超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法同时测定合成革中8种异氰酸酯残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱（UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS）同时测定合成革中8种异氰酸酯残留的方法。样品中残留的异氰酸酯经二氯甲烷超声萃取后,用9-甲氨基甲基蒽（MAMA）进行衍生,衍生产物浓缩定容后进行UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS分析,外标法定量。衍生产物在Hypersil GOLD色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9 μm）上进行分离,流动相为乙腈-0.1%（v/v）甲酸水溶液,采用电喷雾正离子（ESI⁺）模式电离,以保留时间和准分子离子精确质量数定性,以提取离子色谱峰面积定量。各组分的定量限均为0.2 μg/kg,在3个加标浓度水平下,方法的平均加标回收率为85.41%～95.53%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.55%～6.87%。应用该方法对市售合成革产品进行监测,结果在1个样品中检出了异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。该方法定性准确,定量限低,灵敏度高,可用于合成革中异氰酸酯残留的测定。     

Structures of new phenylphenalene-related compounds from Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)

Two new compounds identified as methyl derivatives of phenyl naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and phenyl naphthalenecarboxylic acid linked to a phenylphenalene unit were isolated from the extract of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth). The structures have been determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, mainly using 2D NMR techniques.     

Preparation of α,α-difluoroalkanesulfonic acids

Chlorodifluoromethanesulfonic acid (1) was prepared using a new procedure starting from perchloromercaptan, which is readily obtained from chlorination of CS₂. Modified Swarts reaction transformed N,N-diethyl trichloromethanesulfenamide into N,N-diethyl chlorodifluoromethanesulfenamide, and the latter species was further oxidized and hydrolyzed into chlorodifluoromethanesulfonic acid. The preparations of other two new α,α-difluoroalkanesulfonic acids, phenyl difluoromethanesulfonic acid (2) and 2-phenyl-1,1,2,2,-tetrafluoroethanesulfonic acid (3), are also disclosed. The acids 2 and 3 are stable in the forms of sodium (lithium) salts or in aqueous solutions; however, the pure forms of 2 and 3 can readily undergo defluorinations. 1-3 and their salts have potential applications as superacid catalysts and lithium battery electrolytes.     

New facts concerning the reaction of K, K(15-crown-5)2 with phenyl glycidyl ether: unexpected formation of potassium cyclopropoxide

A new mechanism of the reaction of K⁻, K⁺(15-crown-5)₂ with phenyl glycidyl ether is presented. The linear ether bond is attacked only to a small extent, if at all. As the main reaction path the oxirane bond in the β-position is cleaved, followed by the γ-elimination of potassium phenoxide and the formation of potassium cyclopropoxide. Crown ether ring opening also occurs in reactions with organometallic intermediates.     

在交联聚苯乙烯微球表面实现苯基卟啉的同步合成与固载

以键合有对羟基苯甲醛(HBA)的交联聚苯乙烯(CPS)微球HBA-CPS、苯甲醛和吡咯为反应物, 采用Adler方法, 实现了苯基卟啉(PP)在CPS表面的同步合成与固载, 制得了固载有苯基卟啉的微球PP-CPS. 研究了卟啉同步合成与固载过程的影响因素, 同时进行了微球PP-CPS与钴盐的配合反应, 制备了固载有钴卟啉(CoP)的功能微球CoP-CPS, 初步考察了其对分子氧氧化乙苯的催化活性. 实验结果表明, 在苯基卟啉同步合成与固载的反应过程中, 催化剂的酸性与溶剂的极性是两个主要的影响因素, 使用强极性溶剂与pKa在2.8~3.4范围的酸, 微球PP-CPS表面的苯基卟啉固载量高. 微球CoP-CPS对分子氧氧化乙苯的反应具有明显的催化活性.     

Activation of Isocyanates and Carbon Dioxide by a Monomeric Aluminium Hydrazide as an Active Lewis Pair

The monomeric aluminium hydrazide H₁₀C₅N? N(AltBu₂)? Ad ( 4 ; Ad=adamantyl, NC₅H₁₀=piperidinyl) was obtained in high yield by hydroalumination of the corresponding hydrazone derivative 1 . Compound 4 has a strained AlN₂ heterocycle formed by a donor–acceptor bond between the β‐nitrogen atom of the hydrazide group and the aluminium atom. Opening of this bond resulted in the formation of an active Lewis pair that was able to cooperatively activate carbon dioxide or isocyanates. Insertion of the heterocumulenes into the Al? N bond selectively afforded a carbamate and two urea derivatives in high yield. In the first step, phenyl isocyanate gave the adduct 6 , which has the oxygen atom coordinated to the aluminium atom and its central carbon atom bound to the nitrogen atom of the piperidine moiety. Adduct 6 represents a reasonable intermediate state for these activation processes. The applicability of hydroaluminated compounds, such as 4 , in organic synthesis was demonstrated by the reaction with an imidoyl chloride, which gave the corresponding amidrazone derivative 9 .     

PREPARATION OF N-ACYL DERIVATIVES OF AMINO ACIDS FROM ACYL CHLORIDES AND AMINO ACIDS IN THE PRESENCE OF CATIONIC SURFACTANTS. A VARIATION OF THE SCHOTTEN-BAUMANN METHOD OF BENZOYLATION OF AMINO ACIDS

A very efficient method for the preparation of N-acylamino acids from the corresponding acyl chloride and amino acid is described. Amino acids, potassium carbonate, acyl chloride, and a catalytic amount of cationic surfactants were mixed in tetrahydrofuran and refluxed without ever obtaining a clear reaction mixture. After hot filtration, the product was isolated from the hot tetrahydrofuran solution in very high or almost quantitative yields.     

Synthesis and Properties of Some New Nicotinoyl Isocyanates and Their Fragmentation under Electron Impact

A convenient preparative route for synthesis has been developed and nicotinoyl isocyanates (NIC) have been obtained for the first time by the action of oxalyl chloride on amides of substituted nicotinic acids. A procedure has been found for suppressing the formation of hydrochlorides of nicotinoyl amides by the competing reaction of HCl with the initial amides of nicotinic acids. The special features of the fragmentation of nicotinoyl isocyanates under electron impact have been studied.__________Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 549–553, April, 2005.     

Easy One‐Pot Synthesis of a Reactive Hydrogel from Commercially Available 2‐Isocyanatoethyl Methacrylate and K2S2O5

Addition of commercially available 2‐isocyanatoethyl methacrylate to a water solution of potassium bisulfite unexpectedly yields an anionically charged hydrogel. Structural analysis shows the presence of sulfonato‐blocked isocyanates (with no detectable residual isocyanates), a full polymerization of the vinyl groups, and the appearance of urea functional groups. A mechanism is proposed to explain the gel formation, based on a combination of bisulfite‐initiated free‐radical polymerization, crosslinking by urea bridge formation, and addition of bisulfite ions to isocyanate groups. Some basic physical properties (TGA, swelling) of the gel are presented.