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41.
E. Katzav 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2006,54(2):137-140
In the paper the role of long range interactions on the
growth of a volume conserving surface is studied using the Nonlocal
Conserved Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (NCKPZ) equation. It is shown that
previous theoretical predictions are inconsistent with an exact
one-dimensional result. This serves as a motivation for construction
of a Self-Consistent Expansion (SCE) that recovers the exact
one-dimensional result, and gives the scaling exponents in higher
dimensions as well. A possible application of this result to
colloidal systems is discussed. 相似文献
42.
43.
本文把数学和管理科学有机结合,为数学应用提出问题,得出新结果,推广了J.Michel
Harrison(1985)[1]第43页的命题27,并给出了在金融中的应用. 相似文献
44.
C. Monthus T. Garel 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2006,53(1):39-45
The directed polymer in a 1+3 dimensional
random medium is known to present a disorder-induced phase
transition. For a polymer of length L, the high temperature
phase is characterized by a diffusive behavior for the end-point
displacement R2 ∼L and by free-energy fluctuations of order
ΔF(L) ∼O(1). The low-temperature phase is characterized by
an anomalous wandering exponent R2/L ∼Lω and
by free-energy fluctuations of order ΔF(L) ∼Lω
where ω∼0.18. In this paper, we first study the scaling
behavior of various properties to localize the critical temperature
Tc. Our results concerning R2/L and ΔF(L) point towards
0.76 < Tc ≤T2=0.79, so our conclusion is that Tc is equal
or very close to the upper bound T2 derived by Derrida and
coworkers (T2 corresponds to the temperature above which the ratio
remains finite as L ↦
∞). We then present histograms for the free-energy, energy and
entropy over disorder samples. For T ≫Tc, the free-energy
distribution is found to be Gaussian. For T ≪Tc, the free-energy
distribution coincides with the ground state energy distribution, in
agreement with the zero-temperature fixed point picture. Moreover the
entropy fluctuations are of order ΔS ∼L1/2 and follow a
Gaussian distribution, in agreement with the droplet predictions,
where the free-energy term ΔF ∼Lω is a near
cancellation of energy and entropy contributions of order L1/2. 相似文献
45.
Eric Cancès Renaud Keriven François Lodier Andreas Savin 《Theoretical chemistry accounts》2004,111(2-6):373-380
Efficient formulas for computing the probabilities of finding exactly electrons in an arbitrarily chosen volume 3 for Hartree–Fock wavefunctions are presented. These formulas allow the use of shape optimization techniques, such as level set methods, for optimizing with respect to various criteria involving such probabilities. The criterion defined as the difference between the Hartree–Fock and the independent-particle model probabilities of finding electrons in stresses the quantum effects due to the Pauli principle. We have implemented a 2D level set method for optimizing this criterion in order to study spatial separation of electron pairs in linear molecules. The method is described and the illustrative example of the BH molecule is reported.Contribution to the Jacopo Tomasi Honorary Issue 相似文献
46.
基于特征光谱的目标识别技术具有检出能力强,可分辨目标种类等优点,但也存在一定的问题,即需要事先获取背景光谱作为先验知识且要求背景光谱随时间的变化较小。由此限制了其在新环境、复杂环境中实时目标识别方面的应用。设计了一种采用磁光调制配合特征光谱分析的技术手段,使目标识别过程中无需事先获取背景谱,从而实现了一次采集获取被测目标信息的功能,相比传统的目标检测方法而言,对战场的适应能力更强,具有较好的实用意义。同时,磁光调制技术有效地抑制了背景杂散光的干扰,从而提高了目标识别概率。由于磁光调制提供了目标光谱的累加迭代信息,故即使未知背景光谱或者背景光谱变化较大时,也可以通过目标光谱的迭代信息大幅提高目标识别率。针对不同被测目标的回波光强与背景光强值进行实验分析,结果显示,三种目标对调制线偏振光的反射能力明显强于背景。采用伪装色的被测目标对可见光成像目标识别影响很大,而调制偏振型系统仍能很好地识别目标。在此基础上,对0.5~2 km范围内的目标进行多特征波长目标种类识别。采用三个特征波长时,目标识别概率在2 km左右明显降低,采用四个或五个特征波长位置时,可以实现95.0%以上的目标识别概率,同时为了降低运算量提高系统的实时检测能力,最终采用四个特征波长。 相似文献
47.
J. M. Davis 《Chromatographia》1996,42(7-8):367-377
Summary The application of statistical models of overlap (SMOs) to saturated separations is made possible by theory that addresses variable peak amplitudes. These amplitudes cause peak widths to vary, and this variation can be modeled by a random variable whose effect on the probability of overlap is expressed by a convolution integral. Modified probabilities of overlap are derived for both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous one-dimensional separations, and the new probabilities are compared to results determined from published computer simulations. The new theory can describe overlap at saturations that are 3 to 4 times larger than before. Previously reported experimental chromatograms are reinterpreted to show the capabilities of theory. The theoretical extension is an important step towards making SMOs into practical tools for screening analytical separations. 相似文献
48.
S. Wolfling Y. Kantor 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》1999,12(4):569-577
Distribution of loops in a one-dimensional random walk (RW), or, equivalently, neutral segments in a sequence of positive
and negative charges is important for understanding the low energy states of randomly charged polymers. We investigate numerically
and analytically loops in several types of RWs, including RWs with continuous step-length distribution. We show that for long
walks the probability density of the longest loop becomes independent of the details of the walks and definition of the loops.
We investigate crossovers and convergence of probability densities to the limiting behavior, and obtain some of the analytical
properties of the universal probability density.
Received 8 January 1999 相似文献
49.
Marta Sanz-Solé 《Journal of Functional Analysis》2008,255(1):255-281
We consider a stochastic wave equation in space dimension three driven by a noise white in time and with an absolutely continuous correlation measure given by the product of a smooth function and a Riesz kernel. Let pt,x(y) be the density of the law of the solution u(t,x) of such an equation at points (t,x)∈]0,T]×R3. We prove that the mapping (t,x)?pt,x(y) owns the same regularity as the sample paths of the process {u(t,x),(t,x)∈]0,T]×R3} established in [R.C. Dalang, M. Sanz-Solé, Hölder-Sobolev regularity of the solution to the stochastic wave equation in dimension three, Mem. Amer. Math. Soc., in press]. The proof relies on Malliavin calculus and more explicitly, the integration by parts formula of [S. Watanabe, Lectures on Stochastic Differential Equations and Malliavin Calculus, Tata Inst. Fund. Res./Springer-Verlag, Bombay, 1984] and estimates derived from it. 相似文献
50.
Davide Baccherini 《Discrete Mathematics》2008,308(18):4165-4176
We study some combinatorial properties of Tetris-like games by using Schützenberger methodology and probability generating functions. We prove that every Tetris-like game is equivalent to a finite state automaton and propose a straight foward algorithm to transform a Tetris-like game into its corresponding automaton. In this way, we can study the average number of pieces inserted during a game and the average score as a function of the player's ability and the pieces extrusion. 相似文献