Development of BINOL-Si complexes with large stokes shifts and their application as chemodosimeters for nerve agent

Three fluorescent BINOL-Si complexes (FS1, FS2 and FS3) were rationally designed and synthesized to detect diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP), a mimic of lethal nerve agents. These three fluorescent probes showed green, yellow and orange fluorescence, respectively. Moreover, the series of fluorescent probes has the characteristics of fast response time (≤ 4 s), low detection limit (0.0097 μmol/L), high sensitivity and naked eye detection. More important, a fiber optic sensor capable of detecting DCP vapor in real time was also prepared for the first time, the lowest detection limits (down to 4.4 ppb) were all lower than that of the IDLH (immediately dangerous to life or health) concentration of Sarin (7.0 ppb).     

聚吡咯及其纳米复合材料在光热治疗领域的应用

光热治疗是近年来兴起的一种治疗方法,具有靶向性强、适应性广的特点。在光热治疗中,通过光热剂对光的吸收将光能转化为热能,从而实现治疗作用,因而光热剂的光热转化性能直接决定了光热治疗的效果。光热剂的种类丰富,涵盖由无机到有机等组成和性能各异的多种材料。其中,聚吡咯具备良好的生物相容性、优异的光稳定性以及光热转化性能,在光热治疗领域受到广泛关注,是一种拥有巨大应用潜力的光热剂,然而其在光热治疗领域的发展趋势及前景却鲜有报道。本文综述了聚吡咯及其纳米复合材料的制备方法,详述了聚吡咯及其纳米复合材料在光热治疗领域中的应用情况,包括聚吡咯基纳米材料的自身性能和实际光热治疗的效果,指出以聚吡咯为基体或修饰材料来制备具有CT、磁共振、光声显影及光热治疗性能的聚吡咯基复合材料已成为发展趋势。在此基础上,本文还总结了聚吡咯基纳米复合材料在制备和应用中存在的问题,并分析了其在发展过程中遇到的挑战以及在生物医学应用中的前景。     

Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of epoxy thermosets possessing N,N′-disubstituted pyromellitimide units

Abstract

In this work, three epoxy resins including diglycidyl ethers of N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)pyromellitimide (DIDGE), bisphenol-A (BADGE), and polyethylene glycol (PEDGE) were isothermally cured by an amine curing agent possessing N,N′-disubstituted pyromellitimide units (denoted by DIDAM). DIDGE resin was synthesized from the reaction of N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)pyromellitimide with an excess of epichlorohydrin. Also, DIDAM curing agent was prepared from the reaction of pyromellitic dianhydride with an excess of ethylene diamine. Completion of the isothermal curing processes was approved by both Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC traces showed only the phase transitions related to the thermal degradation of the resulting thermosets. According to the thermogravimetric analyses, the DIDGE/DIDAM thermoset showed higher thermal stability at temperatures above 425?°C than the other two thermosets. While BADGE/DIDAM and PEDGE/DIDAM thermosets showed about 70% weight loss in the thermal range of 400–850?°C, DIDGE/DIDAM thermoset was encountered with only about 40% weight loss. The glass transition temperatures (T_g ) of the resulting thermosets were determined using tan δ vs temperature plots obtained from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The T_g values of BADGE/DIDAM, DIDGE/DIDAM, and PEDGE/DIDAM thermosets were found to be 211?°C, 189?°C, and 81?°C, respectively.     

Synthesis and relaxivity of polyamide paramagnetic metal complexes for magnetic resonance imaging

A new class of paramagnetic macromolecular magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents has been developed. Eight new polyamide ligands were synthesized by copolymerization of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dianhydride or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid dianhydride and diamine monomers. Their gadolinium(III), manganese(II) and iron(III) complexes were also synthesized. All polyamide ligands and metal complexes were characterized by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectra and elemental analyses. Relaxivity studies showed that the polyamide paramagnetic metal complexes had obviously higher relaxation effectiveness as compared to corresponding simple monomeric paramagnetic metal complexes.     

阴离子交换固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法分析人血浆中6种神经性毒剂降解产物

采用醋酸汞去除蛋白,实现了阴离子交换固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法同时测定人血浆中6种神经性毒剂降解产物的三甲基硅烷衍生物。考察了不同溶剂的去蛋白效率和不同固相萃取柱对毒剂降解产物的保留行为,优化了阴离子交换树脂的洗脱条件。采用选择离子监测方式,6种降解产物在0.05~5.0 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,最低检出限在22μg/L以内;RSD均小于9.7%。该方法检测灵敏度高,血浆样品干扰小,是一种理想的血浆中神经性毒剂降解产物的检测方法。     

兔主动脉冻结过程中未冻水份额的研究

利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)技术中的分步扫描(Stepwise scanning)法,研究了不同浓度的低温保护剂对主动脉血管冻结过程中未冻水份额的影响。研究结果表明:分步扫描量热技术可以用于血管材料冻结过程中未冻水份额的定量研究,而且具有较高楠度;随着低温保护剂二甲亚砜(DMSO)浓度的增大,血管的初始冻结点温度呈线性降低,但其冻结过程的未冻水份额显著增大,这是由于高浓度DMSO具有很强水合能力所致。     

正电性胶态纳米银中加入凝聚剂后的表面增强拉曼光谱

在柠檬酸还原制备的正电性胶态纳米银中加入凝聚剂HNO₃和NaNO₃后,用波长为633 nm的激光激发,获得了较强的表面增强拉曼散射光谱(SERS谱),通过讨论及实验明确该SERS谱是来自于还原剂中的柠檬酸根离子,并说明该方法制备的纳米银的吸附层是带正电的银离子,扩散层是带负电的柠檬酸根离子。     

镧与镍共沉积的研究

由于含稀土的合金新材料具有多种特殊功能，因此，其制备技术已为人们所关注．制备含稀土合金的方法有高温烧结法、真空蒸发法、离子溅射法及电化学法等．其中电化学法设备简单，容易获得不同组份的表层材料，但是，由于稀土元素的电位很负，从电解质水溶液中沉积稀土及其合金是相当困难的，以往曾有采用熔融盐电解质或非水电解质制备稀土合金的一些报导[1，2]，而从电解质水溶液中电沉积稀土合金的报导甚少．本研究采用适宜的络合剂，实现了从电解质水溶液中电沉积Ni－La合金，镀层中钠含量最高达22．58％（质量分数，下同）．通过XPS及…     

染毒粮食中7种化学战剂的气相色谱分析方法

为了研究染毒粮食（大米、面粉）中７种化学战剂的检测方法,建立了相应的气相色谱分析方法。该法采用火焰光度检测器检测,ＢＰ－１０毛细管色谱柱分离,二氯甲烷萃取。模拟染毒大米、面粉中化学战剂测定相对误差为２．０％～１２．０％、８．１０％～２７．３％。相对标准偏差分别为０．９％～６．１０％、３．９５％～１６．８％。方法的最低检出浓度为０．０１～２μｇ／ｇ。所建方法操作简便,灵敏度高。     

成核剂和促进剂对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯结晶的影响

研究了一种成核剂和结晶促进剂及其混合物对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）结晶过程和熔融行为的影响．结果表明,成核剂的引入降低了ＰＥＴ的结晶成核界面自由能,起到促进ＰＥＴ结晶成核的作用,从而加快了ＰＥＴ的结晶速度．而结晶促进剂对ＰＥＴ的结晶速度影响很小,不能促进ＰＥＴ的成核结晶,但能使ＰＥＴ结晶更完善,使ＰＥＴ的结晶度提高．当两者并用时,ＰＥＴ由熔体降温的结晶行为主要由成核剂控制,而成核促进剂的作用不明显．