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101.
Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Mandelic Acid Esters by N,N′‐Dioxide–Scandium‐Complex‐Catalyzed Enantiomer‐Selective Acylation
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Yuheng Zhang Prof. Dr. Xiaohua Liu Lin Zhou Wangbin Wu Tianyu Huang Yuting Liao Lili Lin Prof. Dr. Xiaoming Feng 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(48):15884-15890
A simple and efficient acylative kinetic resolution of racemic mandelic acid esters was accomplished with a chiral N,N’‐dioxide–scandium(III) complex under mild and base‐free reaction conditions. A variety of mandelic acid esters performed well in the reaction, obtaining both acylated products (up to 49% yield, 97% ee) and recovered substrates (up to 49% yield, 95% ee) in high enantioselectivities with perfect selectivity factors (up to 247). The enantioselective recognition and catalytic models were also proposed for the catalytic KR reaction. 相似文献
102.
Chemical Probing of the Human Sirtuin 5 Active Site Reveals Its Substrate Acyl Specificity and Peptide‐Based Inhibitors
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![点击此处可从《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Claudia Roessler Theresa Nowak Martin Pannek Dr. Melanie Gertz Giang T. T. Nguyen Michael Scharfe Dr. Ilona Born Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Sippl Prof. Dr. Clemens Steegborn Prof. Dr. Mike Schutkowski 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(40):10728-10732
Sirtuins are NAD+‐dependent deacetylases acting as sensors in metabolic pathways and stress response. In mammals there are seven isoforms. The mitochondrial sirtuin 5 is a weak deacetylase but a very efficient demalonylase and desuccinylase; however, its substrate acyl specificity has not been systematically analyzed. Herein, we investigated a carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 derived peptide substrate and modified the lysine side chain systematically to determine the acyl specificity of Sirt5. From that point we designed six potent peptide‐based inhibitors that interact with the NAD+ binding pocket. To characterize the interaction details causing the different substrate and inhibition properties we report several X‐ray crystal structures of Sirt5 complexed with these peptides. Our results reveal the Sirt5 acyl selectivity and its molecular basis and enable the design of inhibitors for Sirt5. 相似文献
103.
Ruben Elvas-Leito Filomena Martins Leonor Borbinha Catarina Marranita Angela Martins Nelson Nunes 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2020,25(23)
Attempts to optimize heterogeneous catalysis often lack quantitative comparative analysis. The use of kinetic modelling leads to rate (k) and relative sorption equilibrium constants (K), which can be further rationalized using Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships (QSPR) based on Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR). Friedel-Crafts acylation using commercial and hierarchical BEA zeolites as heterogeneous catalysts, acetic anhydride as the acylating agent, and a set of seven substrates with different sizes and chemical functionalities were herein studied. Catalytic results were correlated with the physicochemical properties of substrates and catalysts. From this analysis, a robust set of equations was obtained allowing inferences about the dominant factors governing the processes. Not entirely surprising, the rate and sorption equilibrium constants were found to be explained in part by common factors but of opposite signs: higher and stronger adsorption forces increase reaction rates, but they also make the zeolite active sites less accessible to new reactant molecules. The most relevant parameters are related to the substrates’ molecular size, which can be associated with different reaction steps, namely accessibility to micropores, diffusion capacity, and polarizability of molecules. The relatively large set of substrates used here reinforces previous findings and brings further insights into the factors that hamper/speed up Friedel-Crafts reactions in heterogeneous media. 相似文献
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仲酰胺经酰胺活化直接合成酮的普适性方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文报道仲酰胺经去胺基烷基化反应直接合成酮的通用性方法. 这一新的C-C 键形成方法是基于Tf2O 对仲酰胺的活化及有机铈试剂对活化所形成活性中间体的加成而实现的. 该方法可用于各种酮的合成, 包括烷基-烷基酮、烷基-芳基酮、芳基-芳基酮、α,β-不饱和酮以及β-氯-α,β-不饱和酮等, 收率65%~90%. 研究表明, 除了有机铈试剂外, 碱性较弱的炔基硼试剂、温和亲核性的烯丙基三甲基硅烷以及低亲核性的苯乙烯均可与仲酰胺的活化中间体进行加成反应, 水解后生成相应的酮. 因此, 该方法具有较好的普适性和重要的合成应用价值. 基于实验结果和验证实验, 提出经由腈鎓中间体的可能反应机理. 本法使仲酰胺成为形式上的酰化试剂, 不但可与有机金属试剂反应, 还可与烯丙基三甲基硅烷和苯乙烯进行还原酰化反应. 相似文献
109.
This study was undertaken to establish one of the most reliable sampling methods and to precisely evaluate the bias involved in the collection of airborne pollutant samples. For the purpose of our study, we investigated the performance of three different types of sampling techniques by measuring major aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOC) in outdoor air; the target analytes specifically include benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (commonly called BTEX). As the first step of our approach, we designed and developed a multi-channel sampling system consisting of a six-port mass flow controller (SJU-MFC) system. Because this system allowed the collection of up to six replicate samples, our measurement results were analyzed and screened statistically for the derivation of high-quality BTEX data. The feasibility of this sampling system was further tested through a comparison with concurrent measurement data sets obtained by two additional, but independent, sampling techniques: (1) automatic continuous sampler (ACS) and (2) on-line GC (O-GC) system. Based on the data sets collected concurrently by three different sampling methods, we attempted to evaluate the compatibility of sampling techniques. Although the results obtained by SJU-MFC system were not statistically different from those of the O-GC system, they were moderately distinguishable from those of ACS. Such patterns were seen consistently, when examined by correlation analysis. The overall results of our study thus generally point out that the compatibility of data sets, when the proper caution is taken, improve significantly among different sampling methodologies. 相似文献
110.
Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to the optimization of on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) parameters, and an automated system of on-line SPE coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was developed for the determination of puerarin and daidzein in human serum. The human serum sample of 50 μL was injected into a conditioned C18 SPE cartridge, and the matrix was washed out with acetonitrile-KH2PO4-triethylamine buffer (0.01 M, pH 7.4) (3:97, v/v) for 3 min at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. Then the target analytes were eluted and transferred to the analytical column. A chromatographic gradient elution was programmed with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and KH2PO4-triethylamine buffer, and the analytes were determined with a fluorescence detector at excitation wavelength of 350 nm and emission wavelength of 472 nm, respectively. The proposed method presented good linear relations (0.85-170 μg/mL for puerarin and 0.2-40 μg/mL for daidzein), satisfactory precision (RSD < 8%), and accredited recovery (92.5-107.8%). 相似文献