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31.
Image potential resonances on the Sn/Ge(1 1 1) α-phase are investigated by two closely related methods: specular electron reflection and so-called selective electron scattering. Electrons from image resonances are detected on this surface at 120 and 300 K, i.e. below and above the phase transition at about 200 K. The dispersion of the image resonances reveals at these two temperatures equivalent effective electron masses, which are characteristic for this type of electronic surface states. The results of the two methods are consistent according to the similarity of the scattering processes. Changes in the loss peak intensity with the annealing temperature are assigned to the surface quality and are reflected by characteristic photoemission intensities. 相似文献
32.
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34.
运用矩阵光学的方法对多棒串接固体激光器的谐振腔参数及其在平平腔时的热稳条件进行了研究,并计算了六棒串接平平腔固体激光器的稳定区.结果证明:多棒串接固体激光器的稳定区和非稳区相互间隔,在平平腔总腔长、激光棒数量n和棒间距L一定的条件下,当采用对称结构时(L1=L2),则谐振腔的每段稳定区均达到最大;且只要 平平腔满足L1=L2=L/2以及热焦距f在大于某个下限值fm时,稳定性条件01<
关键词:
多棒串接固体激光器
稳定区
热稳条件 相似文献
35.
1前言流化床焚烧污犯是近年来发达国家广泛采用的方法,它能很好地实现污泥的稳定化、无害化、减容化和资源化处理。燃煤流化床锅炉污染物排放方面已做了大量的研究工作,由于污泥与煤在结构和性质方面的差异较大,因此有必要对流化床焚烧污泥时污染物排放特性进行研究。本文详细研究了造纸、废水污泥在流化床中焚烧时污泥水份、运行床温及过量空气对NO。和SO。的排放特性及污泥N-+NO。、S-SO。的转化率的影响,并对这两种性质差异较大的污泥焚烧时的NO。和502的生成特性进行了对比分析,取得了许多有价值的结果,为污泥流化床焚烧… 相似文献
36.
Two series of size‐fractionated combusted residues, a bag‐house ash and a scrubber residue, from a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) were prepared and extracted by means of sequential chemical extraction (SCE) procedures proposed by Tessier. Concentrations of water‐soluble phase, exchangeable phase, carbonated phase, Fe/Mn oxide phase, organic matter phase, and residual phase bound amphoteric metals (Pb and Zn) were obtained, and have been compared with those of single batch extraction of toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). In each size fraction of baghouse ash or scrubber residue, lead or zinc shows a common phenomena that the TCLP value is always lower than the content of the water‐soluble fraction. For lead, baghouse ash has a significant size‐dependent distribution on the water‐soluble phase to perform a size‐dependent test of lead in the TCLP test. The zinc TCLP data having less size dependence might be due to that neither the baghouse ash nor the scrubber residue has a size‐dependent distribution on the water‐soluble zinc phase. 相似文献
37.
Abdulaziz S. Alidi 《Applied Mathematical Modelling》1992,16(12):645-651
The improper handling and disposal of hazardous wastes cause threats to human health and the environment. One reason for the improper handling and disposal of these wastes is that not much consideration is usually given to the logistical aspects of hazardous waste systems. In this paper an integer goal programming model is developed that takes into consideration the multiple goals and needs of many groups involved in managing and planning hazardous waste systems. The model can easily be implemented and can be used to address many of the issues related to facility location, recycling, treatment, and disposal of hazardous wastes. 相似文献
38.
采用循环伏安法,对SPEPt电极以及SPEAu-Pt电极上还原态CO2的电化学氧化行为研究表明,此类电极的电化学特性与光滑Pt电极一致:CO2在氢原子吸附电位区0~250mV(vs.RHE)处,可与电极上化学吸附的氢反应,生成还原态的CO2,通过线性扫描,还原态CO2即发生一不可逆电化学氧化过程(阳极剥离).在SPEPt系列及SPEAu-Pt系列上CO2的电化学行为表明,当SPEPt系列上Pt的载量为2.5mL的0.01mol·L-1H2PtCl6的Pt时,对还原态CO2的电催化活性最好,当Pt的载量相同时,在SPEAu-Pt上,催化剂对还原态CO2的电化学氧化行为比SPEPt电极更强,这是由于预先沉积的Au对后沉积的Pt有调制作用. 相似文献
39.
V.M. Khulugurov V.N. Salomatov I.M. Kalogeras A. Vassilikou-Dova I. Christakis 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,28(1):91-101
Thermally Stimulated Depolarisation Current (TSDC) and optical methods are applied to a range of alkali-fluoride crystals
in order to establish a model for the stable F
2
+
- like colour centres in LiF:OH-. The experimental results for LiF:OH- suggest that the OH- defects are partially destroyed under ionising irradiation or during crystal growth. The low-temperature dielectric relaxation
signals in LiF:OH- and LiF:Mg2+,OH- are attributed to highly interacting hydroxide ions and products of their destruction located in extended lattice defects.
In LiF:OH-, in contrast to other alkali halides, the results advocate for a defect-structure model, which considers a neutral defect
(ND, probably O2 or H2) sited at the anion vacancy of the O2--V
a
+
dipole and which possibly is the “nucleus” for the F
2
+
centre. The proposed F
2
+
(ND, O-) model seems to better explain the dielectric results, compared to the older F
2
+
(O2-) and F
2
+
(O-) models. The estimate for the electric dipole moment derived from the experimental TSDC bands, gives a value for the F
2
+
- like centre in LiF:OH- between those of the F
2
+
(O-) and F
2
+
(O2-) defects, in good agreement with the proposed F
2
+
(ND,O-) model. The reduction of the activation energy barrier of the (re)orientation process of the Mg2+V
c
-
(OH-) complexes in LiF:Mg2+,OH-, and the low-temperature shift of their TSDC band, compared to the single Mg
2
+
V
c
-
peak in LiF:Mg2+, are tentatively ascribed to an increase in the crystal-lattice parameters owing to the presence of OH- and/or products of its destruction.
Received 31 August 2001 / Received in final form 30 March 2002 Published online 9 July 2002 相似文献
40.