单分散“核-卫星”金纳米结构的DNA控制组装：一种新型的纳米分级组装模块

报道了一种单分散“核-卫星”纳米金簇状结构的构造方法,不但可以有效调节卫星粒子的数目,还能实现核与卫星粒子间距离的准确控制. 利用DNA分子高度可控的程序化自组装性能,通过合理控制组装过程中核与卫星粒子表面的DNA修饰密度以及不同金纳米粒子的化学计量比,实现了单分散核-卫星结构的高产率组装,结合使用凝胶电泳这一高效的纳米分离技术实现了目标产物的分离. 该方法保证了卫星粒子表面极低的DNA覆盖率,使其与蛋白分子中的巯基基团具有较强的化学亲和作用,使得金纳米粒子在蛋白功能化石墨烯表面的二维层次化自组装得以实现.     

Synthesis of Ag/AgCl-mesoporous silica nanocomposites using a simple aqueous solution-based chemical method and a study of their antibacterial activity on E. coli

Simple aqueous solution-based chemical methods have been developed for the synthesis of Ag/AgCl nanoparticle-mesoporous silica nanocomposites. Ag loading in the mesoporous silica was accomplished using a wet-impregnation method. The AgCl-mesoporous silica nanocomposite material(AgCl-mSi) was synthesized by using a 'one pot' method. Synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction,N2 adsorption-desorption analysis and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Antibacterial activity of...     

纳米硅粒子的表面氧化及其光致发光特性

采用射频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术制备了纳米晶硅粒子,并对其溶液发光的稳态和瞬态特性进行了研究.稳态光致发光结果显示,新制备的纳米硅粉体表现为峰值位于440 nm附近的蓝色发光,经长时间氧化后,该波段发光强度显著增强,并且出现另一峰值位于750 nm附近的红色发光带.不同波长激发和时间分辨光致发光谱的分析表明,纳米硅...     

不同间距的钴纳米粒子一维链的制备及磁性能研究

在室温条件下用简单、易操作的方法磁诱导自组装制备出钴纳米粒子一维链状结构,研究了工艺条件对钴链中粒子的大小以及间距的影响.重点分析了两种不同粒径及间距的钴纳米粒子链状结构的磁性与温度的变化关系,发现钴纳米粒子链状结构在室温时呈超顺磁性,而在10K时呈弱铁磁性.提出了间距长（约10nm左右）的纳米链更趋近于单个纳米粒子的...     

纳米银的电解质效应

向2种不同电性的纳米银溶胶中分别加入KCl、KBr、KI、KNO3、Mg(NO3)2、Al(NO3)3、K2CO3、K2SO4、KOH和HNO3电解质溶液,利用透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见分光光度计等研究电解质对纳米银的显微结构和光谱学性质的影响。结果表明,不同电解质离子在纳米银胶体表面吸附程度以及导致纳米银胶体聚集和生长程度不同,从而对纳米银胶体的分散状态和表面电势产生不同影响。这种影响的结果导致其对相同电性纳米银粒子和不同电性纳米银粒子的显微结构和光谱学性质影响不同。     

Enhanced Sensitivity and Selectivity of Chemosensor for Malonate by Anchoring on Gold Nanoparticles

A novel organic‐inorganic nanohybrided receptor 4 functionalized with bis‐thiourea arms and then assembled on gold nanoparticles was synthesized. The preorganized system possesses phenylthiourea units for the spectrophotometric sensing of dicarboxylates, especially malonate, based on changes in the surface plasmon absorption of the gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The intensity of the absorbance band increases gradually with the concentration of dicarboxylates increasing. But such an ion‐selective change in the plasmon band was not observed in control tests carried out by mono‐thiourea‐modified GNPs, receptor 3 and the free receptor 2 . As it is shown from the association constants, derived from quantitative titrations, receptor 4 can selectively recognize dicarboxylate anions of shorter carbon chain, and has the highest affinity to malonate. The interaction properties for anions of receptor 4 were evaluated by ¹H NMR and UV‐vis spectroscopic methods.     

Direct Electrochemistry of Hemoglobin Based on Fe3O4@SiO2 Nanoparticles Modified Electrode

A biosensor based on hemoglobin‐Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ nanoparticle bioconjunctions modified indium‐tin‐oxide (Hb/Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/ITO) electrode was fabricated to determine the concentration of H₂O₂. UV‐vis absorption spectra, fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize the bioconjunction of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ with Hb. Experimental results demonstrate that the immobilized Hb on the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ matrix retained its native structure well. In addition, Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) are very effective in facilitating electron transfer of the immobilized enzyme, which can be attributed to the unique nanostructure and larger surface area of the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ NPs. The biosensor displayed good performance for the detection of H₂O₂ with a wide linear range from 2.03×10^?6 to 4.05×10^?3 mol/L and a detection limit of 0.32 µmol/L. The resulting biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response, good stability, reproducibility, and selectivity to H₂O₂.     

石墨烯对Ni（OH）2超级电容器材料电化学行为的影响

研究了氧化缺陷石墨烯对Ni(OH)2电化学性能的增强作用.实验上,由恒电位沉积法在石墨烯基底上制备Ni(OH)2纳米粒子/石墨烯复合材料.TEM观察和电化学测试表明,Ni(OH)2纳米粒子均匀地分散在石墨烯基底上,其粒径为5.0±0.5 nm,体系的质量比电容值为1928 F.g-1.量化计算表明,上述复合材料乃是通过Ni(OH)2与石墨烯表面功能基团的强化学作用相结合而导电的,电子则是自石墨烯基底经氧化缺陷向Ni(OH)2传递,导致Ni(OH)2带负电,从而形成Ni(OH)2纳米粒子的单向导电行为.     

基于环糊精的新材料的研究进展

从纳米粒子、水凝胶、纤维材料和环糊精高分子等方面介绍了近年来以环糊精为基础研制的新材料的研究进展。目前以环糊精为基础的纳米粒子材料有核壳结构的纳米粒子、环糊精的化学接枝与共聚、环糊精与无机非金属材料的复合和含环糊精的囊泡材料;以环糊精为基础的凝胶材料有水凝胶和有机凝胶两种材料;此外还有以环糊精为基础的纤维材料、环糊精高...     

磁性纳米粒子富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定食具中铬、镍、镉、铅、砷的迁移量

采用氩电弧等离子体法制备磁性碳包铁纳米粒子,考察了其对水溶液中Cr,Ni,Cd,Pb和As的富集能力,建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱同时测定食具中Cr,Ni,Cd,Pb和As迁移量的分析方法。研究了纳米粒子表面经H2O2处理后,pH值、吸附时间、吸附剂用量等因素对各元素富集效率的影响。结果表明,H2O2表面处理可有效提高纳米粒子对待检元素的吸附率。在pH 8.0～9.5范围内,选用30 mg碳包铁纳米粒子定量富集,振荡3 min后,Cr,Ni,Cd,Pb和As均可被磁性碳包铁纳米粒子定量富集,酸性溶液(pH 1～2)可洗脱吸附离子。采用本方法测定了实际样品,各元素回收率在87%～106%之间。