用势MCYL。对时间和空间的平均得出了液态中水分子几何构型及温度改变所引起的液态水结构变化。对径向分布函数gOH, gOO, gHH及配位数的分析表明, 在所考察的温度范围内, 每个水分子与相邻分子形成的氢键数为2~3, 水分子在参与的2个氢键中同时作为授受体。结合对振动谱的研究表明在低温时液态水形成的网络结构可能随温度的升高而形成小的簇结构。     

β-羟基丙醛基态与激发态氢迁移反应的从头算研究

本文用从头算RHF和UHF方法在3-21G基组上研究了β-羟基丙醛基态和激发态分解为甲醛和乙烯醇的反应机理。优化得到了各反应途径的过渡态和中间体, 其结果为: 基态β-羟基丙醛经过一个六元环过渡态和一个氢键中间体形成产物, 反应属于氢迁移和断键的协同过程; 激发三态β-羟基丙醛的分解途径首先经过一个氢迁移六元环过渡态形成双自由基中间体, 然后该中间体的分解包括两条相互竞争的途径, 它们各自经过一个断碳碳键的过渡态和一个氢键激-基态配合物中间体而形成两类产物, 一类为甲醛的基态和乙烯醇的激发态, 另一类为甲醛的激发态和乙烯醇的基态。激发态反应的两条通道均属于先氢迁移后断键分解的分步过程, 且反应的第二步为速控步骤。计算结果表明, 激发态反应活化位垒都比基态的低。