Evolution of reactive unsaturated interfacial modifiers for polyolefin based composites

The development of a novel reactive unsaturated interfacial modifier for filled (magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide and calcium carbonate) polyolefins is reviewed. Initial work explored maleimide functional candidate molecules including 1,3-phenylene dimaleimide (1,3-PDM) and a range of linear alkyl dimaleimides. Most of the dimaleimides were very effective interfacial modifiers in polypropylene and poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) (18% w/w vinylacetate) based composites. However, the dimaleimides caused the composites to have a distinct pink/brown colouration apart from when the maleimide groups were spaced by a C12 alkyl chain. The problem with colour and high effective dosage prompted a switch to unsaturated carboxylic acid based systems. The performance of a range of unsaturated carboxylic acids and the hexafunctional monomer trimethylolpropane triacrylate are reviewed, together with a novel oligomeric unsaturated carboxylic acid (OUCA) based system developed by the Noveon Division of Lubrizol Limited. The data obtained from this series of interfacial modifiers, and adsorption studies on 1,3-PDM and OUCA, afforded some insight into the competing factors (such as the strength of adsorption versus ability to form a polymerised interfacial layer and the ability to react with matrix chains) that significantly affect the coupling performance of interfacial modifiers.     

稀土配合物研究 II: 1,6-双(1'-苯基-3'-甲基-5'-氧代吡唑-4'-基)-1,6-己二酮与钐(III)、铕(III)、铽(III)、镝(III)固体配合物的合成及性质研究

本文合成了1,6-双(1'-苯基-3'-甲基-5'-氧代吡唑-4'-基)-1,6-己二酮与Sm(III),Eu(III), Tb(III), Dy(III)的固体配合物, 并对他们的某些性质进行了研究.     

广义An指数及其应用1:广义An指数及其在中性磷萃取剂萃取Y,Ce,V和Th性能方面的应用

首先引进一般有机化合物的广义An指数, 该指数能分辨有微小结构差别的有机化合物分子, 在此基础上,计算了某些中性磷萃取剂的广义An指数, 并将其与萃取性能进行相关分析, 得到了满意的结果。     

N,N-双-羧 甲基氨基乙酰蛋氨酸的合成及其与铟(III)离子螯合行为的研究

The synthesis of N, N-bis-carboxymethylaminoacetomethionine was described. The acid dissociation constants and the formation constants of its indium (III) chelates at 25`C and \m\=0.1(KNO3) were determined (pka1=2.452, pka2=3.320, pka3=6.799; log KInL=8.90, log KInLi=6.47, log βInLi=15.37) by pH titration method. The hydrolysis constant of the chelate at 30`C was also given. The optimal pH for the formation of normal chelate was calculated to be about 4.8. In addition, the chelate species and coordinated atoms of the ligand were briefly discussed.     

Investigation on interfacial adhesion of short sisal/coir hybrid fibre reinforced natural rubber composites by restricted equilibrium swelling technique

Interfacial adhesion of sisal/coir hybrid fibre reinforced natural rubber (NR) composites has been characterized by restricted equilibrium swelling technique with special reference to the effects of fibre loading, orientation and bonding agent. The swelling parameters of NR composites with and without bonding agent were evaluated with three aromatic solvents, namely; benzene, toluene and xylene, by a sorption gravimetric method. As fibre content and penetrant size increase, the solvent uptake has been found to decrease due to the increased hindrance and good fibre–rubber interaction. The bonding agent added mixes showed enhanced restriction to swelling and it is seen that the ratio of change in volume fraction of rubber before and after swelling to the volume fraction of rubber before swelling (V ₀ – V _r/V ₀) is lower for bonding agent added composites, when compared to an unbonded one. The anisotropic swelling studies were carried out to analyse the extent of fibre alignment and fibre–matrix interaction. In strongly bonded composites, the swelling has been mainly observed to take place in the thickness direction, as attested by optical photographs. The rubber–fibre interaction has also been examined by Lorenz–Parks and Kraus equations.     

Influence of Grafting Density of Diblock Copolymers on Interfacial Assembly Behavior and Interfacial Shear Strength of Glass Fiber/Polystyrene Composites

To investigate the influence of the grafting density and the molecular structure of block copolymers on the interfacial assembly behavior and interfacial shear strength, macromolecular coupling agents, hydroxyl-terminated poly(n-butyl acrylate-b-styrene) (HO-P(BA-b-S)) were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization, and then chemically anchored on the glass fiber surfaces to form a well-defined monolayer. The phase separation and 'hemispherical' domain morphologies of diblock copolymer brushes at the polystyrene/glass fiber interface were observed. The interfacial assembly morphology differs with changes in the grafting density of diblock copolymers. When the grafting density is greatest, the highest height difference of the hemispherical domain and the largest surface roughness are achieved, as well as the best interface shear strength. It was also found that the copolymer brush with a PBA block of the polymerization degree (Xn) about 77 is the optimal option for the interfacial adhesion of PS/GF composites. Thus, the grafting density and molecular structure of diblock copolymers determines the interfacial assembly behavior of copolymer brushes, and therefore the interfacial shear strength.     

反相胶束介质中敏化双乙酰室温磷光——-α-萘乙酸为敏化剂

本文报道了AOT-C6H12-H2O反相胶束介质中α-萘乙酸(α-NAA)敏化双乙酰(BIAC)的室温磷光。详细讨论了琥珀酸二(2-乙基己基)酯磺酸钠(AOT)浓度和水泡大小(W值)对敏化磷光的影响。吸收、发光性质和微粘度性质的实验表明AOT浓度对敏化磷光强度的影响由敏化磷光寿命、能量转移效率和Poisson分布决定; 一定范围内, 随着水浓度增大, 由于粘度下降和内腔半径增大作用的相互抵销, 水泡大小仅有微弱影响。当W([H2O]/[AOT])大于20后, 内腔半径增大起主要作用, 敏化磷光强度快速下降。与普通SDS胶束相比, 磷光强度约增强13倍, 检出限约下降一个数量级。建立了灵敏的测定α-萘乙酸和双乙酰的敏化室温磷光法, 检出限分别达2.0×10^-^8mol.dm^-^3(α-NAA)和8.5×10^-^9mol.dm^-^3(BIAC)。     

一种新的聚合物固载的1,3-二醇的合成及其对二醛的单保护性能

聚合物固载的1,2-二醇和1,3-二醇作为醛或酮的保护基团, 已有广泛研究。聚合物固载的保护试剂的重要特性是能够对双功能基化合物进行单保护。本文合成了二醇功能基直接与聚苯乙烯链的苯环相接的1,3-二醇树脂─1-聚苯乙烯基-2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇。二醇功能基2位上的两个氢原子均被甲基所取代, 减少了被保护的醛解脱过程中二醇功能基脱水失活的可能性, 以增加功能的可再生性。     

一元烷基磷(膦)酸酯萃取钴,镍反应中取代基空间效应的经验参数

本文在考察一元烷基磷(膦)酸酯萃取钴、镍反应平衡常数与取代基结构的定量关系的基础上,提出了酸性磷(膦)酸酯萃取钴、镍反应中反映取代基结构空间效应为主的经验参数EPA[Co]和EPA[NI],这些新标度的建立,不仅使我们可用关系式来描述萃取钴、镍的反应性与取代基结构效应的关系,而且也为选择高效镍、钴分离萃取剂提供了新途径。