热核聚变实验堆中超导母线绝缘层的红外热波检测

本项研究的目的在于探索热核聚变实验堆中超导母线绝缘层的主动式 红外热波检测方法.文中用装有热水的薄膜袋对预埋脱黏缺陷的试件表面进行接触热激励; 给出了在面热源作用下长圆柱内一维瞬态导热的近似理论模型;通 过对理论模型的模拟和分析,发现对热波降温信号进行微分处理可有效提高缺陷和 非缺陷信号对比度;与闪光灯激励的结果进行比较,显示接触热激励的检测深度优于 闪光灯脉冲热激励.     

Synthesis of fused indolines by interrupted Fischer indolization in a microfluidic reactor

This study describes our development of a microfluidic reaction scheme for the synthesis of fused indoline ring systems found in several bioactive compounds. We have utilized a continuous-flow microfluidic reactor for the reaction of hydrazines with latent aldehydes through the interrupted Fischer indolization reaction to form fused indoline and azaindoline products. We have identified optimal conditions and evaluated the scope of this microfluidic reaction using various hydrazine and latent aldehyde surrogates. This green chemistry approach can be of general utility to rapidly produce indoline scaffolds and intermediates in a continuous manner.     

Artificial intelligence-based microfluidic platforms for the sensitive detection of environmental pollutants: Recent advances and prospects

Environmental pollution and its drastic effects on human and animal health have urged governments to implement strict policies to minimize damage. The first step in applying such policies is to find reliable methods to detect pollution in various media, including water, food, soil, and air. In this regard, various approaches such as spectrophotometric, chromatographic, and electrochemical techniques have been proposed. To overcome the limitations associated with conventional analytical methods, microfluidic devices have emerged as sensitive technologies capable of generating high content information during the past few years. The passage of contaminant samples through the microfluidic channels provides essential details about the whole environment after detection by the detector. In the meantime, artificial intelligence is an ideal means to identify, classify, characterize, and even predict the data obtained from microfluidic systems. The development of microfluidic devices with integrated machine learning and artificial intelligence is promising for the development of next-generation monitoring systems. Combination of the two systems ensures time efficient setups with easy operation. This review article is dedicated to the recent developments in microfluidic chips coupled with artificial intelligence technology for the evolution of more convenient pollution monitoring systems.     

Anaerobic biological treatment of dye bearing water in anaerobic sequencing batch reactor: Performance and kinetics studies

Textile and dye industries are main sources of dye bearing effluent. In present studies the anaerobic biological degradation of Acid Red 3BN dye water (AR3BNDW) and mixed dye water (MDW) for reduction of color and COD were studied in sequential batch reactor (SBR). The sludge as sources of microorganism was arranged from maize processing bio methanation wastewater treatment plant, which was acclimatized for treatment of AR3BNDW and MDW. After the acclimatization, dyes degradation were studied in SBR At optimum operation condition of hydraulics retention time (HRT) = 2.5 d, and treatment time (t_R) = 16 h, AR3BNDW have gone maximum 87% color reduction of 500 mg/L dye, and 82.8% COD reduction of 380 mg/L COD. At same operating condition, 84.5% color reduction of 500 mg/L dye, and 79.42% COD reduction of 413 mg/L COD achieved for MDW. The second order Grau model was fitted well for COD and dye reductions. The kinetics parameter were evaluated for both the dye water.     

An integrated plastic microchip for enhancing electrophoretic separation using tunable pressure-driven backflows

Microfluidic CE (MCE) is an effective solution for rapid and sensitive determination of multiple analytes. Herein, a dynamic coated cyclic olefin copolymer microchip was developed having an on-chip micropump for fluid velocity adjusting in electrophoretic separations. This micropump was fabricated by constructing a polyacrylamide gel membrane at one channel terminal. Once applying electric field across the membrane, a pressure-driven flow generated automatically to balance the electroosmotic flow (EOF) mismatch at the channel-membrane interface. The influence of gel precursor concentration and operating voltages on the fluid velocity was carefully evaluated. Moreover, the highly integration of injection, separation, and pumping units of the MCE system minimized the dead volume and provides satisfied column efficiency. Experiments showed that by adjusting of pumping voltage reduced the fluid velocity by a factor of 6, resulting six- and threefold resolving power enhancements of rhodamine dye mixture and amino acid mixture, respectively. Furthermore, the developed MCE method was applied for rhodamines and amino acids quantitation in food and cosmetics, with standard addition recoveries of 87.3–106.9% and 89.9–117.4%, respectively. These results were also confirmed by standard HPLC method, revealing the application potential in fast and onsite analysis of complex samples.     

用微芯片化学反应器实现酶催化化学发光测定葡萄糖的研究

葡萄糖是临床化学诊断以及食品分析中重要的检测项目 ,最常用的测定方法是采用葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)催化葡萄糖与氧分子间反应 ,生成葡萄糖酸和过氧化氢 [1] ,而对过氧化氢的检测则可采用过氧化酶 (POD)催化鲁米诺的化学发光反应进行 [2 ] .FIA对整个过程的实现是十分有效的方式 ,但由于多采用固定化酶反应器 [3～ 5] 使其在制备及分析上较复杂且费用高 .由 Manz等[6] 提出的微型全分析系统(μ- TAS)在针对不同体系的微量分析及在线监测上均具有突出的优越性 .本文使用的含微混合器的微芯片化学反应器采用μ- TAS设计思想 ,建立了化学发…     

Hydrogel microfluidic co‐culture device for photothermal therapy and cancer migration

We developed the photo‐crosslinkable hydrogel microfluidic co‐culture device to study photothermal therapy and cancer cell migration. To culture MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells and metastatic U87MG human glioblastoma in the microfluidic device, we used 10 w/v% gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels as a semi‐permeable physical barrier. We demonstrated the effect of gold nanorod on photothermal therapy of cancer cells in the microfluidic co‐culture device. Interestingly, we observed that metastatic U87MG human glioblastoma largely migrated toward vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐treated GelMA hydrogel‐embedding microchannels. The main advantage of this hydrogel microfluidic co‐culture device is to simultaneously analyze the physiological migration behaviors of two cancer cells with different physiochemical motilities and study gold nanorod‐mediated photothermal therapy effect. Therefore, this hydrogel microfluidic co‐culture device could be a potentially powerful tool for photothermal therapy and cancer cell migration applications.     

Viscosity based droplet size controlling in negative pressure driven droplets generator for large‐scale particle synthesis

The poor control and regulation of droplets limit the applications of negative pressure driven droplet generator (NPDDG). Here, we present a simple method to control droplet size in NPDDG via varying the oil viscosity. Depending on the infinite intersolubility of high viscous mineral oil and low viscous hexadecane, we obtain a series of oils with kinematic viscosities linearly varied from 4.2 to 194.6 mm²/s. By using these oils as continuous phases, monodisperse droplets are fabricated with controllable size in NPDDG. This viscosity‐based droplet regulation method is effective, reliable, and compatible with scale‐up processes. Compared with droplet generator driven by positive pressure, the presented method can fabricate hydrogel particles massively, without complicated multilayer chip structure and complex fluid controlling, which may extend the potential of NPDDG in droplets based high‐throughput assay or large‐scale materials synthesis.     

应用纳米零价铁富集银的研究

大量研究表明,纳米零价铁（nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron,nZVI）对水中重金属,尤其是金、银等稀贵金属,有良好的分离富集作用.利用纳米零价铁反应器证明了nZVI可从废水中分离低浓度的银离子（Ag⁺）,并生成高含量的“银矿石”.此外,也证明了反应区氧化还原电位能够反映nZVI与Ag⁺的反应速率和分离效率.利用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱和高分辨透射电子显微镜等手段对反应产物进行表征,证实了Ag⁺可被nZVI还原为单质银,并以纳米颗粒的形式（<10 nm）沉积在nZVI表面.与其他材料（常见吸附/还原材料）相比,nZVI具有效率高,受pH影响小的优点.研究结果表明,nZVI是一种能够高效富集痕量银资源并产生高价值纳米银的材料.     

片状催化剂F-T合成宏观动力学

采用固定床积分反应器,在工业条件下,对压片Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ－Ｋ催化剂进行了Ｆ－Ｔ合成宏观动力学考查。在稳态下,用集总的方法,在保持一定的轴向温度分布及取其平均温度条件下,求得两组宏观动力学方程,两者分别与实验数据吻合较好,同时两者之间也存在较好的一致性。