毛细管凝胶电泳法测定硫代寡核苷酸药物癌泰得的含量

癌泰得为20碱基的抑制端粒酶催化亚基hTERT的硫代反义寡核苷酸,体内、体外抗肿瘤活性评价显示其有较好的抗肿瘤活性。采用固相合成仪分别制备了癌泰得及与其碱基百分组成基本相同的硫代寡核苷酸内标,并使用制备型阴离子交换色谱和反相高效液相色谱进行纯化。采用毛细管凝胶电泳仪和单链DNA分离试剂盒测定了癌泰得的含量。所用毛细管规格为内径100 μm,总长31 cm,有效长度20 cm;电动进样,进样电压-10 kV,进样时间1 s;分离电压-12.4 kV;柱体温度40 ℃;样品储存温度为30 ℃;缓冲溶液为pH     

正丁基硫代磷酸酯的合成及其摩擦学性能研究

用MS、 FT-IR等方法对合成的三正丁基一硫代及四硫代磷酸酯进行了结构表征,并在四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察了其在液体石蜡中的摩擦学性能;用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对钢球磨痕表面做了分析.结果表明: 对于钢-钢摩擦副,合成的两种硫代磷酸酯可以显著提高液体石蜡的极压抗磨性能,但不能改善其减摩性能.钢球磨损表面XPS和SEM分析结果表明,添加剂分子在金属表面发生物理或化学吸附,并导致金属表面的腐蚀和摩擦化学反应.     

Synthesis of dinucleoside,di(2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro)nucleoside phosphates and phosphorothioates and their stability to snake venom phosphodiesterase

Dithymidine, di(2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro)-cytidine and -uridine phosphate and phosphorothioate have been synthesized. The stereochemistry of the condensation reaction between 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoronucleoside phosphoramidite and nucleoside was preliminarily investigated. The diastereomer separation of the protected phosphorothioates was performed by silica gel column chromatography. The stability of these compounds to snake venom phosphodiesterase was determined.     

TRANSFORMATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS S-TRIFLUOROMETHYLTHIOATES RR'P(O)SCFs INTO FLUORIDATES RR'P(0)F3 STEREOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THIOCARBONYL FLUORIDE EXTRUSION

Abstract

The stereochemical course of the thermal or by nucleophiles catalyzed extrusion reaction of thiocarbonyl fluoride from Two diastereoisomeric (6) and optically active (10) organophosphorus S-trifluoromethylthioates has been investigated. To explain the observed retention of configuration at phosphorus in fluoridates 7 formed in the thermal reactions, a four center transition state for such reactions has been proposed. The lack of the stereoselectivity in the catalyzed reactions of 6, and the observed racemization of the final product 11 are briefly discussed.     

Transition from concerted to stepwise processes as a function of leaving group ability: density functional theory and experimental study of lyoxide‐promoted cleavages of phosphorothioate and phosphate triesters in water and methanol

The base‐promoted solvolysis of a series of O,O‐dimethyl O‐aryl and O,O‐dimethyl O‐alkyl phosphorothioates (1) as well as O,O‐dimethyl O‐aryl and O,O‐dimethyl O‐alkyl phosphates (2) was studied computationally by density functional theory methods in methanol and water continuum media to determine the transition between concerted and stepwise processes. In addition, an experimental study was undertaken on the solvolysis of these series in basic methanol and water. The computations indicate that the solvolytic mechanism for series 1 involves lyoxide attack anti to the leaving group in a concerted manner with good leaving groups having pK_a^Lg values < 12.3 in methanol and in a stepwise fashion with the formation of a 5‐coordinate thiophosphorane intermediate when the pK_a^Lg > 12.3. A similar transition from concerted to stepwise mechanism occurs with series 2 in methanol as well as with series 1 and 2 in water, although for the aqueous solvolyses with hydroxide nucleophile, the transitions between concerted and stepwise mechanisms occur with better leaving groups than in the case in methanol. The computational data allow the construction of Brønsted plots of log k₂^?OS versus pK_a^Lg in methanol and water, which are compared with the experimental Brønsted plots determined with these series previously and with new data determined in this work. Both the computational and experimental Brønsted data reveal discontinuities in the plots between substrates bearing O‐aryl and O‐alkyl leaving groups, with the gradients of the plots being far steeper than, and non‐collinear with, the O‐aryl leaving groups for solvolysis of the O‐alkyl‐containing substrates. These discontinuities signify that care should be exercised in interpreting breaks in Brønsted plots in terms of changes in rate‐limiting steps that signify the formation of an intermediate during a solvolytic process. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antisense Gapmers with LNA-Wings and (S)-5′-C-Aminopropyl-2′-arabinofluoro-nucleosides Could Efficiently Suppress the Expression of KNTC2

Previously reported (S)-5′-C-aminopropyl-2′-arabinofluoro-thymidine (5ara-T) and newly synthesized (S)-5′-C-aminopropyl-2′-arabinofluoro-5-methyl-cytidine (5ara-^MeC) analogs were incorporated into a series of antisense gapmers containing multiple phosphorothioate (PS) linkages and locked nucleic acids (LNAs) in their wing regions. The functional properties of the gapmers were further evaluated in vitro. Compared with the positive control, for the LNA-wing full PS gapmer without 5ara modification, it was revealed that each gapmer could have a high affinity and be thermally stable under biological conditions. Although the cleavage pattern was obviously changed; gapmers with 5ara modification could still efficiently activate E. coli RNase H1. In addition, incorporating one 5ara modification into the two phosphodiester linkages could reverse the destabilization in enzymatic hydrolysis caused by fewer PS linkages. In vitro cellular experiments were also performed, and the Lipofectamine^® 2000 (LFA)+ group showed relatively higher antisense activity than the LFA-free group. KN5ara-10, which contains fewer PS linkages, showed similar or slightly better antisense activity than the corresponding full PS-modified KN5ara-3. Hence, KN5ara-10 may be the most promising candidate for KNTC2-targeted cancer therapy.