交货批阴极铜取制样方法对铁含量影响的研究

阴极铜的取样和制样过程对检测结果中铁元素含量影响较大,按照标准中规定抽取铜板的方法能够满足取样精密度的要求。不同的清理表面、钻取方式,钻头材质、制样方法以及除铁步骤等对检测结果中铁元素含量的影响较大,利用扫描电子显微镜和X-射线能谱仪对样品中铁的污染物进行了研究,得出了影响铁元素含量变化的原因,提出了采用钨钢钻头,严格清洗研磨设备、四步法除铁和调整检测样品的称取量等方法来降低阴极铜取制样过程中铁污染的具体措施。     

飞行时间质谱仪固体样品自动进样系统研制

以常规型飞行时间质谱仪为基础,通过配置移动平台、样品杆、工业相机、LED灯源、工业显示屏等部件,研制了一套飞行时间质谱仪用固体样品自动进样系统,实现了固体有机样品的直接进样分析。该装置具有一定的普适性,可为相关实验室设备升级改造提供借鉴和参考。该装置可进行难溶未知有机化合物的结构剖析,实现目标物的快速筛查,且操作人员可实时观测锥孔处样品状态并可软件操控进样位置,实现人机分离的自动化测试。     

样本区间的概率分布

设(X1，X2，…Xn)为服从I=[0,1]上均匀分布的容量为n的简单随机样本，它们将I=[0，1]分隔成(n 1)个样本区间(sample spacing)．记Y0,Y1，…Yn分别为这些样本区间的长度，又设Zx(x,ω)为包含点X∈I的唯一的左闭右开区间的长度．由于随机选取的点集被广泛运用于许多概率模型中．例如流行病学、遗传学、时间序列分析以及交通流理论等．因此，对Zn(x)及其相关统计量分布的研究也就引起了人们的广泛关注．本文利用顺序统计量的性质讨论了Yi(O≤i≤n)以及Zn(x，ω)的概率分布，有利于今后对上述理论的研究。     

一类特殊分块矩阵为循环矩阵的循环分块矩阵的几个性质

本文给出一类特殊分块矩阵为循环矩阵的循环分块矩阵的几个性质。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地质样品中Cu和Zn的干扰研究

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法标准模式测定地质样品中Cu和Zn时,样品溶液中Ti在高温下易形成TiO⁺和TiOH⁺产生离子重叠干扰,使测定值偏离真值而影响测定结果。采用氢氟酸-高氯酸-硝酸消解、王水复溶样品,通过多级在线校正⁴⁶Ti¹⁶O⁺,消除TiO⁺和TiOH⁺离子重叠干扰,研究了单质Ti与⁴⁶Ti¹⁶O⁺、质荷比63、64、65、66离子间存在的关系,建立了一种电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地质样品中Cu和Zn的分析方法。结果表明：单质Ti对Cu和Zn产生的干扰值与其质量浓度呈非简单的正相关性,TiO⁺产生的干扰离子质荷比65离子强度比63高,质荷比64离子强度比66高;⁴⁶Ti¹⁶O⁺对质荷比63、66离子干扰增量值与单质Ti质量浓度变化无关;^6...     

Analytical Methods for the Determination of 90Sr and 239,240Pu in Environmental Samples

Artificial long-lived radionuclides such as ⁹⁰Sr and ^239,240Pu have been long released into the environment by human nuclear activities, which have a profound impact on the ecological environment. It is of great significance to monitor the concentration of these radionuclides for environmental safety. This paper summarizes and critically discusses the separation and measurement methods for ultra-trace determination of ⁹⁰Sr, ²³⁹Pu, and ²⁴⁰Pu in the environment. After selecting the measurement method, it is necessary to consider the decontamination of the interference from matrix elements and the key elements, and this involves the choice of the separation method. Measurement methods include both radiometric methods and non-radiometric methods. Radiometric methods, including alpha spectroscopy, liquid scintillation spectrometry, etc., are commonly used methods for measuring ^239+240Pu and ⁹⁰Sr. Mass spectrometry, as the representative of non-radiometric measurement methods, has been regarded as the most promising analytical method due to its high absolute sensitivity, low detection limit, and relatively short sample-analysis time. Through the comparison of various measurement methods, the future development trend of radionuclide measurement is prospected in this review. The fully automatic and rapid analysis method is a highlight. The new mass spectrometer with ultra-high sensitivity shows strong analytical capabilities for extremely low concentrations of ⁹⁰Sr, ²³⁹Pu, and ²⁴⁰Pu, and it is expected to develop determination methods with higher sensitivity and lower detection limit.     

Determination of Pesticide Ethion by Linear Sweep Stripping Voltammetry

IntroductionOrganophosphorus pesticides( OPPs) are widelyused in agriculture as insecticides, but they are foundto contaminate agricultural products such as fruits andvegetables to variable extents. Because of their toxicproperties[1,2]and the potential r…     

一种用于冶金炉前快速分析的新仪器——激光诱导击穿光谱仪

冶金炼钢要求快速分析冶金炉前样品来及时掌握冶炼过程。文章介绍了自主研制的一种新型的光谱仪——激光诱导击穿光谱仪,该仪器采用ns级脉宽的Nd∶YAG激光器作为样品离子化光源,激光聚焦样品表面激发产生的等离子体光谱依次经帕邢-龙格光学系统进行分光、光电倍增管探测、门控积分器积分、模拟数字转换器转换后获得的最终结果输入计算机进行数据处理。和目前冶金炉前样品分析常用的光谱仪相比,该仪器无需样品预处理,分析速度快(1 min或更少),准确灵敏度高,非常适用于冶金炉前样品的快速分析。近年来随着光纤技术的迅速发展,使用该仪器进行钢液实时在线分析和动态控制冶金工艺必将成为现实。     

Nonlinear stochastic interacting dynamics and complexity of financial gasket fractal-like lattice percolation

A novel nonlinear stochastic interacting price dynamics is proposed and investigated by the bond percolation on Sierpinski gasket fractal-like lattice, aim to make a new approach to reproduce and study the complexity dynamics of real security markets. Fractal-like lattices correspond to finite graphs with vertices and edges, which are similar to fractals, and Sierpinski gasket is a well-known example of fractals. Fractional ordinal array entropy and fractional ordinal array complexity are introduced to analyze the complexity behaviors of financial signals. To deeper comprehend the fluctuation characteristics of the stochastic price evolution, the complexity analysis of random logarithmic returns and volatility are preformed, including power-law distribution, fractional sample entropy and fractional ordinal array complexity. For further verifying the rationality and validity of the developed stochastic price evolution, the actual security market dataset are also studied with the same statistical methods for comparison. The empirical results show that this stochastic price dynamics can reconstruct complexity behaviors of the actual security markets to some extent.     

The notion of variable quantities ω in Bolzano's early works

Amid the debate over infinitesimals, Bolzano introduced the alternative notion of variable quantities ω in his 1816 work on the binomial theorem. It has often been assumed that his 1817 definition of continuity using them is practically the modern one. This paper explores Bolzano's early mathematical works and diaries to gain insight into the subtleties in his definition of ω and some of his mathematical procedures. We show that those quantities are not clearly ‘proto-Weierstrassian’ and argue that Bolzano was in the process of refinement and increasing abstraction of the idea of quantity that eventually led to the development of a theory of real numbers.