导电高分子薄膜修饰电极的研究I. 聚吡咯薄膜电极的电化学合成及行为

利用在水溶液中的电化学聚合制备了聚吡咯烷、薄膜修饰电极. 讨论了对电化聚合的影响因素及薄膜修饰电极在不同电解质中的伏安特性, 从X-射线光电子能谱推测, 在吡咯的电化聚合过程中氧的参加引起在聚吡咯烷膜的结构中有羰基和羟基的生成.     

TRANSAMIDATION IN THE in situ BLENDING OF POLYAMIDE 1212 WITH POLYAMIDE 6 THROUGH ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION OF CAPROLACTAM

20 wt% polyamide 12(PA1212)pellets were dissolved in molten caprolactam.The caprolactam was then catalyzed at 180℃and polymerized by means of anionic ring-opening polymerization to produce in situ blends of the resultant polyamide 6(PA6)and PA1212.Mechanical blends with same ingredient were prepared through melt blending on a twin-screw extruder.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observation revealed that contrary to the mechanical blends with small spherulites embedded in the matrix,no phase-separation existed in the in situ blends.The results of thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)showed that single melting peak and crystallization peak existed for the in situ blends,while two melting and crystallization peaks appeared for the mechanical blends.The in situ blend film and the mixed blend film,both cast from a dilute formic acid solution with a concentration of 0.5 g/L,remained similar crystallization and melting behavior as above.It is proved by solution ~(13)C-NMR analysis that transamidation took place during the in situ blending,and it is suggested that the combination of temperature increasing and the basic surrounding derived from NaOH during polymerization resulted in the occurrence of transamidation.Furthermore,it is proposed that the interchange reaction between PA1212 and PA6 also resulted from the degradative reaction during the anionic polymerization.     

固态二乙炔拓扑聚合反应动力学的量子化学研究

利用协同反应模型和EHCO-ASED量子化学方法, 对固态二乙炔的拓扑聚合反应:MDA(Molecular diacetylenes)→PBT(Polybutatrienes)→PDA(Polydiacetylenes)的势能曲线进行了计算, 并对其轨道对称性以及能隙随反应坐标的变化进行了分析; 很好地解决了文献中用Woodward-Hoffmann轨道对称守恒原理对此反应进行分析时所遇到的问题, 指出了此反应是热允许的原因。     

化学诱导动态核极化在光诱导自由基反应中的应用

介绍了化学诱导动态核极化(CIDNP)的原理以及在光诱导自由基反应机理研究方面的应用。     

新型两亲性生物降解聚酯单体的合成及其开环聚合

以3-氯代丙二醇为起始原料,通过3-苄氧基甘油酸(3-O-BGA)为中间体,首次合成了作为一种新型聚羟基酸前体的,具有苄氧保护基的六元环状二交酯—3-苄氧次甲基-1,4-二氧六环-2,5-二酮(3-BMG)。该单体具有通常交酯的聚合特性,很容易以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,在140℃下开环聚合得到高分子量的聚合物。在双金属(Al/Zn)烷氧化合物引发体系下也能够进行开环聚合。所得聚合物在Pd/C催化下氢解,可以定量地去除苄基保护基,从而得到侧链带有羟基的新型功能性可生物降解聚酯。DSC实验结果显示脱保护的聚合物的玻璃化转化温度下降,并在120℃附近出现熔点。通过吸水率与动态接触角的测定,脱保护后聚合物的亲水性显著提高,明显高于传统的聚酯。     

聚4-乙烯基吡啶/SiO~2纳米杂化材料负载茂钛催化剂的制备 及苯乙烯聚合

以聚4-乙烯基吡啶(PVP)为有机组分,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为无机组分,利用sol-gel方法制得PVP/SiO~2纳米杂化材料,以此为载体制备了杂化材料负载单茂钛催化剂。利用XPS和IR分析了载体与CpTiCl~3的结合方式,确认对苯乙烯聚合有两种活性中心,苯乙烯聚合结果表明在50℃左右间规度达到最大;在70℃,n(Al)/n(Ti)=1500时活性最高可达1.09×10^6gPS/(molTi·h),GPC结果表明产物分子量分布呈双峰分布。     

Covalent attachment of polystyrene on multi-walled carbon nanotubes via nitroxide mediated polymerization

A new method to attach polymers on carbon nanotubes has been studied. We used nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP) to graft polystyrene from multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). Carboxyl groups on MWNTs were activated with thionyl chloride (SOCl₂) to give acyl chloride derivative (MWNT-COCl). NMP initiator was introduced to MWNT by esterification of 1-hydroxy-2-phenyl-2-(2′,2′, 6′, 6′-tetramethyl-1′-piperidinyloxy)ethane (HO-PE-TEMPO) with acyl chloride groups of MWNTs. The obtained MWNT-PE-TEMPO was used for initiation of bulk polymerization of styrene, yielding polystyrene-grafted MWNTs (MWNT-g-pSt). The resulting composites of MWNT-g-pSt were analyzed by TEM, SEM, FT-IR and TGA.     

Cr^3^+的水解聚合作用IV.两种"根+节"体系之间的过渡状态

The hydrolytic polymerization of chromium (III) ion in 0.040, 0.060, 0.080 and 0.160M Cr(NO3)3 solutions was studied pH-metrically in the medium of 0.5M NaNO3 at 40+/-1 C. The average number of OH- bound per Cr^3^+ at different pH was designated as Z, the gighest value of Z was found to be about 1.0. A family of curves of Z(pH)B, each at a definite concentration B of Cr(NO3)3, was obtained. The values of both B and pH were determined from the curves and a linear relationship between -lgB and pH was found for each value of Z. From the slope of each curve of-lgB(pH)z, a value of t was obtained, which increased from 1.51 to 2.06 when Z increased from 0.10 to 1.0. This implied that the polymerized hudrolysis products were of mixed types. The data of different Z value were treated by three different methods, namely, "core + links" method, project strip method and "homoligand formation constant" method. The results obtained showed the existence of "core + links" compounds not only with two hydroxyl bridges as Cr (Cr(OH)2)n^(^3^+^n^)^+(n = 1,2,3) but also with both one and two hydroxy bridges as Cr3(OH)3, indicating that the present system was a transition from t = 2 to t = 1. The hydrolysis constants of the above compounds are as follows: lgβ = -4.19, lgβ33 = -5.28, lgβ = -8.23, lgβ64 = 12.28. The above results are in agreement with those obtained at low and medium concentration of Cr(NO3)3. Furthermore, the constants obtained by means of different methods are in good agreement with each other as well as with those reported in previous papers.     

γ-辐照聚全氟乙丙烯的电子自旋共振研究 II: 真空中俘获自由基的自氧化过程

Autooxidation processes of free radicals trapped in γ irradiated F46 copolymer in vacuum at room temperature were studied by means of ESR. It is shown that these processes are under the dual control of both the diffusion of oxygen and the total concentration of free radicals, and they are independent of the autooxidation reaction rate constant. In general, the diffusion constant calculated by simple diffusion equation is an apparent diffusion constant, it is a function of the total concentration of free radicals. Only when the total concentration of free radicals is low enough (in our case n相似文献   

全氟和ω-H-全氟酰基过氧化物与C60的自由基加成反应——全氟和ω-H-全氟烷基化C60的合成

深入研究了C60与全氟酰基过氧化物的反应，通过变温EPR测试证实了此反应的 自由基加成机理．用色谱分析并结合产物的^19F NMR结构鉴定，首次发现由于加成 过程中发生的全氟烷基自由基的β—Scission，生成了新的氟烷基自由基，从而生 成了多种氟烷基化的C60．表面性能研究发现氟烷基化的C60具有优良的疏水、疏油 性．总之，利用C60与全氟酰基过氧化物的反应，成功地对C60进行了全氟烷基化修 饰．