二维红外相关光谱研究缠结对冷冻升华无规聚苯乙烯分子运动的影响

用冷冻升华法制备了浓度为1×10^－4 和2×10^－5 g/mL的单链无规聚苯乙烯(a-PS). 利用FTIR测试方法, 测定a-PS在等温处理时红外吸收峰的时间依赖性与温度依赖性, 研究样品中链缠结和链结构单元的堆积等因素对红外吸收峰的影响, 进而探讨链缠结对a-PS分子运动的影响. 同时, 也通过二维相关分析来研究a-PS等温实验过程中, 链缠结的变化情况以及官能团之间的变化顺序, 推断在a-PS等温时, 与链结构单元的堆积相联系的苯环振动首先发生, 其次才是与链缠结相关联的CH₂振动发生变化, 并由此确定缠结对冷冻升华a-PS分子运动的影响.     

环糊精与丹参酮IIA包合作用的研究

通过荧光光谱方法分别研究了丹参酮IIA在溶液的pH为7．5时与β—CD和γ—CD的包合常数,对客体的包结能力β-CD〉γ-CD;并利用热力学方法研究了温度对包合反应的影响,计算了包合过程的熵变、焓变及自由能变化;分子模拟方法进一步证实了该包合物的形成;采用超声波法制备了环糊精与丹参酮IIA的固体包合物,并用红外光谱对固体包合物进行了表征．     

纳米金探针检测Hg 2+离子

利用Hg2＋的核酸适体修饰纳米金形成探针建立了一种定量检测Hg2＋离子的方法. Hg2＋适体吸附在纳米金表面, 使纳米金的稳定性增强, 抑制氯化钠对纳米金的团聚作用. 溶液中有Hg2＋离子存在时, 由于适体与纳米金的吸附作用小于适体与Hg2＋离子的亲和作用, 纳米金失去适体保护在氯化钠作用下发生团聚. 溶液颜色由红变蓝, 紫外-可见光谱最大吸收峰由520 nm红移至620 nm. 在优化条件下, 吸光度的比值(A620/A520)与Hg2＋离子浓度在5.0×10－9～7.2×10－7 mol•L－1范围内呈线性关系, 检测限可达3.3×10－10 mol•L－1. 研究了K＋, Ca2＋等常见离子的干扰, 结果表明该方法具有良好的选择性.     

两种蒙药中锗的差示脉冲极谱测定及其红外光谱的差异

采用差示脉冲极谱法,以3,4-二羟基苯甲醛的0.072 mol·L-1硫酸溶液作为底液,在峰电位为-0.53 Ⅴ(vs．Ag/AgCl),锗(Ⅳ)浓度在1.03×10-5～1004×10-4mol·L-1范围内与峰电流呈线性关系.据此测定了阿嘎日-35和阿嘎日-8中总锗、无机锗、有机锗含量,并利用红外光谱比较了两种蒙药的红外谱图的差异,据此可对两种蒙药予以区别.     

BEDT-TTF-based radical cation salt with the cyanurate anion: synthesis,structure, conductivity,and polarized reflection spectra

The new conducting radical cation salt, bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene cyanurate, was synthesized. This salt is an organic metal down to 4 K. The crystal structure, conductivity, and optical properties of the salt were studied. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 96–101, January, 2008.     

Discrimination of Ganoderma lucidum according to geographical origin with near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and pattern recognition techniques

A rapid and nondestructive near infrared (NIR) method combined with chemometrics was used to discriminate Ganoderma lucidum according to cultivation area. Raw, first, and second derivative NIR spectra were compared to develop a robust classification rule. The chemical properties of G. lucidum samples were also investigated to find out the difference between samples from six varied origins. It could be found that the amount of polysaccharides and triterpenoid saponins in G. lucidum samples was considerably different based on cultivation area. These differences make NIR spectroscopic method viable. Principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant partial least-squares (DPLS) and discriminant analysis (DA) were applied to classify the geographical origins of those samples. The results showed that excellent classification could be obtained after optimizing spectral pre-treatment. For the discriminating of samples from three different provinces, DPLS provided 100% correct classifications. Moreover, for samples from six different locations, the correct classifications of the calibration as well as the validation data set were 96.6% using the DA method after the SNV first derivative spectral pre-treatment. Overall, NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy using pattern recognition was shown to have significant potential as a rapid and accurate method for the identification of herbal medicines.     

A comparative study of calibration transfer methods for determination of gasoline quality parameters in three different near infrared spectrometers

This work presents a comparative study of calibration transfer among three near infrared spectrometers for determination of naphthenes and RON (Research Octane Number) in gasoline. Seven transfer methods are compared: direct standardization (DS), piecewise direct standardization (PDS), orthogonal signal correction (OSC), reverse standardization (RS), piecewise reverse standardization (PRS), slope and bias correction (SBC) and model updating (MU). Two pre-treatment procedures, namely standard normal variate (SNV) and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), are also investigated. The choice of an appropriate number of transfer samples for each technique, as well as the effect of window size in PDS/PRS and OSC components, are discussed. A broad set of gasoline samples representative of the Northeastern states of Brazil is employed in the investigation. The results show that the use of calibration transfer yields prediction errors comparable to those obtained with complete recalibration of the secondary instrument. Overall, the results point to RS as the best method for the analytical problem under consideration. When storage and/or physical transportation of transfer samples are impractical, MU is more appropriate. The comprehensive investigation carried out in the present work will be of value for practitioners involved in networks of fuel monitoring.     

Reactivity of M(en)Cl2 (M = Pd/Pt,en = 1,2-diaminoethane) with N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-p-phenylenediamine: Binding with hexafluorobenzene

Schiff base N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-p-phenylenediamine (LH₂) complexed with Pt(en)Cl₂ and Pd(en)Cl₂ provided [Pt(en)L]₂ · 4PF₆ (1) and Pd(Salen) (2) (Salen = N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-ethylenediamine), respectively, which were characterized by their elemental analysis, spectroscopic data and X-ray data. A solid complex obtained by the reaction of hexafluorobenzene (hfb) with the representative complex 1 has been isolated and characterized as 3 (1 · hfb) using UV–Vis, NMR (¹H, ¹³C and ¹⁹F) data. A solid complex of hfb with a reported Zn-cyclophane 4 has also been prepared and characterized 5 (4 · hfb) for comparison with complex 3. The association of hfb with 1 and 4 has also been monitored using UV–Vis and luminescence data.     

含油污泥的热解特性研究

利用热重 傅里叶变换红外光谱联用仪与管式电阻炉对含油污泥热解特性进行了研究,分析了热解过程及影响因素（污泥性质与升温速率）,并由气体析出特性研究了热解机理。结果表明,热解过程包括水分挥发、轻质油挥发、重质油热解、半焦炭化与矿物质分解五种反应,矿物油反应集中发生在220℃～480℃。污泥性质影响因素中,产生环节最为显著,罐底泥、污水污泥失重明显而落地油泥失重不明显,矿物质组分含量越高,挥发分转化率越低;而污泥的油源基属影响较小。升温速率越大,反应进行的越快,挥发分转化率降低。热解机理包括矿物油含氧官能团裂解,链烃及侧链上的断链,环化、芳构化以及缩合脱氢。     

基于曲线拟合的形态相似鹅膏菌的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测试了形态相似的灰疣鹅膏菌、灰绒鹅膏菌和灰褶鹅膏菌的光谱,结果显示,它们的傅里叶变换红外光谱主要由蛋白质和多糖的振动吸收带组成,其蛋白质的吸收频率略有差。选择酰胺I带(中心频率1647cm-1)进行傅里叶自去卷积和曲线拟合处理后3种鹅膏菌中蛋白质在酰胺I带的吸收峰都由12个子峰叠加而成,其中在无序(1650cm-1)、α螺旋(1658cm-1)和β转角结构(1666cm-1)的振动吸收峰上,灰褶鹅膏菌吸收峰的面积百分比分别是20.98%、4.47%和17.14%,明显地区别于其它两种鹅膏菌(灰疣鹅膏菌:10.26%、12.58%和7.71%;灰绒鹅膏菌:14.33%、9.76%和8.83%)。在1683cm-1处的β转角吸收峰上,灰绒鹅膏菌吸收峰的面积百分比是1.92%,明显小于其它两种鹅膏菌(灰疣鹅膏菌:8.03%;灰褶鹅膏菌:6.65%)。研究表明:傅里叶变换红外光谱技术能提供大型真菌所含蛋白质二级结构信息。