三氯化铝固载化的新方法

Al Cl3是化工、石油炼制和制药工业中广泛应用的重要催化剂之一 .但由于它具有腐蚀性 ,与产物分离麻烦以及产生大量污水等缺点 ,其使用日益受到限制 .为解决上述问题 ,人们对其固载化进行了长达 50多年的研究 ,研究的重点是通过化学反应把 Al Cl3嫁接到 γ-Al2 O3和 Si O2 等常用载体上 .主要方法有两种 :一种是气 -固反应法 [1～ 4 ] :先将 Al Cl3升华 ,再与固体载体反应 ;另一种是溶剂反应法[5～ 6] :将 Al Cl3溶解于 CCl4 ,CHCl3等溶剂中 ,通过浸泡、回馏等方法使 Al Cl3与固体载体反应 .一般认为 ,Al Cl3固载化机理是 Al Cl3…     

Characterization of DNA immobilized on electrochemically prepared conducting polypyrrole-polyvinyl sulfonate films

The article describes the adsorption characteristics of DNA onto electrochemically generated polypyrrole-polyvinyl sulfonate (PPY-PVS) films obtained as a function of pH. Adsorption on PPY doped with an anion proceeds by anion exchange, and since DNA possesses a fixed negative charge owing to PO ₄ ⁻ , it favors a very strong binding displacing PVS with favorable energetic interactions. Characterization of adsorbed DNA onto the PPY-PVS films was carried out by ultraviolet-visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetric studies.     

Increase in catalytic activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase upon its coprecipitation with hexadecane-1,2-diol suspension

A simple method for the noncovalent modification of Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase resulting in an increase in its catalytic activity in aqueous and nonaqueous media was suggested.     

Covalent Immobilization of Lipase on Poly（ acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid） Ultrafiltration Hollow Fiber Membrane

IntroductionLipases are biotechnologically important enzymes,which are able to catalyze the hydrolysis/synthesis of awide range of soluble or insoluble carboxylic acid estersand amides.In this way,the enzymes have been wide-ly used biotechnologically in dairy industry,oil pro-cessing,the production of surfactants,and the prepara-tion of enantiomerically pure pharmaceuticals[1,2].However,like mostenzymes for industrial applica-tions,lipases are unstable and easy to lose their cata-lytic activit…     

Syntheses and Characterization of Conjugates of Nucleic Acid Probes and 6-Aminoglucose-based Polymers

Homopolymers based on 6-deoxy-6-methacryloylamido-d -glucopyranose (6-aminoglucose), obtained by radical-initiated polymerization, were used as reactive polymeric supports to tether oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) in order to make oligonucleotide–polymer conjugates of potential applications in diagnostics. The reducing ends of the homopolymers, used as self-protected groups during the radical polymerizations, served as reactive groups for the covalent attachment of 5′-amino-modified oligodeoxyribonucleotides via reductive amination, with sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. The best coupling conditions used dimethylformamide/20 mm sodium tetraborate as a 90/10 (v/v) mixture at 50°C. The main factors controlling the course of the reaction are electrostatic repulsive interactions and polymer chain complexation. A low ionic strength was essential for the reaction to occur in a pH range of 7.3 to 9.3. The polymer–ODN conjugates could be aggregated depending on the extent of polymer chain interactions. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

γ-Al2O3改性对AlCl3/γ-Al2O3催化剂性能的影响

采用HCl和NaOH改性γ-Al2O3载体制备AlCl3/γ-Al2O3固载催化剂,用吡啶-FTIR和吡啶-TPD技术分析了催化剂的表面酸性(酸中心类型、酸强度和酸量),并以1-癸烯齐聚作为探针反应,研究了催化剂的稳定性以及催化剂对聚合反应的影响.结果表明,催化剂含有两种酸类型,即Lewis酸和Br(o)nsted酸,与未改性的催化剂相比,氢氧化钠改性载体制备的催化剂,酸量增大了47％,催化剂催化1-癸烯的齐聚反应活性增加了11.4％;而经盐酸改性制备的催化剂酸量增大112％,催化剂的活性增加了33.6％.酸强度依AlCl3/γ-Al2O3,AlCl3/γ-Al2O3(NaOH),AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 (HCl)的顺序增强.     

基于切刻内切酶信号放大的电致化学发光DNA生物传感器的研究

利用切刻内切酶的酶切作用实现信号放大,结合量子点高效的电化学发光性能,构建了一种新型电化学发光DNA生物传感器.将捕获探针DNA(c-DNA)通过自组装的方式固定到金电极表面,后与目标DNA(t-DNA)互补杂交形成双链DNA,利用切刻内切酶Nt.BstNBI特异性识别双链上的酶切位点(5'-GAGTC-3'),然后在c-DNA相应的切割位点(识别序列3'端后的4个碱基处)对其进行剪切,释放出目标链,参与下一轮的杂交及酶切,通过目标物的循环利用,实现信号放大.利用N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(N HS)和1-乙基-3-3-二甲基氨丙基碳化二亚胺(EDC)活化羧基化CdTe量子点表面的羧基,与电极表面残留的c-DNA末端的氨基共价交联,通过测定捕获的量子点的电化学发光信号对目标DNA进行检测.优化后的检测条件为:c-DNA浓度1 μmol/L,杂交时间60 min,Nt.BstNBI浓度0.5 U/μL,酶切反应时间4h.在优化条件下,目标DNA浓度在2.0×10-13～2.0×10-11 mol/L范围内,其对数与电化学发光强度呈线性关系,检出限为7.3×10-14 mol/L.人体血样加标回收率为96.4％～108.0％.     

壳聚糖固定化碱性脂肪酶的研究

以蟹壳为原料提取壳聚糖,用戊二醛作交联剂,将碱性脂肪酶固定于壳聚糖上。同时探讨了一定量干壳聚糖载体与交联剂浓度、给酶量等关系的最适固定化酶条件,并对固定化酶的热稳定性、操作稳定性、米氏常数、最适温度、离子强度的影响以及使用半衰期等理化性质进行探讨。     

基于金属离子螯合的压电免疫传感器新型固定化方法

提出了一种基于金属离子螯合作用的压电免疫传感器新型固定化方法. 先在压电石英晶振表面沉积正丁胺等离子体聚合膜(BA-PPF), 再在BA-PPF表面修饰可与金属离子螯合的氨三乙酸基团, 用金属铜离子活化后, 修饰了二乙三胺五乙酸基团的IgG抗体蛋白质分子即可螯合固定于BA-PPF上. 将固定了抗体的压电石英传感器用于正常人免疫球蛋白IgG (NHIgG)的测定, 其频率响应与NHIgG浓度在0.36～63.8 μg/mL范围内存在良好的线性关系. 这种新型压电免疫传感器固定化方法简单快速, 具有良好的通用性.     

纳米电化学生物传感器

纳米电化学生物传感器是将纳米材料作为一种新型的生物传感介质,与特异性分子识别物质如酶、抗原/抗体、DNA等相结合,并以电化学信号为检测信号的分析器件。本文简要介绍了生物传感器的分类和纳米材料在电化学生物传感器中的应用及其优势,综述了近年来各类纳米电化学生物传感器在生物检测方面的研究进展,包括纳米颗粒生物传感器,纳米管、纳米棒、纳米纤维与纳米线生物传感器,以及纳米片与纳米阵列生物传感器等。