程序升温脱附法研究丙烯齐聚磷酸盐催化剂

程序升温脱附法研究丙烯齐聚磷酸盐催化剂张晓东，徐铸德，潘声云，冯伟（浙江大学化学系．杭州３１００２７）关键词程序升温脱附，磷酸硼，丙烯，齐聚磷酸盐催化剂是一类有应用前景的固体酸催化剂．本文使用程序升温脱附（ＴＰＤ）方法研究用于丙烯齐聚的磷酸硼催化剂［...     

The p-step iterative algorithm for a system of generalized mixed quasi-variational inclusions with -accretive operators in q-uniformly smooth banach spaces

In this paper, we introduce and study a new system of generalized mixed quasi-variational inclusions with (A,η)-accretive operators in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. By using the resolvent operator technique associated with (A,η)-accretive operators, we construct a new p-step iterative algorithm for solving this system of generalized mixed quasi-variational inclusions in real q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. We also prove the existence of solutions for the generalized mixed quasi-variational inclusions and the convergence of iterative sequences generated by algorithm. Our results improve and generalize many known corresponding results.     

稳定同位素编码衍生-分散液液微萃取-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱检测大鼠脑微透析液中左旋多巴和多巴胺

帕金森病(PD)大鼠脑微透析液中左旋多巴(L-DOPA)和多巴胺(DA)的高灵敏检测技术,是PD相关的临床医学及L-DOPA减毒增效协同药物筛选必不可少的手段。采用d₀/d₃-10-甲基-吖啶酮-2-磺酰氯(d₀/d₃-MASC)作为稳定同位素编码衍生试剂,联合超声波辅助-分散液液微萃取(UA-DLLME)技术,建立并验证了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)快速检测L-DOPA和DA的分析方法。分别使用d₀-MASC和d₃-MASC衍生微透析液样品和混合对照品,将衍生溶液混合后采用UA-DLLME技术富集净化,继而进行UHPLC-MS/MS检测(多反应监测模式),以d₃-MASC衍生物作为d₀-MASC衍生物的内标物进行定量。实验表明,在乙腈/水(pH 10.8碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠缓冲液)溶液中37 ℃下反应3.0 min后衍生化反应完成,梯度洗脱条件下2.0 min可完成分离检测,线性范围为0.20~1500.0 nmol/L,相关系数大于0.994, L-DOPA和DA的检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.005和0.009 nmol/L。分析方法评价结果良好,与已报道方法相比在灵敏度、分析速度和抗基质干扰等方面具有优势,本方法已成功应用于测定中药方剂首乌方对PD大鼠脑微透析液中L-DOPA和DA浓度波动的影响。     

一种微小型无人船控制系统设计及航向控制方法研究

无人船在保护海洋环境和开发海洋资源方面具有广泛的应用前景和市场价值。微小型无人船不仅可以用于海洋环境监测,也可以作为海上通信中继平台,在军事应用领域也有其潜在应用价值。本文设计了一种基于ARM的微小型无人船控制系统,同时进行了详细的控制系统硬件设计和软件设计,并通过水池实验结果验证了该控制系统的有效性和实用性。此外,针对无人船航行过程中存在风浪流混合干扰的问题,设计了一种自适应模糊PD航向控制算法,进行了相应的水池试验并与传统PD控制算法进行了对比分析。     

Bio-analytical methods for investigating the effect of age,body mass index and gender on the PK/PD ratio of antibiotics

The effectiveness of antibiotics (ABs) is governed by achieving the adequate pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamics (PD) ratio. In this study, fast LC–MS/MS methods were developed and validated for the bioanalysis of cefaclor (CFC), ciprofloxacin (CFC), roxithomycin (RXM) and clindamycin (CLD). Chromatographic separation was performed on a C₁₈ Zorbax-Eclipse Plus (3.5 μm, 100 × 4.6 mm) using isocratic elution. Detection was performed by positive electrospray ionization. The methods were applied for the assessment of PK parameters in volunteers (n = 101, 64 male and 37 female) and the effects of age, body mass index (BMI) and gender were investigated. Good linearity (r ² ≥ 0.99), accuracy (>86%), precision (CV% ≤ 11) and extraction recovery (>83%) were observed for CFC, CFX, RXM and CLD. Application to PK studies revealed that age and BMI affected the T_half and the AUC of RXM and CLD (p < 0.023). Gender difference affected the critical PK parameters of the four ABs (T_half (U = 18; P = 0.036) of CFC, the C_max of CFX (U = 30; P = 0.017), the T_half (U = 23; P = 0.009) and AUC (U = 26; P = 0.008) of RXM and CLD), respectively. These results highlight the significance of age and BMI variations for RXM and CLD dosing. Furthermore, it indicates that the gender difference may be considered when adjusting the AB dose.     

Lewy body disease and dementia with Lewy bodies

In 1976 we reported our first autopsied case with diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD), the term of which we proposed in 1984. We also proposed the term “Lewy body disease” (LBD) in1980. Subsequently, we classified LBD into three types according to the distribution pattern of Lewy bodies: a brain stem type, a transitional type and a diffuse type. Later, we added the cerebral type. As we have proposed since 1980, LBD has recently been used as a generic term to include Parkinson’s disease (PD), Parkinson’s disease with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), which was proposed in 1996 on the basis of our reports of DLBD.DLB is now known to be the second most frequent dementia following Alzheimer’s disease (AD).In this paper we introduce our studies of DLBD and LBD.     

复合材料层合板冲击损伤近场动力学模型与分析

近场动力学(简称PD)理论通过域内积分建立物质基本运动方程。不同于传统理论中通过微分建立运动方程的方法,该理论对场函数没有连续性的要求,因而适合求解各类不连续问题。基于此,本文建立了正交各向异性单层板PD理论模型,进而引入单层板层间作用,发展了正交各向异性层合板PD模型及其损伤模型,并模拟了各向同性与各向异性层合板冲击损伤;通过对比分析,对模型的有效性进行了验证。     

Quantitative assessment of iron deposition in the midbrain using 3D-enhanced T2 star weighted angiography (ESWAN): A preliminary cross-sectional study of 20 Parkinson’s disease patients

Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assesses neurodegenerative structural changes in the cerebral anatomy of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients but cannot detect non-structural abnormalities; however, enhanced T2 star weighted angiography (ESWAN) can precisely indicate PD-related substantia nigra (SN) iron deposition. The differences in ESWAN-based parameters between different PD stages were assessed using midbrain iron deposits of 20 PD patients aged 64.3 ± 12.7 (41–85) years grouped by Hoehn and Yahr staging into minimal (stages ≤ 2.5) or moderate to severe (stages ≥ 3.0) motor impairment groups and 14 healthy control subjects. Conventional MRI and ESWAN measurements of mean phase value (MPV) and midbrain dimensions (width and diameter) revealed similar anatomical characteristics; however, ESWAN revealed the presence of smaller MPVs and SN pars compacta (SNc) (P < 0.01) and a negative correlation between reduction extent and motor impairment (P < 0.01). SNc width to midbrain diameter was reduced in moderate to severe impairment patients versus control and minimal impairment patients (both P < 0.01). A positive correlation was found between MPV and width or SNc width to midbrain diameter ratio (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Minimal impairment group mean MPV and substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) width evidenced no significant reduction, unlike significant reductions in the moderate to severe impairment group (P < 0.01). No significant changes were observed in MPV or width in the RN region (P > 0.05). ESWAN allows for early and accurate iron deposition determination in PD patients, particularly useful as a supplement to conventional MRI in early-stage PD patients.     

Non-selective Remote Sensing of Organic Pollutants by Laser Induced IR Fluorescence

A number of papers from this laboratory^1–6 have described work which may be termed “feasibility studies” of the application of laser induced infrared fluorescence to remote sensing of molecular air pollutants. An initial attempt to demonstrate extra-laboratory remote sensing was made⁷ using a cassagrainian telescope system with a 4–1/4 inch aluminum coated primary. The analytical sensitivity of this system was found to be insufficient for remote sensing. It was felt that the power of the laser was too low for the detection of molecules more than a few feet from the detector. Further in the cassagrainian system, several feet of the laser optical path closest to the detector are shielded from the collecting mirror by the reflecting mirror. Since this part of the system is closest to the detector, it was felt that the signal for the most sensitive analytical region was eliminated from observation. In a second attempt to demonstrate remote sensing with this system the optics were redesigned.     

传递系统的伪分解函数和应用

令X为一个紧致度量空间,f:x→X为(拓扑)传递的映射.通过对传递系统(X,f)在fn,n∈N的作用下的伪分解,先引入一个新的拓扑不变量“传递系统的PD函数(伪分解函数)”. 然后,讨论关于此不变量的一些重要性质.最后,把关于周期轨道的Sharkovskii定理推广到传递子系统上.