Nd(OR)3-nCln-AlEt3催化体系对丁二烯的聚合 II.聚合物微观结构和催化剂诱导效应指数的关系

With a new series of binary catalyst Nd(OR)3-nCln-AlEt3 prepared in our laboratory, the effect to catalyst composition on the microstructure of polybutadiene was studied in detail. A linear relationship is found between the variation of the microstructure of the polymer obtained and the iductive effect index (I) which reprepresents the magnitude of the displacement of paired valence electrons on transition metal-halogen bond (MT-X) of the catalyst. This linear relationship also holds in dealing with the data published in the literature.     

γ辐照 聚全氟乙丙烯(F46)的电子自旋共振研究 I.真空中俘获自由基的定量研究

中图分类号:     

预辐射苯乙烯形成过氧化物组分结构及其引发活性研究

本文研究了苯乙烯在空气存在下的γ辐照。用硅胶柱层析分离在辐射总剂量为5×10^4Gy, 辐射剂量率分别为2.9, 0.7, 0.5和0.3Gy/s的条件下形成的过氧化物,发现剂量率在0.5Gy/s以上时产物都可分成三种组分, 而组分布随剂量率不同而异。当剂量率为0.3Gy/s时, 产物只包含单一的, 相当于第二组分的过氧化物。对剂量率为0.7Gy/s时生成的三种过氧化物组分用红外光谱, 核磁共振谱和质谱进行了组分结构测定及其引发活性测定, 发现具有交替结构的第二组分有较强发引发活性, 它在较低温度和较短时间内就能引发苯乙烯聚合, 获得分子量166578的聚合物。它还能引发其它乙烯类单体聚合, 且聚合过程较用BPO引发剂平稳。     

碳笼化学(下)

本文介绍并评述了碳笼化学的最新进展, 指出这是一个前景十分诱人的现代化学新兴领域。     

钼过氧配合物与HSO 在酸性溶液中的反应动力学和机理

用载流法研究了Mo~4O~12(O~2) [简作Mo~4(O~2)~2] 与HSO 在酸性条件(4×10^-3～0.5mol·dm^-3)下的反应动力学,并提出了反应机理.反应经历下列历程:Mo~4(O~2)~2+H~2O Mo~4(O~2)(OOH)(k~1,k~-1) Mo~4(O~2)(OOH)+HSO Mo~4(O~2)OOSO~2+H~2O(k~2,k~-2) Mo~4(O~2)OOSO~2+H~2O Mo~4(O~2)+H~2SO~4(k~1,k~-1)中间产物Mo~4(O~2)再以相同机理继续与HSO 反应.由机理,得到了[S(IV)/k~观察与[H^+],[S(IV)]之间的线性关系式以及20℃时的动力学参数:K~1=7.4±0.3dm^3·mol^-1·S^-1,k~-1/k~2=(5.8±0.5)×10^-2和k~-2/k~3=(1.4×0.8)×10^-4.配合物Mo~4(O~2)~2中(O~2)基质子化是决定反应速度的关键步骤.用此机理讨论了Thompson研究的 MoO(O~2)~2与HSO 的反应结果.     

p-硝基氯苯与α氰基乙酸乙酯-α-碳负离子的电子转移反应动力学研究: 非链式的自由基机理

在p-硝基氯苯(1)与α-氰基乙酰乙酯-α-碳负离子(2)的反应过程中, 测得了反应中间体p-硝基氯苯负离子自由基(3)的ESR谱。用ESR场/频联锁技术测定了(3)的ESR吸收强度-时间曲线, 当[1]《[2]时, 其结果与连续一级反应动力学相吻合。测得了从2向1的电子转移和3的分解反应速率常数和活化参数, 反应产物为α-氰基-α-(p-硝基苯基)乙酸乙酯和微量的硝基苯。为该反应提出了非链式的电子转移-负离子自由基分解-自由基偶合机理。     

Detection of a stable nitroxide during chemical depolymerization of heparin

The use of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) has become common, since compared to unfractionated heparin (UFH), they have a much longer plasma half-life and lower incidence of side effects. LMWHs are derived from the depolymerization of UFH, obtained either chemically, physically or enzymatically. We employed electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to study the depolymerization of UFH by copper in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. A stable nitroxide radical was detected. This could be generated by the hydroxyl radical attack either to the N-SO⁻₃ group or to free amino groups present in the UFH preparation.     

单电子转移反应 I.单电子转移反应引发的碳一氟键异裂——顺-1,2二苯基六氟环丁烷的烷氧基化脱氟取代反应

A novel reaction involving electron transfer and the breakage of a C-F bond has been investigated. In this reactio, 1, 2-diphenylhexafluorocyclobutane(1)reacts with i-PrONa to yield a substitution product 9. The reaction has to be photostimulated, and O2 and p-dinitrobenzene inhibit the reaction. Interestingly and unexpectedly, other alkoxides, viz. MeO-, EtO-, n-PrO- and t-BuO-, do not react with 1. Thus the reaction does not look like a SRN 1. However, the most amazing fact is: only the cis isomer of 1 reacts, whereas the trans isomer does not. Possibly, simultaneous breakage of α-C-H bond (in the i-PrO-) and formation of a (temporary) H-F bond is involved in a very tight transition state of the (caged?) reaction between the radical anion of 1 and the i-PrO.     

KINETIC ANALYSIS OF CO-CONDENSATION POLYMERIZATION OF AB2 AND AB MONOMERS

This work deals with the kinetics of co-condensation polymerization of AB2 and AB monomers, giving expressions of the two-dimensional molecular weight distribution function and the number/weight average molecular weights of the resulting copolymers. The two-dimensional molecular weight distribution depends on two indices, n and l, which are the respective numbers of AB2 and AB units in a copolymer species. The evolution of the two-dimensional weight and zdistributions during the co-condensation polymerization has been evaluated systematically. Finally, the two-dimensional distribution was transformed into a one-dimensional molecular weight distribution with only one variable (the molecular weight of the products instead of the degree of polymerization). The calculated results show that the highly branched copolymer has a very broad molecular weight distribution when the co-condensation polymerization approaches completion.