“课前六备、课中六讲、课后六辅”在线课程混合式教学模式研究与实践——以基于“雨课堂+钉钉直播”的中等无机化学课程为例

Taking the online teaching of "inorganic chemistry" course at Dezhou University as an example, the "six steps before class, six steps in class, six steps after class" online course teaching model based on "Rain Class + Dingding Live" and an online "short class" were constructed. The main content and implementation methods of teaching design, teaching process, teaching effect, teaching reflection, teaching evaluation in online course teaching were discussed. It has been proved in practice that this model can effectively improve students' learning interest and enhance teaching effects.     

Practice of vehicle soiling investigations: A review

Recent progress concerning experimental and numerical methods for practical investigations of vehicle soiling are reviewed in this paper. Wind tunnel tests and available measurement techniques are analyzed and compared with respect to their possible applications and to the results they may deliver. Different computational models for liquid films generated by spray impingement on vehicle surfaces are then considered. Models relying either on a dispersed or on a continuous approach are compared, resulting advantages and shortcomings are discussed. It is finally shown that, in spite of considerable progress during the last years, substantial work remains to be done in order to capture the complexity of real film flow dynamics for an accurate representation of wetting processes, film separation and break-up interacting with turbulent flows.     

离子色谱法测定大气降雨中的阴离子

用离子色谱法测定酸雨中各种阴离子,现场调查了校园内酸雨污染情况,结果表明：校园内少数区域的雨水中存在F-超标现象,绝大部分区域硫酸盐、氯化物、硝酸盐、氟化物含量极低,达到国家地面水环境质量一类标准。本法与化学分析法相比,具有快速、准确、简便的特点,F-、Cl-、NO3-和SO42-的检出限分别为0.02、0.04、0.07、0.09mg.L-1,各阴离子标准加入回收率在96.4%—103.4%之间,可满足环保分析中常见阴离子的分析要求。     

Numerical investigation of the coupled interaction between an unsteady aerodynamic flow field and a water film coating on a circular cylinder

Rain–wind induced vibration is an aeroelastic phenomenon that occurs on the inclined cables of cable-stayed bridges and arises due to the interaction between the unsteady wind loading and the formation of water rivulets on the cable surface. A new numerical method has been developed at the University of Strathclyde to simulate the influence of the external flow field on the rivulet dynamics and vice versa. The approach is to couple a Discrete Vortex Method solver to determine the external flow field and unsteady aerodynamic loading, and a pseudo-spectral solver based on lubrication theory to model the evolution and growth of the water rivulets on the cable surface under external loading. Results of this coupled model are presented, to provide detailed information on the development of water rivulets and their interaction with the aerodynamic field. In particular, the effect of the initial water film thickness and the angle of attack in plane on the resulting rivulets are investigated. The results are consistent with previous full scale and experimental observations with rivulets forming on the upper surface of the cable only in configurations where rain–wind induced vibration has been observed. Additionally, the thickness of the lower rivulet is found to be self-limiting in all configurations. The results demonstrate that the model can be used to enhance the understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of rain–wind-induced vibration.     

Improving speech intelligibility in classrooms through the mirror image model

Optimal classroom acoustical design can directly enhance students’ learning efficiency. Effective acoustical designs are important and necessary to achieve a high degree of speech intelligibility for listeners. A speech intelligibility metric, U₅₀, at different receiver positions in a classroom of 10 m × 8 m × 6 m was obtained by numerical simulations based on the mirror image model, with and without the uniform surface absorption coefficient. Comparisons show that increasing the absorption coefficient at the back wall can increase the speech intelligibility metric U₅₀ to the largest extent in the classroom. A numerical case study was then conducted in a typical classroom of 10 m × 10 m × 3.5 m, and the speech intelligibility was assessed through a third-order polynomial of Wonyoung and Murray [Wonyoung Y, Murray H. Auralization study of optimal reverberation times for speech intelligibility for normal and hearing-impaired listeners in classrooms with diffuse sound field. J Acoust Soc Am 2006;120(2):801-7].     

元素化学课堂教学的设计：碳的结构与性能及其应用

以"碳的结构与性能及其应用"为例说明元素化学课堂教学中的方法,引导学生在复习碳元素的结构与性质的基础上,组织学生开展课堂讨论,引导学生对不断涌现的新型碳材料的关注和兴趣。同时,分组讨论碳氧化物的结构与化学性质之间关系及其有效利用,即模拟光合作用实现CO2的光催化还原和基于费托合成实现CO为原料制备燃料,鼓励和推进学生开展碳材料及其应用的本科生科研训练,实现课堂知识与科学研究衔接。     

在无机化学教学中培养学生的创新思维

根据无机化学授课对象的特点,结合无机化学教学心得,分别以水的电化学稳定窗口、配位化学的发展史及铝离子浓度的测定为例,讲述了科学研究、化学史、实践与教学内容相结合对提高教学效果、培养学生创新思维的作用。     

有机化学在线课堂教学实践探索

2020年春季学期受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响,全国各地高校的教学工作无法正常开展。我校积极响应教育部提出的"停课不停教、停课不停学"要求,利用"雨课堂"和"腾讯会议"等教学软件对学生进行在线课堂教学。本文以有机化学教学为例,介绍了在线课堂教学的实施过程和教学效果。针对在线课堂教学的特殊性,改变教学模式,确保教学工作正常有序进行。     

Tracing fourth graders’ learning of fractions: early episodes from a year-long teaching experiment

Considerable and significant research¹ has been conducted focusing on what students know about fraction ideas.² However, much of the research looks at student understanding following some instruction. The research³ reported in this paper differs from other studies in three significant ways: (1) the students were 9- and 10-year-old fourth graders; (2) they had not yet had an introduction to operational rules and definitions about fractions; and (3) the research design emphasized a student-centered approach. The research is based on the view that given particular conditions in which students are invited to work together and conduct thoughtful investigations with appropriate materials, they can build fundamental mathematical ideas.     

Nitrate ion-sensitive field effect transistor based on bis(bathocuproin)-copper(I) nitrate dissolved in solid solvents

Nitrate-selective ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) were prepared by dip-coating the silica gate insulator surface with an ion exchanger based on bis(bathocuproin)-copper(I) nitrate in a molten mixture of docosan 1-ol and Triphenylphosphate. This sensor showed a linear response from 10⁻¹ mol dm⁻³ to at least 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³ and maintained its response characteristics for as long as 5 weeks. The selectivity sequence for common anions such as Cl0−₄ and Cl− followed the conventional Hofmeister series. This sensor was applied to rain water analysis.