Influence of the conditions of manufacture of nanomeric zirconium dioxide,stabilized with yttrium oxide,on its catalytic properties in the oxidation of CO

The morphological and catalytic properties of samples of nanomeric zirconium dioxide, stabilized with yttrium oxide, manufactured via the effect of a UHF field during the process of drying precipitated zirconium hydroxide and calcination at temperatures from 300 to 1000 °C, were studied. It was shown that the highest activity in the oxidation of CO occurred with 40 nm particles of zirconium dioxide prepared at 1000 °C. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental’naya Khimiya, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 96–101, March–April, 2007.     

Evolution of Er^3＋ Distribution in the Oxyfluoride Glass Ceramics with Heating

The distribution characteristics of Er3+ ions doped in the oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing LaF3 nanocrystals heat-treated at 650 ℃ for different durations were investigated. The results of the integral absorption cross-section analysis demonstrated that the partition fraction of Er3+ in LaF3 nanocrystals increases with prolonging of heating time. The anomalous phenomena of Er3+ emissions in the up-and the down-conversion fluorescence spectra are well explained based on the calculated results.     

Photochemical Synthesis and Spectral-Optical Characteristics of ZnO/Cu and ZnO/Ag/Cu Nanoheterostructures

The photoreduction of Cu²⁺ at the surface of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO/Ag nanostructures was investigated. The spectral characteristics of the obtained ZnO/Cu and ZnO/Ag/Cu composites were studied in relation to the reaction conditions. It was shown that the ZnO/Ag nanoparticles have higher photocatalytic activity in the reduction of Cu²⁺ ions than the individual ZnO particles.     

硫化镉纳米荧光探针荧光猝灭法测定痕量铜

制备了无机纳米溶胶CdS，研究了纳米粒子的大小和荧光性质，以该纳米粒子为探针，建立了荧光猝灭法测定铜离子的新方法。该方法已成功用于人发样品测定，方法简单，快速，选择性好，灵敏度高，在最佳实验条件下，测定铜离子的线性区间为2．0－24．0μg/L，检出限为0．23μg/L。     

化学发光消耗型锰传感器

化学和生物发光是由化学反应产生的一种光辐射,不需要任何光源。又由于它们具有高灵敏度、宽线性范围和相对比较便宜的仪器等优点,因而在化学和生物传感器领域引起了广泛的兴趣。已用于H_2O_2、乳酸和胆固醇等多种生物活性物质的测定,但未见有金属离子传感器的报道。本文发展了一种新型的全固态模式的消耗型锰离子化学发光传感器。该传感器将除待测物外的所有化学发光反应试剂全部固定在阴离子交换树脂Amberlyst A-27上,于化学发光反应之前,将一定量化学发光试剂从固定化试剂柱上洗脱,与样品中的锰离子产生化学发光。已成功地应用于水样中痕量锰离子的测定。每个固定化试剂柱可连续使用100次以上。 1 实验部分 1.1 仪器和试剂 化学发光传感器由流动系统和检测系统两部分组成。其中流动系统主要由蠕动泵、六通阀、固定化试剂柱和流通池组成。检测系统由光电信增管、负高压、放大器和记录仪组成(图1)。     

Adsorption, diffusion and desorption of chlorine on and from rutile TiO2{110}: a theoretical investigation.

The adsorption, diffusion and desorption of chlorine on and from stoichiometric, reduced and partially reduced (defective) rutile TiO2{110} are investigated using ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Theoretical results are compared with experimental investigations, and microkinetic simulations based on DFT values are then used to verify the diffusion mechanisms assumed in the experimental investigations.     

Studies on fluorenscence resonance energy transfer between CdS nanoparticles and DOCAI dyes

The water-soluble CdS nanoparticles were synthesized in aqueous solution. A novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system with CdS nanoparticles as energy donors and 3,30-diethyl-oxadicarbocyanine iodide (DOCAI) dyes as energy accepter has been developed.     

Anodic Stripping Voltammetry of Heavy Metals at Nanocrystalline Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrode

Boron‐doped Diamond (BDD) electrode has become one of the important tools for heavy metal detection. By studying some analytical parameters of DPASV method, like deposition time and potential in different electrolyte concentrations (acetate buffer), the conditions for detecting very low metal ion levels (Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu) could be chosen. Diluted electrolyte (0.01 M buffer) was one of the factors favoring low detection and quantification limits, but its quantification range is short in comparison to more concentrated media. For ?1.7 V deposition potential, the detection of single metal at ppb levels was reached in 60 s deposition time. Understanding different metal‐metal interactions shows the limits to the simultaneous determination of heavy metals at BDD. Quantification was possible for the simultaneous determination of Zn, Cd and Pb despite the overlapping of Zn and Cd peaks. The performance of the BDD was compared with that of another C‐based solid electrode: the glassy carbon electrode (without mercury plating). A lower base line current, wider potential range, higher sensitivity (3 to 5 times higher than GC) and longevity of the material were noticed for the BDD.     

CATALYTIC BEHAVIOR OF DOPED MTiO_3 CATALYSTS FOR OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF ETHANE

用Ｌｉ＋部分替代ＭＴｉＯ３（Ｍ＝Ｃａ、Ｓｒ）催化剂中的Ｔｉ４＋，明显地提高了乙烷氧化脱氢（ＯＤＨＥ）反应中乙烯的选择性。在ＣａＴｉ０．９Ｌｉ０．１Ｏ３－δ催化剂上，反应温度为８５０℃时，乙烯选择性为７７．４％，乙烷转化率为８１．７％。Ｌｉ掺杂的作用是增加了催化剂的Ｐ型半导性和未充分还原的氧物种数目。     

两亲嵌段共聚物聚乙二醇-聚谷氨酸苄酯纳米粒药物载体的合成研究

用磺酸酯法制备单端氨基聚乙二醇引发剂,引发谷氨酸苄酯羧酸酐开环聚合,生成可生物降解的两亲嵌段共聚物聚乙二醇﹣聚谷氨酸苄酯(PEG-PBLG),用IR,NMR和GPC表征了共聚物。用超微透析法制备PEG-PBLG聚合物纳米粒,荧光芘探针法测定纳米粒的临界聚集浓度(cac)。紫外分光光度计考察纳米粒对疏水性药物的增溶作用,PEG-PBLG可作为亚微粒药物输送系统的载体。