Studies of the g factors and the local structure of the orthorhombic Ni center in KTaO3 crystal

The local structure and the g factor (g_x, g_y, and g_z) of the Ni⁺ center in KTaO₃ are theoretically studied using the perturbation formulas of the g factors for a 3d⁹ ion in orthorhombically elongated octahedra. The orthorhombic field parameters are determined from the superposition model and the local geometry of the system. In view of the covalency, the contributions from the ligand orbital and spin–orbit coupling interactions are taken into account from the cluster approach. In the calculations, the orthorhombic center is attributed to Ni⁺ occupying the host Ta⁵⁺ site, associated with the nearest-neighboring oxygen vacancy V_O along the c-axis. Furthermore, the planar Ni⁺–O²⁻ bonds are found to experience the relative variation ΔR (≈0.076 Å) along the a- and b-axis, respectively, due to the Jahn–Teller effect and the size mismatching substitution of Ta⁵⁺ by Ni⁺. Meanwhile, the effectively positive V_O can make the central Ni⁺ displace away from V_O along the c-axis by about 0.20 Å. The calculated g factors based on the above local distortions show good agreement with the experimental data.     

Aggregation processes in micellar solutions: a Raman study

Ionic surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) belong to the amphiphile family: they possess a long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain and a polar hydrophilic headgroup. In a polar solvent and over the critical micellar concentration these molecules join to form micelles. The micellar solutions, in turn, if doped with various ligands tend to aggregate. Solid SDS, micelles of SDS in water and micelles of SDS doped with two types of macrocyclic ligands, Kryptofix 2.2.2 (K222) and crown ether 18‐Crown‐6 (18C6), at different concentrations are studied by Raman scattering, that represents a new approach to such systems. The experimental Raman spectrum, obtained on crystalline powders of SDS, is compared with the ab initio computed spectrum in order to assign the vibrational bands. After discriminating sensitive peaks by comparing the crystalline powders of the single components and their water solutions, the aggregation process and the action of the ligands are analyzed following the evolution of the intensity and wavenumber of these characteristic Raman peaks. This shows that Raman spectroscopy is sensitive to the aggregation dynamics and to the effects induced by the hydration layer on the molecules in solutions. A saturation effect in the aggregation process with the increase of the ligand concentration is observed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Spectroscopy Study on Cobalt EDTA Complexes

The photoacoustic spectra of Co(H2EDTA)·3H20, Ca[Co(EDTA)H20]·4H20, Sr[Co(HEDTA)H20]2·4H20, Ba[Co(HEDTA)H20]2·4H20 complexes crystal are determined in the region of 300–800nm. In these spectra, the separations of absorption bands observed at 510nm and 650nm, the peak widths of 510nm band are variable in this series complexes. It is explained by the electron mutual effect, strength of ligand field and the symmetry of coordination group. The structure characters of these series complexes are also discussed.     

Study of the positive muon Knight shift in : Evidence for a tetravalent -state and crystalline electric field splitting

We report on transverse field (TF) Muon Spin Rotation (μSR) measurements on a single crystal of the hexagonal heavy fermion superconductor UNi₂Al₃ between 5 K and 300 K. From the measured muon Knight shift (KS) in the easy ( a , b )-plane and along the c-axis we extracted the local magnetic susceptibility tensor [0pt] , which arises from the nearest U-neighbors. By comparison with the bulk susceptibility [0pt] it is found that [0pt] and [0pt] agree well above 150 K but deviate considerably in the basal plane below 150 K, due to the disturbance introduced by the . We succeed in reproducing both [0pt] and [0pt] on the basis of a crystalline electric field (CEF)-approach assuming U to be in the tetravalent state. The disturbance introduced by the affects the CEF-Hamiltonian in an expected manner, suggesting strongly that a CEF-picture implying a rather local 5 f-electron wave function is indeed valid. Reanalyzing older data on UPd₂Al₃ we arrive at the same conclusion. A necessary condition for extracting the local susceptibility was the knowledge of the -site, this information was derived from the analysis of the TF-relaxation rates. At low temperatures we found about 30% of the implanted at the d-site and none at this site above 200 K. The majority fraction was found to be in a tunneling state over six m (or k)-sites around the b-site. No long range diffusion was seen up to room temperature. Received 20 April 1999     

Complexation of heterocyclic ligands with DNA in aqueous solution

We have used spectrophotometry to study self-association and complexation with DNA by organic heterocyclic compounds in the acridine and phenothiazine series: proflavin, thionine, and methylene blue. Based on the experimental concentration dependences of the molar absorption coefficient of the molecules in an aqueous buffer solution (0.01 M NaCl, 0.01 M Na₂EDTA, 0.01 M Tris, pH 7.4, T = 298 K), we have determined the equilibrium dimerization constants for the dyes and the DNA complexation parameters using the Scatchard and McGhee-von Hippel models. The observed increase in the cooperativity parameters as the dimerization constants of the ligands increase allowed us to hypothesize that the same interactions occur between dye molecules adsorbed on DNA as in their self-association. The equilibrium DNA-binding constants for the ligands, obtained using the McGhee-von Hippel cooperative model, are (20.9 ± 2.7)·10³ M⁻¹ for proflavin and (33.8 ± 4.1)·10³ M⁻¹ for thionine. Using the Scatchard model, taking into account intercalation and “external” binding of ligands with DNA, we determined the DNA complexation constants for methylene blue: (26.4 ± 4.6)·10³ and (96 ± 17)·10³ M⁻¹ respectively. Based on analysis of the data obtained, we hypothesized that the predominant type of binding with DNA is intercalation binding in the case of proflavin and thionine, and “external” binding with the DNA surface in the case of methylene blue. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 242–249, March–April, 2008.     

［Co(tren)(amino acidato-N,O)］X2·nH2O在溶液中的NMR研究

报道了配合物［Co(tren)(DL-phenylalaninato)］(ClO₄)₂ (Ⅰ)、Co(tren)(L-prolinato)］I₂·H₂O (Ⅱ)、［Co(tren) (L-valinato)］I₂·1/3H₂O (Ⅲ)、［Co(tren)(L-isoleucinato)］I₂ (Ⅳ)、［Co(tren) ( L-leucinato)］I₂ (Ⅴ) 在溶液中的NMR研究. 通过同核和异核二 维核磁共振实验归属了配合物的¹H和¹³C NMR ，发现在配合物的空间结构 中，四齿配体(tren)的3个螯合臂中有两个构象稳定，而另一个构象不稳定，这与晶体学数据吻合. 通过变温实验和溶剂效应实验，发现在配合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ中存在分子内氢键，而在晶体结构中，所有配合物都存在分子间氢键. 配合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ在溶液中的行为需进一步的研究 .     

用NMR技术研究蛋白质-配体相互作用

蛋白质-配体相互作用的研究对理解生命过程、药物设计和药物筛选具有相当重要的科学意义和巨大的经济价值. NMR是研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的最有用的技术之一,有着显著的优势. 本文综述了近年来国际上用NMR技术研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的发展状况和趋势,先介绍表征蛋白质-配体相互作用的重要参数,然后介绍如何判断蛋白质或配体与复合物的化学交换类型以及所能获得的有关蛋白质-配体相互作用的信息,最后介绍具体用于研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的若干NMR技术以及基于NMR的药物筛选技术.     

有机锡5-甲基/氨基-1H-四唑乙酸酯的合成、结构与抗肿瘤活性

通过5-甲基/氨基-1H-四唑乙酸与（R₃Sn）₂O（R为苯基或正丁基）及三环己基氢氧化锡的反应,合成了5个三有机锡5-甲基/氨基-1H-四唑乙酸酯。通过核磁,红外及X射线单晶衍射分析,对这些化合物进行了详细的结构表征。结果表明,这些化合物往往通过分子间的Sn…N作用形成配位高分子。初步的生物活性测试表明,这些配合物对Hela和A549细胞具有明显的体外细胞毒性。     

气相法二氧化硅负载胺-钯配合物的制备及对Heck反应催化性能的研究

以气相法二氧化硅为载体,链状胺和环胺为功能化试剂,制得一系列二氧化硅-胺基复合载体,通过配位反应得到二氧化硅负载胺-钯（Ⅱ）配合物,进一步还原得到二氧化硅负载胺-钯（0）配合物．采用IR、XRD、XPS、ICP技术对配合物进行表征,并研究了配合物的制备、反应条件以及配体差异对其催化碘苯与丙烯酸的Heck反应的性能．结果表明,该类催化剂在较低的温度下（70～90℃）即可较好地催化该反应,生成反式产物;还原后催化剂具有更好的催化活性和良好的重复使用性能;具有链状胺基配体的催化剂随着N原子数目的增加,催化活性呈上升趋势,而具有环状胺基配体的催化剂活性明显低于前者．     

Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS): A Promising Tool for Biological Research

Abstract

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is an important biophysical technique. FCS is currently being used in many areas of biology to solve several scientific problems. Its properties such as detection at the single molecular level, higher sensitivity, and use of lower sample volume make FCS a promising molecular diagnostic tool. The promising applications of FCS extend from DNA kinetics/dynamics studies to the comprehensive understanding of receptor–ligand interactions. In this article, we review various promising biological applications of FCS.