New Wavelet Bases and Isometric Between Symbolic Operators Spaces $$ {\text{OP}}S^{m}_{{1,\delta }} $$ and Kernel Distributions Spaces

In the fifties, Calderón established a formal relation between symbol and kernel distribution, but it is difficult to establish an intrinsic relation. The Calderón-Zygmund (C-Z) school studied the C-Z operators, and Hörmander, Kohn and Nirenberg, et al. studied the symbolic operators. Here we apply a refinement of the Littlewood-Paley (L-P) decomposition, analyse under new wavelet bases, to characterize both symbolic operators spaces \({\text{OP}}S^{m}_{{1,\delta }} \) and kernel distributions spaces with other spaces composed of some almost diagonal matrices, then get an isometric between \({\text{OP}}S^{m}_{{1,\delta }} \) and kernel distribution spaces     

A new proof of Korzhik's result on burst distributions

We obtain a simple derivation of Korzhik's result on the burst distribution of a linear code.     

Gehinderte ligandenbewegungen in übergangsmetallkomplexen : V. 1H-NMR-untersuchung der bewegungen des olefinliganden in cyclopentadienyl-mangan-dicarbonyl-tetramethoxyäthylen

The methoxy signals in the ¹H NMR spectrum of cyclopentadienylmanganese dicarbonyl tetramethoxyethylene, C₅H₅Mn(CO)₂[C₂(OCH₃)₄], show a definite temperature-dependence. In CS₂ solution the variations of the signals are observed within a single temperature range, while in toluene-d₈ two regions of change are found to exist. These data are explained on the basis of two mutually independent ligand movements: a hindered rotation of the olefin ligand around the metalligand bond (ΔG³₁₉₄ = 9.8 ± 0.6 kcal/mol), and a hindered movement of the four methoxy groups (ΔG³₂₆₃ = 13.8 ± 0.3 kcal/mol, both in toluene-d₈. Chiral conformations of the ligand are assumed to be formed when the movement of the methoxy substituents ceases.     

A Biokinetic Model to Describe Consequences of Inhibition/Stimulation in <Emphasis Type="Italic">DNA</Emphasis>-Proofreading and -Repair,Part 4

Summary. In previous papers a strongly simplified physical-mathematical (biokinetic) model has been presented, which dealt with the factors influencing the timely development of DNA mismatches dependent cells (malignant cells) in their kinetic competition to the development of normal somatic cells (i.e. cells with correct genetic information). The kinetic results have been studied by comparing them with experimental results reported in the literature upon inhibiting the organisms own enzymatic DNA-proofreading and repair machinery. In spite of the fact that the model uses fully the chances of kinetics, which allows to describe even rather complicated systems with many regulation circuits and feed back loops in a rather simple, summarizing way, it has been demonstrated that the model does not only well describe the experimentally found significant increases of mutants in cases when the DNA repair system has been inhibited, but it can also reflect cancer-development and the efficacy of classical cancer therapies like surgery or chemotherapy as well.In applying the predictions of the model as to the opposite of an inhibition of the DNA repair system, i.e., in testing the results, if the organisms own repair systems were stimulated, the model shows that there could be a chance for a new, adjuvant cancer-therapy if this concept was combined with biochemical facts and clinical findings which are reported in the literature.In continuation of this concept, the predictions of the model have been compared with findings upon cancer-therapies by apoptosis-triggerers like tamoxifen. Further, according to the fact that there exists literature by which it is demonstrated by clinical facts that it is not necessary to use living cells (e.g. from umbilical cords blood or bone-marrow) to achieve surprising therapeutic successes in cancer therapy, but also cell-free human-placenta-extracts (HPEs) can be similarily effective, it has been tried in a first preliminary analytical effort to characterize effector-substances contained therein.Received January 27, 2003; accepted (revised) March 25, 2003 Published online August 18, 2003     

New conversion of Friendl(a)nder reaction of 3-amino-lH-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitriles with cyclohexanone

Two different skeletons of heterocyclic compounds, quinoline and quinazolinone analogs could be obtained by a novel one-potsynthesis from substituted 3-amino-lH-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile derivatives and cyclohexanone in DMF in the catalyst ofanhydrous zinc chloride under reflux. A plausible mechanism was proposed.     

Classification of chromatographic data using multidimensional polynomials

Summary A pattern recognition methodology has been developed for analysis of chromatographic data. The method uses a new class of multidimensional orthogonal polynomials developed by Cohen in conjunction with a supervised learning technique. The method is applicable to any chromatographic data for which classification into two or more categories is desired. The algorithm analyzes both elution times and peak areas. An application is shown for the analysis of organic acids in ascitic fluid obtained from patients with liver disorders. Classification of these patients for presence or absence of bacterial infection shows over ninety percent correct classification.     

Oxidopyrylium [5+2] cycloaddition chemistry: Historical perspective and recent advances (2008–2018)

The following review article provides an overview of oxidopyrylium [5+2] cycloaddition chemistry, with a particular emphasis placed on seminal historical developments and advancements made over the last decade. It is our hope this review serves as a valuable resource to those interested in the oxidopyrylium cycloaddition chemistry, and helps inspire future advancements.     

Analysis of industry equilibria in models with sustaining and disruptive technology

This paper analyzes a special type of technology evolution, referred to in the literature as disruptive technology vs. sustaining technology. In general, “old” products based on sustaining technology are perceived to be superior to the “new” ones based on disruptive technology. However, the latter have distinctive features that allow them to attract an exclusive set of customers. Examples include notebooks vs. netbooks, hard-disk drives vs. solid-state drives, laser printers vs. inkjet printers, etc. We consider a model with an established firm and an entrant firm that have heterogeneous product-offering capabilities: the established firm can offer either or both types of products, while the entrant firm can only offer new products. Firms make capacity, pricing, and quantity decisions that maximize their ex-ante profit. Within this framework, we analyze deterministic games with perfect information and stochastic games with uncertain valuation of the disruptive technology. Equilibrium decisions are discussed under various market conditions, as well as under dedicated vs. flexible capacity assumptions.     

Multiresidue determination of 11 new fungicides in grapes and wines by liquid–liquid extraction/clean-up and programmable temperature vaporization injection with analyte protectants/gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry

A gas chromatographic ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-ITMS) method was developed for the determination of 11 new generation fungicides (benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, boscalid, cyazofamid, famoxadone, fenamidone, fluquinconazole, iprovalicarb, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin and zoxamide) in grapes and wines. Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate:hexane (1:1, v/v) and cleaned-up with graphitized carbon black/primary secondary amine (GCB/PSA) solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges using acetonitrile:toluene (3:1, v/v) as eluent. The addition of analyte protectants (3-ethoxy-1,2-propanediol, d-sorbitol and l-gulonic acid γ-lactone) in the final extracts allowed to avoid the matrix-induced response enhancement effect on quantitation process with absolute recoveries ca. 100%. Precision (expressed as relative standard deviation) was lower than 16% for all fungicides. Limits of detection and quantitation were lower than 0.01 mg/kg or mg/L, except for cyazofamid, much smaller in all cases than maximum residue levels (MRLs) established by European Union for grapes and by Switzerland and Italy for wines. The proposed method was applied to determine fungicide residues in three different white grapes for vinification produced in Ribeiro area in Galicia (NW Spain), as well as in their corresponding final wines.     

A note on the second problem of Stokes for Maxwell fluids

New exact solutions corresponding to the second problem of Stokes for Maxwell fluids have been established by means of Laplace transforms. For large times, these solutions reduce to the well-known steady-state solutions which are periodic in time and independent of the initial conditions. Furthermore, the transient solutions are in accordance with the previous solutions obtained using the Fourier sine transform. The required time to get the steady-state is determined by graphical illustrations. This time decreases if the frequency of the velocity increases. The effects of the material parameters on the decay of the transients in time are also investigated by graphs.