新型光谱可调定标光源系统准直物镜设计

高精度光谱可调定标光源系统是针对高光谱遥感器的高精度定标提出的一种新型参考光源,设计了一个折射式宽谱段大相对孔径的准直物镜。镜头工作在400 nm~1 000 nm波段,半视场角2.2、相对孔径F/2.8、焦距135 mm。利用部分色散（P）和阿贝数（）的修正公式,基于复消像差的基本原理,获得了镜头的初始结构。借助Zemax光学设计软件进行优化设计,点校正了系统的二级光谱。最后,在设计波段上实现了复消色差,二级光谱残余量约为0.04 mm,其他像差也得到了良好的平衡。镜头的MTFs在37 lp/mm空间频率处均大于0.8,镜头整体性能满足设计指标。     

基于HJ星CCD遥感数据的落叶阔叶林NDVI差值速率识别模型

以安徽省滁州地区的落叶阔叶林为研究对象,基于2012年4月1日与5月4日HJ-CCD遥感影像数据,利用落叶阔叶林萌芽展叶期与花果期的归一化植被指数(NDVI)差值速率构建了落叶阔叶林识别模型,并有效地提取出落叶阔叶林的空间分布图,再结合野外实地考察和观测的样地位置信息对提取结果进行了验证和评价。研究表明所提出的落叶阔叶林NDVI差值速率提取方法的有效性,证实了环境星CCD数据在植被分类识别方面的可应用性。     

基于垂直观测的植被冠层高光谱偏振反射特性研究

以玉米冠层为研究对象,首先利用偏振反射机理分析了玉米冠层的反射信息中存在偏振现象;随后在抽穗前不同生长时期垂直观测方向对其高光谱偏振信息进行了测量,证明了理论推导,而且发现偏振光在总的反射光中所占的比例可达10%。这即表明了偏振测量可以为对地遥感提供辅助信息,同时也说明利用偏振信息反演大气参数时应该考虑地表偏振对它的影响。     

Acoustic longitudinal mode coupling in w-shaped Al/Ge Co-doped fibre

This paper proposes a novel fibre structure aiming at distributed temperature and strain sensing. Utilizing Al₂O₃ and GeO₂ as dopants to form a w-shaped acoustic waveguide, it realizes modal coupling between longitudinal acoustic modes of its inner and outer core layers, leading to a dual-peak or multi-peak Brillouin gain spectrum. The relationship between the acoustic mode coupling properties and the fibre materials, doping concentrations and structural parameters are investigated, showing that the positions of mode coupling points in acoustic dispersion curves and the coupling intensities can be designed flexibly. A specific fibre design for the discriminative sensing of temperature and strain under a pump wavelength of 1.55 μm is given. The responses of its Brillouin gain properties on temperature and strain are analysed theoretically, demonstrating its potential for distributed fibre Brillouin sensing.     

基于高选择性氟液相传感膜的离子传感器

本文基于国外最新研究工作,系统总结了电位型传感器中的一种新型传感膜——氟液相传感膜。对构成氟液相传感膜的所有组分:氟溶剂、溶解在氟溶剂中的亲氟离子交换剂和亲氟离子载体以及对氟溶剂起支撑作用的惰性微孔支撑膜等进行了全面归纳,重点讨论了这4种因素对传感器性能的影响。指出目前使用的亲氟离子交换剂分子和亲氟离子载体分子均含有2—8根链长为6—10的全氟碳链。氟液相传感膜具有优于传统PVC膜的检测下限,其中通过三维有序大孔碳以固体接触方式构建的氟液相传感膜电位传感器对Ag⁺的探测下限可达3.8×10^-11 mol/L。氟液相传感膜还具有十分出色的选择性,无任何离子载体的空白氟液相传感膜的选择系数对数值log K_i,J^pot的跨越宽度达16—18,比无载体的PVC膜宽8个数量级。这类全新的氟液相传感膜构建的电位型离子传感器将以其独特的优势在环境监测、食品卫生,尤其是在医疗诊断、生物物质检测中展示出不可替代的作用。     

应用压缩传感求解宽角度电磁散射问题

基于矩量法中阻抗矩阵与电磁波入射方向的无关性,引入压缩传感技术,构建一种全新的含有丰富角度信息的入射源.在该入射源照射下利用矩量法获得感应电流的测度,在数次测度之后,通过快速正交匹配追踪算法可恢复各个角度入射下的激励电流.与传统的矩量法相比,计算结果保持很高的精度,且计算时间减少为原来的三分之一,从而降低了宽角度电磁响应分析的计算复杂度.     

基于长周期光纤光栅和保偏光纤Sagnac环光谱特性的温度与应变测量研究

提出并研制了一种结构简单、成本低廉的温度与应变同时测量系统,其结构是在保偏光纤Sagnac环内接入一个长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)。利用LPFG对保偏光纤Sagnac环的透射光谱进行调制,通过监测谐振峰波长和强度的变化,发现波长随温度和保偏光纤的应变变化,强度随LPFG的应变变化,因此可以实现温度与应变的区分测量,并且可判断出应变的施加位置。实验得到该系统的温度灵敏度为0.181 81 nm·℃-1,LPFG区的应变灵敏度为0.005 283 dB·με-1,保偏光纤Sagnac环区的应变灵敏度为0.015 72 nm·με-1。实验结果表明该方案可行,并具有一定的实用性。     

Structure,Luminescent Sensing and Proton Conduction of a Boiling-Water-Stable Zn(II) Metal-Organic Framework

A novel Zn(II) metal-organic framework [Zn₄O(C₃₀H₁₂F₄O₄S₈)₃]_n, namely ZnBPD-4F4TS, has been constructed from a fluoro- and thiophenethio-functionalized ligand 2,2′,5,5′-tetrafluoro-3,3′,6,6′-tetrakis(2-thiophenethio)-4,4′-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid (H₂BPD-4F4TS). ZnBPD-4F4TS shows a broad green emission around 520 nm in solid state luminescence, with a Commission International De L’Eclairage (CIE) coordinate at x = 0.264, y = 0.403. Since d¹⁰-configured Zn(II) is electrochemically inert, its photoluminescence is likely ascribed to ligand-based luminescence which originates from the well-conjugated system of phenyl and thiophenethio moieties. Its luminescent intensities diminish to different extents when exposed to various metal ions, indicating its potential as an optical sensor for detecting metal ion species. Furthermore, ZnBPD-4F4TS and its NH₄Br-loaded composite, NH₄Br@ZnBPD-4F4TS, were used for proton conduction measurements in different relative humidity (RH) levels and temperatures. Original ZnBPD-4F4TS shows a low proton conductivity of 9.47 × 10⁻¹⁰ S cm⁻¹ while NH₄Br@ZnBPD-4F4TS shows a more than 25,000-fold enhanced value of 2.38 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at 40 °C and 90% RH. Both of the proton transport processes in ZnBPD-4F4TS and NH₄Br@ZnBPD-4F4TS belong to the Grotthuss mechanism with E_a = 0.40 and 0.32 eV, respectively.     

The rotational spectrum of chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) in the four lowest nν9 polyads

The analysis of the recently recorded 78-378 GHz broadband spectrum of ClONO₂ has been extended to cover rotational transitions in all 14 excited vibrational states up to 650 cm⁻¹ above the ground state. We report new measurements and analysis of the 2ν₉ and 3ν₉ dyads, and first assignment and analysis for the 4ν₉ and 5ν₉ triads. The polyad fits encompass a total of over 20 000 newly measured transition frequencies and spectroscopic constants are reported for 10 vibrationally excited states in each of ³⁵ClONO₂ and ³⁷ClONO₂. All polyads were fitted with a new coupling scheme between the perturbing states combining c-axis Coriolis and Fermi interactions. The scheme is validated by multiple tests of the physical significance of the derived parameters and it results in improved deviations of fits and significant reduction in the number of adjustable parameters.     

仿生表面液固界面摩擦力的动态调控

仿生超疏水材料在自清洁、防雾抗冰、油水分离、集水等领域有着重要应用;而在不同疏水状态之间的转换将大大促进仿生超疏水材料在智能技术领域的应用.利用软印刷技术将玫瑰花表面微观结构转印到聚氨酯弹性体PU膜表面,利用机械应力实现表面微结构的动态实时调控,实现了表面微观结构在各向同性与各向异性之间的可逆转换;利用毛细管投影传感技...