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21.
This paper introduces a simple model for prediction of one electron reduction potential [E(RNO2/R ? NO2–)] of various nitroaryl compounds. The new method uses energy difference between highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) in gas phase at the B3LYP/6‐311++G** level (ΔEHOMO‐LUMO) and some structural parameters. It was used for 35 nitroaryl compounds including nitrobenzenes, nitrofurans, 2‐nitroimidazoles, 4‐nitroimidazoles, 5‐ninuintidazoles, nitroazaindoles, nitroacridines, and miscellaneous nitroaryl compounds. The root mean square (rms) percent deviation and the average absolute error of predictions of E(RNO2/R ? NO2–) relative to experiment were decreased from 12.4 % and 0.42 V to 3.5 % and 0.11 V, respectively, upon consideration of several structural parameters. Increment of the value of ΔEHOMO‐LUMO and inclusion of specific polar groups can increase thermodynamic stability of these compounds. 相似文献
22.
Ivan V. Smolyaninov Natalia A. Antonova Susanna A. Smolyaninova Nadezhda T. Berberova 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2011,696(13):2611-2620
The radical scavenging effect of the substituted catecholates (1-3, 6) and o-amidophenolates (4, 5) of triphenylantimony(V) in reactions with DPPH• radical and in a process of oleic acid peroxidation was studied in details. Complexes 1-6 show the high activity in radical scavenging reactions with DPPH• radical leading to disappearance of radical species. Complexes were demonstrated to be high-efficient inhibitors of chain-radical process of the peroxidation of oleic acid as well as the effective destructors of the formed hydroperoxides. It was found that the effectiveness of complexes studied in the inhibition of the peroxidation of oleic acid depends on the first oxidation potential of complex. 相似文献
23.
Helian Li Yongxin Zhang Xiaoxiao Yang Zhenxi Deng Zhimin Zhu Pan Zhou Xinke Ouyang Yuting Yuan Xi Chen Lingyue Yang Meng Liu Prof. Dr. Chao Shu 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(15):e202300159
Despite the significance of sultines in synthesis, medicine, and materials science, the chemistry of sultines has remained unexplored due to their inaccessibility. Herein, we demonstrate the development of a photoredox-catalyzed multifluoromethyl radical addition/SO2 incorporation/polar cyclization cascade approach to multifluoromethylated γ-sultines. The reactions proceed by single electron transfer induced multifluoromethyl radical addition to an alkene followed by SO2 incorporation, and single-electron reduction for polar 5-exo-tet cyclization. Key to the success of the protocol is the use of easily oxidizable multifluoroalkanesulfinates as bifunctional reagents. The reactions proceed with excellent functional-group tolerance to deliver γ-sultines in moderate to excellent yields. 相似文献
24.
Xiaoyang Chen Dannan Zheng Linye Jiang Zhiguo Wang Xinyu Duan Dong Cui Shuang Liu Yuan Zhang Xiaomin Yu Jingyan Ge Jian Xu 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(23):e202218140
Chiral sulfones are recurrent motifs in pharmaceuticals and bioactive molecules. Although chemical methods have been developed to afford α- or β- chiral sulfones, these protocols rely heavily on the pre-synthesis of structurally complicated starting materials and chiral metal complexes. Herein, we described a photoenzymatic approach for the radical-mediated stereoselective hydrosulfonylation. Engineered variants of ene reductases provide efficient biocatalysts for this transformation, enabling to achieve a series of β-chiral sulfonyl compounds with high yields (up to 92 %) and excellent e.r. values (up to 99 : 1). 相似文献
25.
Priv.-Doz. Dr. Rajendra S. Ghadwal 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(36):e202304665
Classical N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) featuring the carbene center at the C2-position of 1,3-imidazole framework (i.e. C2-carbenes) are well acknowledged as very versatile neutral ligands in molecular as well as in materials sciences. The efficiency and success of NHCs in diverse areas is essentially attributed to their persuasive stereoelectronics, in particular the potent σ-donor property. The NHCs with the carbene center at the unusual C4 (or C5) position, the so-called abnormal NHCs (aNHCs) or mesoionic carbenes (iMICs), are however superior σ-donors than C2-carbenes. Hence, iMICs have substantial potential in sustainable synthesis and catalysis. The main obstacle in this direction is rather demanding synthetic accessibility of iMICs. The aim of this review article is to highlight recent advances, particularly by the author's research group, in accessing stable iMICs, quantifying their properties, and exploring their applications in synthesis and catalysis. In addition, the synthetic viability and use of vicinal C4,C5-anionic dicarbenes (ADCs), also based on an 1,3-imidazole framework, are presented. As will be apparent on following pages, iMICs and ADCs hold potentials in pushing the limit of classical NHCs by enabling access to conceptually new main-group heterocycles, radicals, molecular catalysts, ligands sets, and more. 相似文献
26.
Dr. Yusuke Imamura Kyohei Takaoka Yuma Komori Dr. Masanori Nagatomo Prof. Dr. Masayuki Inoue 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(10):e202219114
Taxol is a clinically used drug for the treatment of various types of cancers. Its 6/8/6/4-membered ring (ABCD-ring) system is substituted by eight oxygen functional groups and flanked by four acyl groups, including a β-amino acid side chain. Here we report a 34-step total synthesis of this unusually oxygenated and intricately fused structure. Inter- and intramolecular radical coupling reactions connected the A- and C-ring fragments and cyclized the B-ring, respectively. Functional groups of the A- and C-rings were then efficiently decorated by employing newly developed chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective reactions. Finally, construction of the D-ring and conjugation with the β-amino acid delivered taxol. The powerful coupling reactions and functional group manipulations implemented in the present synthesis provide new valuable information for designing multistep target-oriented syntheses of diverse bioactive natural products. 相似文献
27.
Daniel Käch Aurelio C. Gasser Lionel Wettstein Clara Schweinzer Prof. Dr. Máté J. Bezdek 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(29):e202304600
Main group systems capable of undergoing controlled redox events at extreme potentials are elusive yet highly desirable for a range of organic electronics applications including use as energy storage media. Herein we describe phosphine oxide-functionalized terthiophenes that exhibit two reversible 1e− reductions at potentials below −2 V vs Fc/Fc+ (Fc=ferrocene) while retaining high degrees of stability. A phosphine oxide-functionalized terthiophene radical anion was synthesized in which the redox-responsive nature of the platform was established using combined structural, spectroscopic, and computational characterization. Straightforward structural modification led to the identification of a derivative that exhibits exceptional stability during bulk 2 e− galvanostatic charge–discharge cycling and enabled characterization of a 2 e− redox series. A new multi-electron redox system class is hence disclosed that expands the electrochemical cell potential range achievable with main group electrolytes without compromising stability. 相似文献
28.
Tianze Zhang Prof. Dr. Hanmin Huang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(45):e202310114
The catalytic C(sp3)−C(sp3) coupling of alkyl halides and tertiary amines offers a promising tool for the rapid decoration of amine skeletons. However, this approach has not been well established, partially due to the challenges in precisely distinguishing and controlling the reactivity of amine-coupling partners and their product homologues. Herein, we developed a metal-free photocatalytic system for the aminomethylation of alkyl halides through radical-involved C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond formation, allowing for the synthesis of sterically congested tertiary amines that are of interest in organic synthesis but not easily prepared by other methods. Mechanistic studies disclosed that sterically hindered N-substituents are key to activate the amine coupling partners by tuning their redox potentials to drive the reaction forward. 相似文献
29.
Jannik Reimler Xiao-Ye Yu Nico Spreckelmeyer Constantin G. Daniliuc Armido Studer 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(27):e202303222
The Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction, which belongs to the class of electrophilic aromatic substitutions is a highly valuable and versatile reaction in synthesis. Regioselectivity is predictable and determined by electronic as well as steric factors of the (hetero)arene substrate. Herein, a radical approach for the acylation of arenes and heteroarenes is presented. C−H acylation is achieved through mild cooperative photoredox/NHC radical catalysis with the cross-coupling of an arene radical cation with an NHC-bound ketyl radical as a key step. As compared to the classical Friedel–Crafts acylation, a regiodivergent outcome is observed upon switching from the ionic to the radical mode. In these divergent reactions, aroyl fluorides act as the acylation reagents in both the ionic as well as the radical process. 相似文献
30.
Yapei Gao Zheming Liu Dr. Tao Li Prof. Wanxiang Zhao 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(49):e202314006
Mixed-valence (MV) dimers have been extensively investigated, however, the structure and properties of purely organic MV trimers based on open-shell polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons remain elusive. Herein, unprecedented MV BN-doped corannulene radical cations [ BN-Cor1 ]3⋅⋅2+ ⋅ 2[BArylF4]− and [ BN-Cor2 ]3⋅⋅2+ ⋅ 2[BArylF4]− were synthesized via chemical oxidation, and their structures were unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. These uncommon radical cations consist of three corannulene cores and two [BArylF4]− anions, and three corannulene motifs [ BN-Cor1 ]3⋅⋅2+ and [ BN-Cor2 ]3⋅⋅2+ in the unit cell exhibit a trimer structure with a slipped π-stacking configuration. Detailed structural analyses further revealed that the corannulene cores exhibit an infinite layered self-assembly configuration, allowing their potential applications as building blocks for molecular conductors. The detection of a forbidden transition (Δms=±2) by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy further confirmed the existence of two unpaired electrons in the π-trimers and the MV characteristic of these two species. Variable-temperature EPR and conductivity measurements suggested that the BN-doped π-trimers exhibited antiferromagnetic coupling and conductivity properties. 相似文献