快速测定CODcr的研究

对以往经典的测定水样ＣＯＤｃｒ的方法进行了改进，研究了消解时间与酸度的关系，确定了最佳条件，并确定了用硝酸银沉淀氯离子，消除氯离子的干扰取有毒的硫酸汞是可行的。     

Rapid on-line analysis of low molecular weight hydrocarbons using glass capillary gas chromatography

Rapid analysis is important for on-line chromatography. Gaseous or vaporized samples have been injected via heated gas sampling valves of less than 500 μl dead volume. The critical sampling and split problems could be solved by temperature programming. The general analysis described could be successfully used inter alia in scouting reactions.     

机械润滑油中含水量的高速分析

因生产现场需要，试验在参照国外气量法快速测定润滑油含水量的基础上，用自制的设备进行试验，成功地摸索出一种高速分析方法，整个反应过程中在３ｍｉｎ２０ｓ内结束。通过对含水量压力之间相互关系的回归分析，得到几种机械润滑油可共同适用的回归方程，总结出温度变化对试验结果的影响，并通过与蒸馏法的平行比较，验证了方法的先进和可行笥。     

用数字离子阱进行快速质量分析

利用数字离子阱技术进行样品的快速质量分析.在样品离子被引入离子阱的过程中,同时扫描数字射频工作电压的频率和离子共振偶极电压的频率,使得离子在进入离子阱质量分析器后,立即被相应的共振偶极电压所共振激发而逐出离子阱,并被离子探测器测量到.本方法相较于传统离子阱分析过程省去了离子引入、离子冷却和离子清空3个阶段,减少了约3/4的实验分析时间.通过对扫描速度、离子门电压参数的优化,数字束缚射频频率从1000～ 400 kHz线性扫描,扫描速度为2385 Th/s,离子门电压为9V,对利血平(m/z 609),精氨酸(m/z 174)等样品的进行测试,离子信号强度达到最优.结果表明,利用本方法可以获得与离子阱质量分析传统方法相同的质谱结果.     

Analysis of wheat extracts for ochratoxin A by molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction and pulsed elution

A molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) method has been developed for the rapid analysis of wheat extracts for ochratoxin A (OTA). Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) particles were synthesized from N-phenylacrylamide (PAM) and slurry-packed into a micro-column for selective solid-phase extraction (SPE) of OTA. With water flowing at 0.5 mL min^–1, a total binding capacity of 30 ng OTA was determined for the 20 mg of MIP particles. MISPE conditions were optimized using OTA in methanol/acetic acid (99:1 v/v). Nearly 100% binding could be achieved from one 20-L injection of sample containing up to 30 ng of OTA. Pulsed elution (PE) using methanol/triethylamine (99:1 v/v) was good for the quantitative desorption of OTA. The MISPE–PE method, with fluorescence detection at _ex=385 nm and _em=445 nm, afforded a detection limit of 5.0 ng mL^–1 (or 0.1 ng in 20 L of sample injected) for OTA. Recovery of OTA from wheat extracts was 103±3%. Each MISPE–PE analysis required less than 5 min to complete.     

Rapid screening of bioactive compounds from natural products by integrating 5-channel parallel chromatography coupled with on-line mass spectrometry and microplate based assays

A high throughput method was developed for rapid screening and identification of bioactive compounds from traditional Chinese medicine, marine products and other natural products. The system, integrated with five-channel chromatographic separation and dual UV–MS detection, is compatible with in vitro 96-well microplate based bioassays. The stability and applicability of the proposed method was validated by testing radical scavenging capability of a mixture of seven known compounds (rutin, dihydroquercetin, salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B, glycyrrhizic acid, rubescensin A and tangeretin). Moreover, the proposed method was successfully applied to the crude extracts of traditional Chinese medicine and a marine sponge from which 12 bioactive compounds were screened and characterized based on their anti-oxidative or anti-tumor activities. In particular, two diterpenoid derivatives, agelasine B and (−)-agelasine D, were identified for the first time as anti-tumor compounds from the sponge Agelas mauritiana, showing a considerable activity toward MCF-7 cells (IC₅₀ values of 7.84 ± 0.65 and 10.48 ± 0.84 μM, respectively). Our findings suggested that the integrated system of 5-channel parallel chromatography coupled with on-line mass spectrometry and microplate based assays can be a versatile and high efficient approach for the discovery of active compounds from natural products.     

Fast determination of milk fat content using Raman spectroscopy

In our work, we have demonstrated the capability of VIS Raman spectroscopy in combination with partial least square regression (PLS) as a rapid technique for direct milk fat determination. Raman spectra of milk samples revealed contributions from proteins, but mainly from their fat content with different spectral characteristics. Three different methods of sample preparations were applied: (i) liquid milk contained in an open dish, (ii) dried milk droplets on glass plates covered with Al foil, and (iii) liquid milk contained in quartz cuvettes. Methods (i) and (ii) showed a good PLS model for milk fat prediction with low root mean square errors and high correlation coefficients. The main advantage of milk sample contained in the dish lies in its simplicity as well as the fact that the open container maximizes the signal of interest avoiding background contributions. Our results show that Raman spectroscopy is suited for in-line monitoring purposes.     

微波等离子体常压解吸电离质谱法快速检测化学药剂中的活性成分

构建了一种新型电离源--微波等离子体常压解吸电离源, 等离子体由微波等离子体炬产生, 工作气体为Ar气, 微波频率为2450 MHz, 该离子源可在大气压下产生稳定的等离子体. 将该电离源与具有大气压接口的Corsair API-TOF型飞行时间质谱仪结合, 实现了化学药剂中单一或多种主要活性成分的快速分析, 在手动进样条件下, 检测速度可达每小时360次. 在微波等离子体环境下, 活性物质成盐时母体化合物上结合的酸性物质可被直接除掉, 谱图中主要离子为母体化合物的准分子离子[M+H]⁺, 便于识别. 微波等离子体常压解吸电离质谱法无需化学试剂, 具有实时、 快速及无污染等特点, 为药剂研发及化学工业提供了一种新的检测技术.     

葛花中异黄酮类化学成分的RRLC-Q-TOF MS/MS研究

采用快速分离液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱联用(RRLC-Q-TOF MS/MS)技术对葛花中的异黄酮类成分进行了研究, 得到了相应化合物的保留时间、 分子量及结构信息. 研究结果表明, 葛花水提取液的主要成分为异黄酮类及其苷类化合物, 并含有皂苷类和酚类化合物. 在葛花中首次发现同属植物狐尾葛特有化合物Alopecuroides A和葛根中的化合物3'-甲氧基大豆苷元-7-O-甲醚. 讨论了异黄酮类化合物的质谱碎裂途径及规律.     

整体柱-金复合基底的制备及其在色素SERS检测的应用

研究工作主要以多孔整体柱材料作为SERS基底,赤藓红作为研究对象,通过调整不同实验条件获得最佳SERS增强效果,其中包括体系酸碱度及混合时间等,最终选取了最佳pH值5.06,混合时间25 min。对比了其与传统金胶基底的增强效果,利用该实验条件将整体柱基底应用于SERS检测色素赤藓红,对不同浓度的赤藓红样品进行SERS检测,对赤藓红的的检测限可达到0.1 μg·mL-1。该方法利用了金纳米粒子在整体柱介孔材料的有效负载,形成的结构有利用SERS信号的增强,并且具有制作简单,稳定性好等特点,为SERS技术应用于违禁添加色素的快速筛查提供了有利的理论基础。