Array of potentiometric sensors for simultaneous analysis of urea and potassium

Urea biosensors based on urease immobilized by crosslinking with BSA and glutharaldehyde coupled to ammonium ion-selective electrodes were included in arrays together with potassium, sodium and ammonium PVC membrane ion-selective electrodes. Multivariate calibration models based on PCR and PLS2 were built and tested for the simultaneous determination of urea and potassium. The results show that it is possible to obtain PCR and PLS2 calibration models for simultaneous determination of these two species, based on a very small set of calibration samples (nine samples). Coupling of biosensors with ion-selective electrodes in arrays of sensors raises a few problems related to the limited stability of response and unidirectional cross-talk of the biosensors, and this matter was also subjected to investigation in this work. Up to three identical urea biosensors were included in the arrays, and the data analysis procedure allowed the assessment of the relative performance of the sensors. The results show that at least two urea biosensors should be included in the array to improve urea determination. The prediction errors of the concentration of urea and potassium in the blood serum samples analyzed with this array and a PLS2 calibration model, based on nine calibration samples, were lower than 10 and 5%, respectively.     

Role of Time Scales in the Coupled Epidemic-Opinion Dynamics on Multiplex Networks

Modelling the epidemic’s spread on multiplex networks, considering complex human behaviours, has recently gained the attention of many scientists. In this work, we study the interplay between epidemic spreading and opinion dynamics on multiplex networks. An agent in the epidemic layer could remain in one of five distinct states, resulting in the SIRQD model. The agent’s attitude towards respecting the restrictions of the pandemic plays a crucial role in its prevalence. In our model, the agent’s point of view could be altered by either conformism mechanism, social pressure, or independent actions. As the underlying opinion model, we leverage the q-voter model. The entire system constitutes a coupled opinion–dynamic model where two distinct processes occur. The question arises of how to properly align these dynamics, i.e., whether they should possess equal or disparate timescales. This paper highlights the impact of different timescales of opinion dynamics on epidemic spreading, focusing on the time and the infection’s peak.     

微流控芯片电泳-多重聚合酶链反应法同时测定多个单碱基多态性位点

以微流控芯片电泳为检测平台,建立了多重PCR扩增法同时测定多个单碱基多态性(SNP)位点的方法。先通过PCR扩增得一段含所有待测SNP位点的长片段;用限制性内切酶消化成短片段,再将酶切反应产物与脱氧核糖核酸适配器(DNAadapter)相连;以连接产物为模板,分成两管,分别用n条等位基因特异性引物和一条通用引物进行n重PCR扩增;最后用微流控芯片电泳法分离PCR扩增产物,根据两管扩增产物的芯片电泳图谱中扩增片段的大小判断SNP的类型。以细胞色素P4502D6(CYP2D6)基因中的5个SNP位点(100C>T、1661G>C、1758G>T、2470T>C和2850C>T)为检测对象,考察了各等位基因特异性引物之间的相互影响和扩增反应的特异性,采用微流控芯片电泳法成功测定了20名健康中国人的CYP2D6基因中5个SNP位点的基因多态性,与聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性法(PCR-RFLP)测定结果完全一致。     

聚合酶键式反应生物芯片/微装置的实时定量荧光检测

以微电子机械系统技术而发展起来的聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Re-action,PCR)生物芯片/微装置,由于具有所需样品和反应混合物体积少,反应速度快以及集成化程度高等优点而日益引起人们的重视。实时定量PCR是利用能特异标记PCR产物的荧光染料来动态显示PCR产物的累积,从而得到PCR扩增曲线的技术。本文介绍了实时定量检测技术及其在PCR生物芯片/微装置中的应用。     

主成份回归法同时分析混合多组份体系

用主成份分析法研究多组份体系,用非线性迭代偏最小二乘法求出各个主成份向量,建立多组份体系分析的主成份回归分析法模型,利用该模型对未知样品进行浓度预报分析。     

草原兔尾鼠ZP3基因密码子优化及其在酵母中的表达

目的:提高草原兔尾鼠(L agurus lagurus)卵透明带3(LZP 3)基因在酵母细胞中表达的水平.方法:利用重叠PCR技术,定点突变LZP 3基因上6个稀有的密码子簇,将LZP 3基因中11个稀有的密码子更换成毕赤酵母(P ich ia Pastoris)最常用的相应密码子.将获得的LZP 3突变基因(LZP 3m)插入pGAPZαA中,构建穿梭表达载体.以重组体转化P ich ia Pastoris SM D 1168菌株进行表达.结果:LZP 3m基因的表达量比野生型LZP 3基因明显提高.结论:通过密码子优化,能显著提高LZP 3基因在酵母细胞中的表达水平.     

PLSR模型的回归效果分析

本文简单地介绍了多元线性回归、主元回归、部分最小二乘回归模型 ,用实例对三种方法的回归性能进行比较 ,并指出在消除多重共线性、回归系数估计精度及预测精度等方面 ,部分最小二乘回归模型优于其它两种模型     

用PCR技术检测生物硝化池污水中硝化细菌(Nitrobacteria)的研究

从生物硝化池污水水样中分离了硝化细菌DNA,以其为模板,针对其16Sr RNA基因及23Sr RNA基因而设计合成了两对引物并分别进行了PCR扩增,扩增产物的2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果显示,硝化细菌DNA模板得到了特异性扩增．参照分子量标准（Marker）的电泳结果,被扩增的DNA条带大小分别约为400bp和730bp．实验结果表明PCR 技术可用于污水中硝化细菌的快速检测．