两头尖化学成分研究

通过硅胶柱色谱、大孔树脂、反相柱层析及半制备型高效液相色谱等方法,从两头尖根茎中分离得到3种化合物,根据理化性质和光谱分析(ESI-MS、^1HNMR、^13CNMR、HMBC、HMQC、TOCSY、DEFT)鉴定其结构分别为：3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)]-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基齐墩果酸28-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→6)-β-D．吡喃葡萄糖酯(I)、3-O-α-L吡喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→3)-O-α-L吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基齐墩果酸28-α-L吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯㈣和3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→9)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基齐墩果酸28-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯（Ⅲ）,其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ为新化合物,分别命名为多被银莲花皂苷14(Rad-deanoside 14),多被银莲花皂苷15(Raddeanoside 15)。化合物Ⅲ为已知化合物常春藤皂苷B。     

一种新型的含联二萘结构的手性聚芳醚酮的合成及表征

目前,对于外消旋体的拆分已经越来越引起人们的关注,在药物化学领域中尤为突出,原因是手性药物的两个对映体虽然在物理和化学性质上大多相同,但其在药效及药物动力学方面却表现出很大的差别,目前尚没有通用的手性固定相用于外消旋体的拆分,为了解决这一问题,以淀粉、纤维素以及其衍生物制备的手性固定相已被人们广泛使用。     

一种用于质子交换膜材料的磺化聚醚醚砜的合成

以发烟硫酸和4,4′-二氯二苯砜为原料,通过磺化反应,制得磺化二氯二苯砜,然后利用亲核缩聚反应,调整磺化单体和非磺化单体的比例,与四甲基联苯二酚进行聚合,制取了系列具有不同磺化度的聚醚醚砜,并对聚合物的结构进行了研究.     

含冠醚环的席夫碱型液晶高分子的合成与表征

以 4 ,4′ (α ,ω 烷亚甲基二酰氧 )二苯甲醛和二氨基二苯并 14 冠 4为单体 ,采用溶液缩聚方法 ,首次合成了一类新的含冠醚环的席夫碱型液晶高分子 .一种单体采用脂族二酰氯和对羟基苯甲醛反应制备 ,另一种新的单体采用二硝基二苯并 14 冠 4 ,在钯 碳催化剂存在下 ,水合肼还原制备 .通过1H NMR、13 C NMR和分子力学计算方法研究了二氨基二苯并 14 冠 4的两种异构体的空间立体结构 ,发现能从1H NMR谱图上区分它们的立体结构 .它们的立体结构近似属于Cs 和C2 群 .聚合物的分子量不高 ,Mn 在 130 0 0～ 2 4 0 0 0之间 .单体的结构通过元素分析、IR、1H NMR和MS等方法确证 .聚合物的性质采用GPC、DSC、TG和POM等方法进行了研究 .发现所有的聚合物加热到各自的熔融温度 (Tm)以上都能形成液晶态 ,在液晶态可以观察到向列相的丝状织构和纹影织构 .聚合物的玻璃化转变温度 (Tg)、熔融温度和各向同性温度 (Ti)随聚合物分子中柔性间隔基的变化而变化 ,它们有较高的清亮点温度和宽的液晶态温度范围 .WAXD的研究进一步证实了聚合物的液晶性     

LSmn系列表面化学性质与胶束化作用

通过表面张力的测定, 研究了十二烷基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚(LSmn)系列表面活性剂LS36、LS45、LS54在溶液表面吸附和形成胶束的热力学函数随温度的变化. 给出了它们在水溶液中的二组分相图.结果表明, LS36、LS45、LS54的表面活性都较高. 在25～50 ℃范围内, 临界胶束浓度(cmc)和平衡表面张力分别在4.44×10－6～17.3×10－6 mol•L－1和30.1～33.5 mN•m－1之间, 表面吸附和形成胶束的自由能分别在－40.0～－49.5 kJ•mol－1和－27.2～－33.1 kJ•mol－1之间.不论是在溶液表面吸附还是形成胶束均为熵驱动过程.其中LS36由于含具有亲水能力较强的聚氧乙烯基团(EO)成分较低, 因此不论其浊点还是其表面吸附和形成胶束的热力学函数均与LS45、LS54具有较大差异.     

1-Decanethiol, a new reagent for the odorless deprotection of aryl methyl ethers

1-Decanethiol has been found to be an excellent reagent for the deprotection of aryl methyl ethers. This newly developed protocol afforded the corresponding phenols in good to excellent yields. A clear advantage of 1-decanethiol over the more commonly used thiols is the easy extraction of both the deprotecting reagent and the reaction byproduct into the aqueous phase, which allows an essentially odorless work-up.     

Multiply ionization of diethyl ether clusters by 532 nm nanosecond laser: The influence of laser intensity and the electron energy distribution

The formation mechanism for multiply charged ions (C^q+ and O^q+ (q = 2–4)) were investigated using a dual polarity time-of-flight mass spectrometer when diethyl ether clusters interacted with nanosecond laser pulse. The signal intensity of multiply charged ions and electron energy was measured experimentally. It was shown that the intensity of multiply charged ions increased about 50 times when laser intensity increased from 7.6 × 10⁹ to 7.0 × 10¹⁰ W/cm², then saturated as laser intensity increased further. It is interesting that the evolution of the mean value of electron energy was same to that of multiply charged ions. The theoretical calculation showed the ionization potential of atomic ions could be significantly decreased due to the effect of Coulomb screening especially at low laser intensity. It indicated that the electron ionization combined with Coulomb screening effect could explain the production of multiply charged ions in nanosecond laser field.     

二萘嵌苯桥联双二苯并24冠8的合成及其与富勒烯二级铵盐的组装行为

通过端基为伯胺的臂式二苯并24冠8与苝四甲酸二酐衍生物的缩合反应合成了二萘嵌苯桥联的双冠醚主体.利用核磁、荧光等手段研究了其与富勒烯二级铵盐客体形成准轮烷的组装行为.结果表明,24冠8大环可以键合二级铵盐客体,形成轮上有二萘嵌苯和轴上有富勒烯的准轮烷,KPF6和18冠6的加入可以调控准轮烷的解离和形成,并伴随着荧光强度的改变.     

Complexation of metal ions with the novel azathia crown ethers carrying anthracene pendant in acetonitrile–dichloromethane

A series of crown ethers carrying an anthracene group with nitrogen–sulfur donor atom, which differ in having three, four and five sulfur atoms in the macrocycle was designed and synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding macrocyclic compound and 9-chloromethyl-anthracene. The influence of metal cations such as Al³⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Mn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺ and Pb²⁺ on the spectroscopic properties of the ligands was investigated in acetonitrile–dichloromethane (1:1) by means of absorption and emission spectrometry. Absorption spectra show isosbestic points in the spectrophotometric titration of Al³⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺, Hg²⁺ and Pb²⁺ the results of which disclosed the complexation compositions and complex stability constants of the novel ligands with these cations. The monoazapentathia crown ether showed sensitivity for Al³⁺ with linear range and detection limit of 2.6 × 10⁻⁶ M–2.6 × 10⁻⁵ M and 8.1 × 10⁻⁷ M, respectively.     

Anti-ulcer activity of Smithia conferta in various animal

Smithia conferta Sm. (Leguminasae), is a commonly used plant in Indian traditional medicine. In the current study anti-ulcer activity of its petroleum ether, alcohol and aqueous extracts of leaves were investigated using different animal models. All extracts were also subjected to phytochemical analysis and their toxic potential. Petroleum ether extract was found to contain steroids; alcohol extract revealed the presence of isoflavonoids, alkaloids and carbohydrates; while aqueous extract was found to contain amino acids, carbohydrates and flavonoids. S. conferta aqueous and alcoholic extracts were found to be non-toxic up to 5000 mg/kg dose level while petroleum ether extract was safe only up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg after single dose administration of the extracts.During confirmation of the claimed anti-ulcer activity, treatment with aqueous and alcoholic extracts showed significant reduction in ulcer index, free acidity as well as total acidity in pylorus ligated rats. However, petroleum ether extract showed relatively less profound reduction in all these indices. The anti-ulcer activity observed in aqueous extract treatment group was nearly equivalent to the standard group.