A methodology for coupling DNS and discretised population balance for modelling turbulent precipitation

In this paper, we present a methodology for simulating nanoparticle formation in a turbulent flow by coupling Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) and population balance modelling. The population balance equation (PBE) is solved via a discretisation method employing a composite grid that provides sufficient detail over the wide range of particle sizes reached during the precipitation process. The coupled DNS/PBE approach captures accurately the strong interaction between the dynamics of turbulent mixing and particle formation processes. It also allows the calculation of the particle size distribution (PSD) of the product and enables an investigation on how it is controlled by turbulent mixing. Finally, it provides the statistics of kinetic processes and their timescales so that further analysis can be performed. The methodology is applied to the simulation of experiments of hydrodynamics and nanoparticle precipitation in a T-mixer (Schwertfirm et al., Int. J. of Heat and Fluid Flow 28, pp. 1429–1442; Schwarzer et al., Chem. Eng. Sci. 61, pp. 167–181), and the agreement with the experimental results is very good.     

锌汞合金汞含量测定方法的改进

对EDTA配位滴定法测定锌汞合金中汞含量中EDTA的加入量与溶液酸度进行了研究,并对该法进行条件优化。改进后克服了原方法的缺点,适用于汞含量在1％～25％的锌汞合金中汞含量的测定。     

毛细滴管数滴微型滴定法野外快速测定水中溶解氧

用毛细滴管数滴微型滴定法对水中溶解氧进行了现场快速测定。实验结果表明,该法的不确定度Urel(C)约为1.6%,与常量滴定法相当,符合国家标准。该法以自制的液滴体积为0.01~0.02 mL的聚乙烯毛细滴管就地进行滴定,避免了水样长期保存和运输中产生的误差。其主要仪器外形小巧、便于携带,滴定快速、准确,滴定剂用量仅为65~100滴,完全能够满足现场快速水质测定和野外水环境监测的需要。     

盐酸法测定γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷及其修饰的纳米二氧化硅表面氨基

建立了用盐酸乙醇标准溶液非水滴定γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APS)偶联剂及其修饰的二氧化硅纳米颗粒表面氨基的方法,探讨了滴定溶剂、指示剂对滴定结果的影响,并用电位滴定法对指示剂的终点进行了确定。实验表明:以乙醇作溶剂、百里酚兰作指示剂时,其准确度较高、精密度较好,对APS偶联剂工业样品(A)的回收率为99.40%~100.8%,RSD为0.1%;对APS修饰的二氧化硅纳米颗粒(B),其回收率为99.45%~102.2%,RSD为0.66%。该方法简便、快速,可作为APS含量及其二氧化硅纳米颗粒表面修饰的氨基含量测定的基本方法和企业生产控制与质量检测的方法,具有良好的应用前景。     

碘量法测定维生素C含量微型实验研究

对大学分析化学实验中维生素C的碘量法测定进行了微型化设计及可行性研究,与常量法比较,微型实验的精密度与准确度符合分析实验要求.     

EDTA容量法测定钙方法的优化研究

对EDTA测定Ca2 的不同方法进行了实验比较,并从溶液配制、所用指示剂、氢氧化钠加入量等方面进行了深入讨论,完善和优化了EDTA测定Ca2 的实验测定方法。该法适用于锂钙质量比≤1的天然水、地下水和卤水样品中钙的容量法测定。     

三嗪基苯胺桥联双环糊精的合成及其对染料分子的选择键合

通过N,N-二乙基-4-(二氯代-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)苯胺分别与单-[6-(乙二胺基)-6-脱氧]-β-环糊精和单-[6-(二乙烯三胺基)-6-脱氧]-β-环糊精反应合成了两种三嗪基苯胺桥联双环糊精, 采用荧光和紫外光谱滴定方法测定了它们在磷酸缓冲溶液中(25 ℃, pH＝7.2)与几种具有不同形状和电子密度的染料分子包结配位的稳定常数. 结果表明, 三嗪基苯胺桥联双环糊精不但对具有较大电子密度的三角形客体结晶紫给出了6～26倍于天然环糊精的配位稳定常数, 而且对结晶紫/中性红分子对给出了高的分子选择性(K_CV/K_NR＝23～31). 分子力学研究表明, 桥联双环糊精对客体分子的强键合能力主要源于两个环糊精空腔及桥链基团对客体分子的协同键合, 特别是桥链中三嗪基苯胺基团与客体之间的p-p相互作用.     

化学力显微镜对ω-巯基正十一胺自组装单分子膜的力滴定研究

采用化学力显微术（ＣＦＭ）研究了一种长链氨基自组装单分子膜的力滴定性质,考察了表面基团性质不同的力探针对力滴定的影响,滴定了金包覆的Ｓｉ３Ｎ经－ＯＨ和－ＮＨ２基功能化的金样品之间的粘滞力,得到了作为淀粉 ＰＨ值函数的粘滞力曲线（力滴定曲线）,结果表明,－ＮＨ２和－ＯＨ基功能化的表面ｐＫ１／２分别为８．４和９．０。     

精密半微量滴定热量计的建立和胶束生成焓测定

为研究两亲分子自组合的弱相互作用,在LKB-8700精密量热系统的基础上设计和建立了精密半微量滴定热量计。实验数据的采集和处理由在线微机自动完成。利用本热量计测定量热基准物质三羟甲基氨基甲烷(Tris)和盐酸的反应热,实验结果与文献值一致,精度为±0.2%。对阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)和非离子表面活性剂TritonX-100的胶束生成焓和临界胶束浓度(cmc)的测定结果也与文献报道值一致。     

A titration microcalorimeter and the vesicle of mixed surfactants

A titration microcalorimeter with the sample cells of 1 mL and 3 mL volume was constructed by combining LKB-2107 ampule microcalorimeter with an improved Thermometric titration microcalorimeter. Its sensitivity and precision were tested with the baseline noise and stability, the measurement of energy equivalent, and the linear relation of electric energy and integral area as the function of voltage (V)-time (f). Its accuracy was demonstrated by measuring the dilution enthalpy of a concentrated sucrose solution and the micelle-forming enthalpy of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous solution respectively. At the same time, the enthalpy of interaction between SDS and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) was measured by using the titration microcalorimeter, and the phase behavior of SDS-DDAB aqueous mixture was discussed. The microcalorimetric results show that the enthalpy of interaction between SDS and DDAB micelles is -29.53 kJ/mol, the enthalpy of formation of 1:1 SDS-DDAB salt is -125.8 kJ/mol,