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91.
Potential for micromachined actuation of ultra-wide continuously tunable optoelectronic devices 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H. Hillmer J. Daleiden C. Prott F. Römer S. Irmer V. Rangelov A. Tarraf S. Schüler M. Strassner 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2002,75(1):3-13
Tailored scaling represents a principle of success that, both in nature and in technology, allows the effectiveness of physical
effects to be enhanced. Mutation and selection in nature are imitated in technology, e.g. by model calculation and design.
Proper scaling of dimensions in natural photonic crystals and our fabricated artificial 1D photonic crystals (DBRs, distributed
Bragg reflectors) enable efficient diffractive interaction in a specific spectral range. For our optical microsystems we illustrate
that tailored miniaturization may also increase the mechanical stability and the effectiveness of spectral tuning by thermal
and electrostatic actuation, since the relative significance of the fundamental physical forces involved considerably changes
with scaling. These basic physical principles are rigorously applied in micromachined 1.55-μm vertical-resonator-based devices.
We modeled, implemented and characterized 1.55-μm micromachined optical filters and vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
devices capable of wide, monotonic and kink-free tuning by a single control parameter. Tuning is achieved by mechanical actuation
of one or several air-gaps that are part of the vertical resonator including two ultra-highly reflective DBR mirrors of strong
refractive index contrast: (i) Δn=2.17 for InP/air-gap DBRs (3.5 periods) using GaInAs sacrificial layers and (ii) Δn=0.5
for Si3N4/SiO2 DBRs (12 periods) with a polymer sacrificial layer to implement the air-cavity. In semiconductor multiple air-gap filters,
a continuous tuning of >8% of the absolute wavelength is obtained. Varying the reverse voltage (U=0–5 V) between the membranes
(electrostatic actuation), a tuning range of >110 nm was obtained for a large number of devices. The correlation of the wavelength
and the applied voltage is accurately reproducible without any hysteresis. In two filters, tuning of 127 and 130 nm was observed
for about ΔU=7 V. The extremely wide tuning range and the very small voltage required are record values to the best of our
knowledge. For thermally actuated dielectric filters based on polymer sacrificial layers, Δλ/ΔU=-7 nm/V is found.
Received: 10 May 2002 / Published online: 8 August 2002 相似文献
92.
T. González-Lezana G. Delgado-Barrio P. Villarreal F.X. Gadéa 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2002,20(2):227-232
The stabilization method is applied to the case of interacting resonances in the photo-dissociation of van der Waals clusters
composed by a rare gas atom bound to a dihalogen molecule. The study of an illustrative two-dimensional model consisting in
a T-shaped NeI2 molecule shows the adequacy of the method whenever the projection of the stabilization wave functions on the assumed prepared
initial state is accounted for. The agreement of the fragmentation cross-sections with some previous results using the effective
resolvent method and accurate close-coupling calculations is excellent. The method reveals its utility as a complementary
tool since allows, through the analysis of the stabilization wave function in terms of zero-order levels, a precise characterization
of the resonant states involved.
Received 5 April 2002 / Received in final form 24 May 2002 Published online 19 July 2002 相似文献
93.
94.
We study the propagation of the light mesons σ,ω,ρ, and a0(980) in dense hadronic matter in an extended derivative scalar coupling model. Within the scheme proposed it is possible
to unambiguously define effective density-dependent couplings at the Lagrangian level. We first apply the model to study asymmetric
nuclear matter with fixed isospin asymmetry, and then we pay particular attention to hypermatter in β-equilibrium. The equation
of state and the potential contribution to the symmetry coefficient arising from the mean-field approximation are investigated.
Received: 16 October 2001 / Accepted: 10 January 2002 相似文献
95.
Shao-Chen Yang Qihuang Gong Zongju Xia Y. H. Zou Y. Q. Wu D. Qiang Y. L. Sun Z. N. Gu 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》1992,55(1):51-53
The nonlinear third-order optical susceptibility of C70 in a toluene solution is measured for the first time by the method of degenerate four-wave mixing using 10 ns laser pulses at 1.06 m. The third-order susceptibility X
in
(3)
is 5.6×10–12 esu for a C70 toluene solution at a concentration of 0.476 g/l. The correspondent magnitude of the hyperpolarizability 1111 of the C70 molecule is 1.2×10–30 esu which is in a good agreement with the prediction given by the model of a free electron in a spherical box. 相似文献
96.
Infinite nuclear matter composed of nucleons and hyperons in various mixture ratios is considered with the Skyrme-like phenomenological potentials. Basic characteristics (energy, density, incompressibility, symmetry energy, chemical potentials) are calculated and their link with the potentials properties is studied. Conditions of stability with respect to baryon emission are analyzed and it is shown that neutron-rich systems are preferable for binding the highest possible number of hyperons. 相似文献
97.
Neutrino induced transition rates from205Tl to excited states in205Pb were calculated for neutrino fluxes from the different hydrogen burning reactions in the sun. Suppression factors for electron neutrinos due to flavor oscillations in the sun were obtained. The influence of neutrino oscillations on the neutrino capture rate of205Tl in dependence of the mixing angle and neutrino mass difference is discussed.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. P. Kienle on the occasion of his 60th birthday 相似文献
98.
D. Guidotti J. G. Wilman A. J. Ricci 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1992,54(6):570-573
An instrument is described that can be used to monitor, with unprecedented sensitivity, changes in the optical reflectivity due to crystailine damage incurred during ion implantation. It is shown that at the shot-noise limit, changes in the optical reflectivity of silicon as small as 5·10–7 can be measured in a 10 Hz bandwidth with a signal-to-noise ratio of 100, corresponding to an extrapolated uniform implantation dose of 5·108 cm–2 for 11B+ at 50 keV in silicon. 相似文献
99.
In this paper, we study the influence of the Aharonov–Casher effect [Y. Aharonov, A. Casher, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53 (1984) 319] on the Dirac oscillator in three different scenarios of general relativity: the Minkowski spacetime, the cosmic string spacetime and the cosmic dislocation spacetime. In this way, we solve the Dirac equation and obtain the energy levels for bound states and the Dirac spinors for positive-energy solutions. We show that the relativistic energy levels depend on the Aharonov–Casher geometric phase. We also discuss the influence of curvature and torsion on the relativistic energy levels and the Dirac spinors due to the topology of the cosmic string and cosmic dislocation spacetimes. 相似文献
100.