提高USY型FCC催化剂硫转移和催化裂化活性的研究

采用镁、铈、镧和磷对USY型FCC催化剂进行改性，采用FT IR分析方法对改性催化剂的表面酸性进行了表征，研究了硫转移活性组分对催化剂的硫转移和催化裂化活性的影响。结果表明，多次氧化 还原循环后，改性催化剂仍保持较好的硫转移活性，可以达到60%以上。镁的引入会减少基质和分子筛表面强酸的数量，少量镁的引入对催化裂化活性影响不大，铈和镧的引入会使分子筛和基质的表面酸量得到显著增加，提高催化裂化活性，但同时会引起焦炭的增加，磷改性可改善基质和分子筛表面酸性，抑制焦炭的产生，保持催化裂化活性的同时使汽油中的烯烃质量分数下降6%。     

水热体系中不同前驱物对合成镁铝水滑石微结构的影响

以不同的镁源、铝源组合为前驱物,利用XRD、SEM及EDS比较研究了水热体系中不同的前驱物组合对合成镁铝水滑石(Mg-Al-LDHs)晶体微结构及晶体生长的影响,同时利用生长基元的配位体理论对其生长机理进行了初步探讨.研究结果表明:当固定体系的pH =12,水热温度120℃、水热时间18h的条件下,不同的前驱物组合均可以合成结晶度较好的镁铝水滑石晶体;但不同的镁源、铝源组合对产物的物相、分散性、结晶规整性、厚径比、纯度、大小及微结构有一定的影响.当镁源固定为MgCl2,铝源分别为Al2O3、Al(NO3)3、AlCl3时,不溶性氧化铝合成的LDHs规整性、分散性及纯度较差,晶体发育不完整;当铝源分别为溶解度较好Al(NO3)3、AlCl3时,合成产物LDHs晶体的结晶度、规整性、分散性及纯度较好,但由于溶解度和相连阴离子极性的不同,造成产物微结构的微小差异;当镁源固定为溶解度较大的Mg(NO3)2时,铝源分别为Al(NO3)3、AlCl3时,同溶解度较小MgCl2相比,更有利于合成结晶度、规整度、尺寸更小的镁铝水滑石晶体.溶解度较大的镁源、铝源前驱物组合合成的镁铝水滑石有更高的结晶度和规整度.EDS分析证实,溶解度较差的Al2O3合成的镁铝水滑石纯度较差.溶解度较好的不同镁源、铝源前驱物组合合成的镁铝水滑石不含有任何其它阴离子杂质,平均镁铝比约为3,非常接近LDHs的理论值.     

Influence of the temperature and duration of the annealing on the lattice structure and growth of the Mg-Al spinel layer

In this paper, MgO film is successfully grown on polycrystalline and monocrystalline alumina substrates using sol-gel method, and polycrystalline and monocrystalline Mg-Al spinels are fabricated by solid state reaction, respectively. The influence of annealing temperature and time on the lattice structure and growth of the formed Mg-Al spinel layer has been investigated. It is indicated that the annealing temperature and time on the as-synthesized polycrystalline Mg-Al spinel has more significant influence than that of single crystal Mg-Al spinel. The thickness of the Mg-Al spinel layer increases with the annealing temperature, both for polycrystalline and for monocrystalline alumina substrates. And the significantly intercrystalline diffusion of Mg²⁺ ions and Al³⁺ ions results in a quicker growth velocity of the Mg-Al spinel layer than that of intracrystalline diffusion.     

One-pot synthesis of 2-amino-5-nitro-4,6-diarylcyclohex-1-ene-1,3,3-tricarbo-nitriles by condensation of aldehyde, malononitrile, and nitromethane in the presence of Mg-Al HT under solvent-free condition

A multicomponent one-pot reaction of aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, and nitromethane is carried out in the presence of HTs (different Mg/Al ratios) and other solid bases, where 2-amino-5-nitro-4,6-diphenylcyclohex-1-ene-1,3,3-tricarbonitriles are obtained. HT with Mg/Al = 5 is the best catalyst for the reaction. The reaction gives best results under solvent-free condition. The catalyst can be easily separated and is recyclable. Other parameters were optimized.     

The Mg(p, γ)Al reaction at low astrophysical energies

In the present work we report on a new measurement of resonance strengths ωγ in the reaction ²⁵Mg(p, γ)²⁶Al at Ecm=92 and 189 keV. This study was performed at the LUNA facility in the Gran Sasso underground laboratory using a 4π BGO summing crystal. For the first time the 92 keV resonance was directly observed and a resonance strength ωγ=(2.9±0.6)×¹⁰−10 eV was determined. Additionally, the γ-ray branchings and strength of the 189 keV resonance were studied with a high resolution HPGe detector yielding an ωγ value in agreement with the BGO measurement, but 20% larger compared to previous works.     

一种新型的纳米功能材料:磁性纳米镁铝水滑石

本文将磁性基质与镁铝水滑石进行组装首次合成出一种新型的纳米磁性功能材料—磁性纳米镁铝水滑石。这种新型纳米功能材料的XRD及TA结果表明,镁铝水滑石赋予磁性后并没有改变其层状结构的典型特征。样品的TEM图表明,磁性基质的加入后样品的颗粒粒径并没有明显增大,且保持在20～50nm之间。对磁性镁铝水滑石磁性能的考察结果表明,样品的比饱和磁化强度随磁性基质含量的增加而线性增加。