多柱色谱技术进展

在色谱分析过程中，利用串联、并联或串并联结合的方式将多根色谱柱组合起来，可以实现高通量和高分辨的分离效果。相比于传统单柱色谱技术，多柱技术很好地满足了批量样品分析和复杂生物样品分离分析的需求，因此引起了广泛关注。该文对多柱技术在多维分离、芯片色谱、毛细管电泳、固定相筛选以及串联色谱等领域的应用进行了综述，并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

硝酮1,3-偶极环加成对映选择性配合物催化剂的研究进展

近几年来，1，3-偶极环加成的对映选择性金属配合物催化反应得到了较多研究。人们研制出了一系列控制反应立体选择性的金属配合物催化剂，尤其是对硝酮和链烯烃反应，许多催化剂对Dies-Alder反应和1，3-偶极环加成反应同时具有较高的对映及非对映选择性。     

2,6-二氯-4-乙酰基苯基磷酸的合成

制备了酸性磷酸酶检测底物2，6-二氯-4-乙酰基苯基磷酸酯（DCAP-P）。以2，6-二氯苯酚为原料，经酰化反应、AlCl3催化F-C重排、碱化成盐、磷酯化、水解等5步反应，制备了DCAP-P，并对F-C重排、磷酯化条件进行了改进。     

加氢脱氮催化剂中硫化钼结构的表征

众所周知,重油加氢脱氮(HDN)所用Mo-Ni/Al2O3催化剂需经预硫化后始有显著的活性,关于硫化的条件工业上已较成熟,但在持续反应过程中硫化催化剂的结构与活性间的关系则很复杂,如硫化钼的价态和结构、金属组分和担体间的相互作用、反应条件及原料对催化剂组分的影响,以及硫化态催化剂中MoS2结晶的形貌等都可以引起催化剂活性本质的变化.     

超大孔Fe和V—Ti分子筛的合成

水热法合成了具有超大孔ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛结构的含Ｆｅ和Ｖ－Ｔｉ分子筛，通过ＸＲＤ，骨架ＩＲ，ＥＳＲ，＾２９ＳｉＭＡＳ ＮＭＲ，紫外漫反射等测试表征证实，Ｆｅ原子在ＦｅＭＣＭ－４１分子筛骨架上，Ｖ和Ｔｉ同是进入Ｖ－ＴｉＭＣＭ－４１分子筛骨架。     

氧化锶催化性质：Ⅱ.SrO,MgO上异丙醇的分解反应

ＳｒＯ，ＭｓＯ对异丙醇的分解反应有各自的作用形式，因而产物分布也有明显差别．ＭｇＯ上异丙醇分解，在较低温度时，主要产物为丙酮和丙烯；随温度升高，生成丙烯的量增加，而丙酮的量减少，直至消失，在ＳｒＯ上，异丙醇在较高温度时反应，产物几乎为丙酮，丙烯的生成量极少。认为：产物中丙烯来源于异丙醇在催化剂表面强酸中心上的脱水；丙酮在ＭｇＯ上来源于强碱中心和酸中心协同作用异丙醇的脱氢，而在ＳｒＯ上则是ＳｒＯ表面极强的碱中心作用异丙醇而脱氢制得。     

CeO2及Pt/CeO2催化剂上H2、O2的作用特性

采用TPD、TPR、FT-IR和TPEC等方法研究了CeO_2及Pt/CeO_2上H_2、O_2作用特性。结果表明, Pt促进CeO_2还原, 并形成高活动性氢物种。Pt的存在使吸H_2和放氢温度下阵达300 ℃。部分还原的CeO_2常温下吸附氧形成分子离子氧物种(O_2~-, O_2~(2-)), Pt的存在改变氧化铈催化剂在常温下氧吸附物种的形态, 以解离态存在。氧化铈上吸附的氧物种在升温时可部分脱附, 高于170 ℃时则转化为晶格氧。     

ZrxTixAl1-2xO2的制备及其在三效催化剂上的应用

Zr_0.5Ti_0.5O₂(ZT) and Zr_0.25Ti_0.25Al_0.5O₂(ZTA) mixed oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized by low temperature adsorption-desorption， XRD and NH₃-TPD. The activity of Pt/Zr_0.5Ti_0.5O₂ and Pt/ Zr_0.5Ti_0.5Al_0.5O₂ catalysts was evaluated using the simulated gases. The results show that ZTA samples exhibit higher specific surface area， larger pore volume and proper surface acidic amount and acidity in comparison with ZT. The results of the catalytic test indicate that Pt/ZT and Pt/ZTA catalysts exhibit excellent low-temperature catalytic activity and lower light-off temperatures of hydrocarbon， carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides， especially better conversion for nitrogen oxides (NO_x). The addition of Al₂O₃ into ZT enhanced the anti-aging property of Pt/ ZTA catalysts due to the excellent textural， structural， surface acidity and thermal stability.     

Ab Initio Calculation of Room Temperature Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Chlorocuprate (Ⅰ)

The Hartree-Fock method has been employed to investigate the electronic structures of EMIM (1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium ), CuCl2-, Cu2Cl3-, CuCl32-, EMIM -CuCl2-, EMIM -Cu2Cl3- , and EMIM -CuCl32- pairs. Full optimization and frequency analyses of EMIM , CuCl2-, Cu2Cl3-, CuCl32-, eight initial EMIM -CuCl2-, six EMIM -Cu2Cl3-, and four EMIM -CuCl32- geometries have been carried out using Gaussian-94 soft-package at 6-31 G(d,p) basis set level for hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, chlorine atoms and Hay-Wadt effective core potential for copper atom. The electronic structures of lowest energy of EMIM -CuCl2-, EMIM -Cu2Cl3-, EMIM -CuCl32-, single EMIM , CuCl2-, Cu2Cl3-, and CuCl32- have been comparatively studied. The calculated results showed that EMIM -CuCl2- pair conformer of lowest energy was five ring parallel to Cl—Cu—Cl with 3.2 A distance, EMIM -CuCl32- pair conformer of lowest energy was five ring parallel to CuCl32-plane with 3.4 A distance, and the optimized EMIM -Cu2Cl3- pair conformer of lowest energy was five ring perpendicular to Cl—Cu—Cl—Cu—Cl plane with 3.0 (?) distance between the terminal Cl atoms and the 5-ring of EMIM . The cohesion between cations and anions is brought about by C—H…Cl hydrogen bonds that are reinforced by charge assistance. The frequency analyses suggested that all stationary points are minimum because of no appearing of imaginary frequency. The assigned frequencies were in agreement with the experimental report. The low energy of interaction because of the bulky asymmetry of EMIM and the charge dispersion of cation and anion leads to the low melting point of the ionic liquids, EMIM -CuCl2-, EMIM -Cu2Cl3-, and EMIM -CuCl32-. The interaction energy of EMIM -CuCl2-, EMIM -Cu2Cl3-, and EMIM -CuCl32- is 309.0 kJ/mol, 316.8 kJ/mol, and 320.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The relationship of interaction energy via distance between cations and anions was also investigated by single point energy scan.