A trigonal-bipyramidal oxorhenium(V) complex with a bidentate nitrogen-donor ligand

The oxorhenium(V) complex [ReO(Hapb)(apb)] (1) (H₂apb =?2-(2-aminophenyl)-1-benzimidazole) was prepared by reaction of trans-[ReO₂(py)₄]Cl with a twofold molar amount of H₂apb. The complex was characterized by spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The results show that the rhenium atom lies in a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal environment, with the two imidazole nitrogen atoms in apical positions, and the oxo and two amido nitrogens in the trigonal plane.     

Effects of SO2 Treatment of Commercial Catalysts on Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by NH3

Nitrogen oxide(NO_x) emitted from stationary and mobile sources is a major air pollutant. Selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NO_x over a catalyst is a main technology for NO_x elimination. Catalysts used for practical applications would be deactivated in flue containing SO₂. In this work, three typical commercial catalysts were investigated before and after SO₂ treatment. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray fluorescene(XRF), temperature programme reduction(TPR), temperature programme desorption(TPD) and diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared(DRIFT) techniques. Results showed that SO₂ treatment significantly influenced the performance of V₂O₅/TiO₂ catalyst. The amount of V₂O₅ in the catalyst primarily affected the accumulation of sulfur species in the SO₂atmosphere. The performance of catalysts with small amounts of V₂O₅ could be improved under the same experimental conditions for acidity enhancement.     

面向高光谱大气臭氧传感器的多观测几何条件下紫外辐射模拟及对TOMS V8算法臭氧初值估算模型改进与评价

新型高光谱大气臭氧传感器大多计划搭载地球静止轨道平台,其对大视场范围和时间范围内的臭氧总量提取提出了更高的需求。TOMS V8算法在低轨卫星大气臭氧传感器得到广泛的应用和发展,但其在大观测几何条件下的提取精度不足,因此如何提高TOMS算法在新型传感器上的提取精度是当前亟待解决的问题。利用MODTRAN大气辐射传输模型模拟了晴空场景TOMS算法标准廓线各观测几何条件下的地球紫外后向散射辐射,分析了各观测几何条件下后向散射辐射亮度与臭氧总量拟合模型,并根据模型拟合精度情况,得到了不同观测几何条件下后向散射辐射随臭氧总量的变化关系,提出了改进的臭氧总量初值估算模式。对改进模式与传统模式的臭氧总量初估结果表明,传统模式依赖于指数模型的拟合精度,而改进模式依赖于对数模型的拟合精度,指数模型和对数模型均表现出高的拟合精度,但对数模型的拟合精度比指数模型在整个臭氧浓度范围内平均高约0.9%。改进模式使臭氧总量初估的总体精度得到改善,RMSE降低约0.087%～0.537%,并且在较大观测几何和臭氧总量低值区（175～275 DU）间则更加显著。在臭氧总量低值区间以及较大观测天顶角和太阳天顶角条件下,改进模式具有更高的估算精度和更大的适用范围。该改进的臭氧总量初值估算模式可为日后TOMS算法的更新提供支持和参考依据。     

多金属氧酸盐TBA3[VW5O19]及TBA4[PVW11O40]的固体核磁共振研究

多金属氧酸盐（简称多酸,Polyoxometalates,POMs)是由处于d⁰电子构型的前过渡金属元素通过共边或共角缩聚而成的金属-氧簇类化合物．由于其具有丰富的分子结构和独特的物理化学性质,已经被广泛应用于功能材料、催化化学和药物化学等领域．其中钒取代的多酸阴离子具有很好的催化活性,特别是对烃类的氧化,它的活性主要受钒取代的数目和钒中心的阴离子环境这两个因素影响．该文利用固体核磁技术分析了一取代钒的两类典型结构中⁵¹V的局域结构和化学环境,以及有机阳离子对多酸阴离子结构的影响,特别是对⁵¹V的化学环境的影响,为研究多酸的催化活性和催化机理提供基本的结构信息．     

Antisite defect types and temporal evolution characteristics of D0<Subscript>22</Subscript>-Ni<Subscript>3</Subscript>V structure: Studied by the microscopic phase field

Microscopic phase field simulation is performed to study antisite defect type and temporal evolution characteristic of D0₂₂-Ni₃V structure in Ni₇₅Al _x V_25−x ternary system. The result demonstrates that two types of antisite defect V_Ni and Ni_V coexist in D0₂₂ structure; however, the amount of Ni_V is far greater than V_Ni; when precipitates transform from D0₂₂ singe phase to two phases mixture of D0₂₂ and L1₂ with enhanced Al:V ratio, the amount of V_Ni has no evident response to the secondary L1₂ phase, while Ni_V exhibits a definitely contrary variation tendency: Ni_V rises without L1₂ structure precipitating from matrix but declines with it; temporal evolution characteristic and temperature dependent antisite defect V_Ni, Ni_V are also studied in this paper: The concentrations of the both defects decline from high antistructure state to equilibrium level with elapsed time but rise with elevated temperature; the ternary alloying element aluminium atom occupies both α and β sublattices of D0₂₂ structure with a strong site preference of substituting α site. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50671084 and 50875217), the Doctorate Foundation of Northwestern Polytechnical University of China (Grant No. CX200806), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (Grant No. 20070420218), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China     

光电自准直仪中分划丝的分析与比较

根据CCD增维测量原理,分析了制约测量范围的因素,提出了改进分划板的刻线形式的几种方法,并做了比较。     

基于电化学平行催化波效应与化学发光信号传感相偶合测定V（V）的分析新方法

研究发现,V(V)可在含有H2O2的碱性介质中,在石墨电极表面还原产生钒的平行催化波效应.与此同时,当上述溶液中含有适量的丁基罗丹明B时,丁基罗丹明B可与钒催化还原H2O2的产物反应产生灵敏的电化学发光信号.测定了该体系电化学反应时间和化学发光反应时间,验证了电化学平行催化效应与化学发光结合的可能性.据此建立了测定钒的电化学发光分析新方法,同时提出了电化学平行催化渡效应与化学发光信号传感相结合提高电化学分析方法灵敏度的新思路.在最佳的实验条件下,该方法测定V(V)的线性范围为4.0×10-7 mol/L～8.0×10-5mol/L,检出限为3×10-8mol/L(以3σ计).     

单斜Li3V2(PO4)3/C复合材料的制备及其电化学性能

以LiOH·H2O、V2O5、H3PO4和蔗糖为原料,采用软化学法制备了锂离子电池正极材料Li3V2(PO4)3/C.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对产物的结构和形貌进行表征,采用恒电流充放电、电化学阻抗考察了产物的电化学性能.结果表明.当煅烧温度达到700℃时,杂质相衍射峰消失,所得的样品为纯相的单斜Li3V2(PO4)3.颗粒粒度为1～2 μm;在3.0～4.5 V电压范围内以0.2C倍率充放电,首次放电比容量达到148.2 mAh·g-1,第50次循环比容量仍为144 mAh·g-1,容量保持率为97%,具有良好的循环性能;另外,样品还具有很好的倍率性能和高温性能.     

D301大孔树脂吸附钒(V)的性能研究

研究了D301大孔树脂对钒的吸附性能.结果表明,pH值对D301树脂吸附钒的影响很大,与钒在溶液中的赋存状态有关,且在pH=2时吸附效果最好:测得吸附热力学参数分别为:△H=8.97kJ/mol,△G_(313)=-5.69kJ/mol,△G_(303)=-5.2kJ/mol,△G_(293)=-4.9kJ/mol,△S=46.84J/mol·K.等温吸附服从Freundlich经验式;考察了溶液浓度、搅拌速率对交换过程的影响,并对实验数据运用相关理论模型进行拟合,结果显示钒(V)在D301树脂上吸附交换过程控制步骤为颗粒扩散控制,反应级数n为0.2391.     

Complete oxidation of ethanol over vanadium based catalysts

V2O5/γ-Al2O3-TiO2 catalysts were prepared by the mixing sol-gel and co-impregnation method. The performance of the catalysts for complete oxidation of ethanol was performed in a conventional fixed-bed quartz reactor. And the effects of support, preparation methods and vanadium content have been investigated. The results showed that 5% V2O5 catalyst supported on γ-Al2O3-TiO2 possessed the best ethanol conversion under the considered temperature. This may be ascribed to the highly dispersible active component, mutual function between the active component and the carriers. The nature of the best performance for 5%V/γ-Al2O3-TiO2 catalyst may be related to the high V4+ amounts on the surface. And the surface V4+ species may play an important role in the formation of active site for the total ethanol oxidation.