Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Some 3,5‐Diphenyl and 1,3,5‐Triphenyl‐2‐pyrazolines

Some new 3,5‐diphenyl and 1,3,5‐triphenyl‐2‐pyrazolines derivatives were synthesized by reacting 1,3‐diphenyl‐2‐propen‐1‐ones with hydrazine hydrates and phenyl hydrazine in ethanol. The structural elucidation of the compounds was performed by IR, ¹H NMR and elemental analysis. All examined compounds showed appreciable antibacterial activity.     

Iodobenzene-catalyzed synthesis of α,α′-dihydroxy ketones: In situ generation of [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene

Exposure of ethynyl carbinols to oxone/(CF₃CO)₂O in the presence of a catalytic amount of iodobenzene afforded α,α′-dihydroxy ketones in good yield, which are common structural motifs in natural products and biologically active compounds. Compared with traditional methods, this method is more convenient and avoids using stoichiometric amounts of hypervalent iodine reagents.     

Structures of new phenylphenalene-related compounds from Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)

Two new compounds identified as methyl derivatives of phenyl naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and phenyl naphthalenecarboxylic acid linked to a phenylphenalene unit were isolated from the extract of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth). The structures have been determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, mainly using 2D NMR techniques.     

Preparation of α,α-difluoroalkanesulfonic acids

Chlorodifluoromethanesulfonic acid (1) was prepared using a new procedure starting from perchloromercaptan, which is readily obtained from chlorination of CS₂. Modified Swarts reaction transformed N,N-diethyl trichloromethanesulfenamide into N,N-diethyl chlorodifluoromethanesulfenamide, and the latter species was further oxidized and hydrolyzed into chlorodifluoromethanesulfonic acid. The preparations of other two new α,α-difluoroalkanesulfonic acids, phenyl difluoromethanesulfonic acid (2) and 2-phenyl-1,1,2,2,-tetrafluoroethanesulfonic acid (3), are also disclosed. The acids 2 and 3 are stable in the forms of sodium (lithium) salts or in aqueous solutions; however, the pure forms of 2 and 3 can readily undergo defluorinations. 1-3 and their salts have potential applications as superacid catalysts and lithium battery electrolytes.     

New facts concerning the reaction of K, K(15-crown-5)2 with phenyl glycidyl ether: unexpected formation of potassium cyclopropoxide

A new mechanism of the reaction of K⁻, K⁺(15-crown-5)₂ with phenyl glycidyl ether is presented. The linear ether bond is attacked only to a small extent, if at all. As the main reaction path the oxirane bond in the β-position is cleaved, followed by the γ-elimination of potassium phenoxide and the formation of potassium cyclopropoxide. Crown ether ring opening also occurs in reactions with organometallic intermediates.     

在交联聚苯乙烯微球表面实现苯基卟啉的同步合成与固载

以键合有对羟基苯甲醛(HBA)的交联聚苯乙烯(CPS)微球HBA-CPS、苯甲醛和吡咯为反应物, 采用Adler方法, 实现了苯基卟啉(PP)在CPS表面的同步合成与固载, 制得了固载有苯基卟啉的微球PP-CPS. 研究了卟啉同步合成与固载过程的影响因素, 同时进行了微球PP-CPS与钴盐的配合反应, 制备了固载有钴卟啉(CoP)的功能微球CoP-CPS, 初步考察了其对分子氧氧化乙苯的催化活性. 实验结果表明, 在苯基卟啉同步合成与固载的反应过程中, 催化剂的酸性与溶剂的极性是两个主要的影响因素, 使用强极性溶剂与pKa在2.8~3.4范围的酸, 微球PP-CPS表面的苯基卟啉固载量高. 微球CoP-CPS对分子氧氧化乙苯的反应具有明显的催化活性.     

PREPARATION OF N-ACYL DERIVATIVES OF AMINO ACIDS FROM ACYL CHLORIDES AND AMINO ACIDS IN THE PRESENCE OF CATIONIC SURFACTANTS. A VARIATION OF THE SCHOTTEN-BAUMANN METHOD OF BENZOYLATION OF AMINO ACIDS

A very efficient method for the preparation of N-acylamino acids from the corresponding acyl chloride and amino acid is described. Amino acids, potassium carbonate, acyl chloride, and a catalytic amount of cationic surfactants were mixed in tetrahydrofuran and refluxed without ever obtaining a clear reaction mixture. After hot filtration, the product was isolated from the hot tetrahydrofuran solution in very high or almost quantitative yields.     

Ion and Molecular Recognition Using Aryl–Ethynyl Scaffolding

The aryl–ethynyl linkage has been extensively employed in the construction of hosts for a variety of guests. Uses range from ion detection (e.g., of metal cations in the environment or industrial waste and of anions prevalent in nature), to molecular mimics for biological systems, and to applications targeting future safety issues (such as CO₂ capture and indicators for the manufacture of chemical weapons). This Focus Review examines the utilization of the aryl–ethynyl linkage in engineering host molecules for a variety of different guests, and how the alkyne unit plays an integral part as both a rigid scaffolding section in host geometry design as well as a linker to allow conjugative communication between discrete π‐electron systems.     

Lewis acid-promoted carbonyl addition of 1,3-bis(silyl)propenes

A novel synthetic protocol for Lewis acid-promoted addition of 1,3-bis(silyl)propenes to N-phenyl glyoxylamide and ethyl glyoxylate is developed. The reaction does not appear to be influenced by the steric bulk of the 1,3-bis(silyl)propenes, and represents a new approach to vinylation of glyoxylates; the products are obtained in good yields.     

Carboboration Reactions of 1,2‐Bis[(diarylphosphino)ethynyl]benzenes with Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane

The 1,2‐bis[(diarylphosphino)ethynyl]benzene derivatives 1a (R=Ph) and 1b (R=o‐tolyl) undergo 1,1‐carboboration at one of their acetylene units upon treatment with (C₆F₅)₃B at elevated temperature to give the products 5a and 5b , respectively. At room temperature, we observed the formation of the corresponding phosphireniumborate zwitterions, 7a and 7b , respectively, which may be intermediates of the 1,1‐carboboration reactions. The reaction of the more bulky 1,2‐bis[(dimesitylphosphino)ethynyl]benzene 1c with (C₆F₅)₃B takes a different course. At 110°, we observed the complete conversion to the benzopentafulvene derivative 8 which is probably formed in a typical carbocation rearrangement sequence after the initial (C₆F₅)₃B Lewis acid‐addition step. The compounds 5a, 5b, 7b , and 8 were characterized by X‐ray crystal‐structure analyses.