Effect of nucleating agent on the structure and properties of polypropylene/poly(ethylene-octene) blends

The effect of the sorbital nucleating agent on properties of the ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) toughened polypropylene (PP) was studied. The results show that the addition of POE increases notched Izod and Charpy impact strength significantly but impair the tensile strength and flexural modulus. As a nucleating agent (1,3,2,4-di(p-methylbenzylidene) sorbitol, DM) was added, the toughness and stiffness of toughed PP increased simultaneously at the same content of POE. This result shows that the toughness and stiffness of toughed PP are in balance. Polarized light microscopy analysis shows that with the addition of POE and nucleating agent, only a low level of PP spherulites were observed.     

苯乙烯-异戊二烯两嵌段共聚物溶液的dn/dc和紫外吸收光谱

本文研究了苯乙烯-异戊二烯两嵌段共聚物在CHCl_3中的折光指数浓度增量(dn/dc)和紫外吸收光谱。嵌段共聚物dn/dc具有很好的加和性,可以测定嵌段共聚物的组成。紫外吸收光谱的结果表明,除低苯乙烯含量的样品外,其它嵌段共聚物都显示明显的紫外增色性(UV hyperchromism)。因此UV和UV-RI双检测GPC不会得到可靠的嵌段共聚物组成数据。这种增色现象与其特征的紫外吸收谱图紧密关联     

Surface composition and property of film prepared with aqueous dispersion of polyurethaneurea-acrylate including fluorinated block copolymer

The aqueous dispersion of polyurethaneurea-acrylate (PUA) including small amount of fluorinated block copolymers containing carboxyl groups (PATF), which can be dissolved in water, was used to make films and the surface properties of these films were examined. The experimental data show that the modified PUA film exhibits a hydrophobic surface property, although the original surface of PUA film is hydrophilic. The surface composition of the modified PUA film was measured by ATR and XPS. The results indicate that there is a concentration gradient of the fluorine groups along the lines of thickness of the modified film and towards the outmost surface layer, resulting from the migration of fluorinated blocks to the air side surface of the modified PUA film during the film formation process. However, the PUA film can not be modified effectively by adding the sodium salt of PATF, since the urethane groups in the system are easy to occupy on the surface of the film.     

用含偶氮基的聚苯乙烯大分子引发剂合成两亲性嵌段共聚物

采用含偶氮基的聚苯乙烯预聚物（ＰＳ ＡＣＰＣ）作为引发剂，合成了苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）分别与甲基丙烯酸（ＭＡＡ）、甲基丙烯酸（β 羟丙酯）（ＨＰＭＡ）的嵌段共聚物，考察了ＰＳ ＡＣＰＣ引发第二单体的聚合反应行为，以及影响第二单体转化率和均聚物含量、共聚物组成的因素．用溶解性、凝胶渗透色谱（ＧＰＣ）、红外光谱（ＩＲ）、核磁共振（ＮＭＲ）、动态接触角（ＤＣＡ）等表征了嵌段共聚物．     

聚己内酯聚醚嵌段共聚物和共混物的表面性质对其药物释放行为的影响

聚己内酯聚醚嵌段共聚物和共混物的表面性质对其药物释放行为的影响王卫华，贝建中，王智峰，王身国（中国科学院化学研究所北京１０００８０）关键词聚己内酯聚醚嵌段共聚物，共混物，电子能谱，表面性质，药物释放行为聚己内醋（ＰＣＬ）具有优良的药物通透性和生物相容...     

SYNTHESIS OF BLOCK COPOLYMER FROM 5,6 -BENZO-2-METHYLENE-1,3-DIOXEPANE AND METHYL ACRYLATE VIA ATOM TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION

Poly(methyl acrylate)-b-poly(5,6-benzo-2-methylene-1, 3-dioxepane) (PMA-b-PBMDO) was synthesized by two-step atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Firstly, ATRP of methyl acrylate (MA) was realized using ethyl α-bromobutyrate (EBrB) as initiator in the presence of CuBr/2,2'-bipyridine. After isolation, poly(methyl acrylate) withterminal bromine (PMA-Br) was synthesized. Secondly, the resulting PMA-Br was used as a macromolecular initiator in theATRP of BMDO. The Structure of block copolymer was characterized by ~1H-NMR spectroscopy. Molecular weight andmolecular weight distribution were determined on a gel permeation chromatograph (GPC).     

青霉素酰化酶在甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物上的固定化

 用共价键合法将青霉素酰化酶固定化在珠状多孔的甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GM）共聚物上，研究了固定化反应时间、温度、pH值和酶液用量对固定化青霉素酰化酶的表观活性、表观偶联效率、活性回收及稳定性的影响．将GM共聚物载体加入到磷酸缓冲液（0．1mol／L，pH10．8）与青霉素酰化酶液（每克干载体用酶液1ml）的混合溶液中，在30℃下反应72h，单位质量（干重）固定化酶的表观活性为348U／g，表观偶联效率为66．7％，活性回收为31．7％．     

双亲半柔性两嵌段共聚物在溶液中自组装形态的模拟退火研究

针对一系列疏溶剂嵌段与溶剂间的相互作用,用模拟退火方法研究了双亲半柔性两嵌段共聚物在溶液中的自组装形态.模拟结果显示共聚物在溶液中均形成核-壳聚集体,其中疏溶剂嵌段形成聚集体的核,亲溶剂嵌段形成聚集体的壳.当上述相互作用较小时,核呈球形,而壳如同长在核上的刺.随着上述相互作用的增大,核逐渐增大.在较大的相互作用时,核呈柱形;而随着相互作用的加大,长在核上的刺逐渐伏贴于核表面.在更大的相互作用时,核又呈球状,壳伏贴于核表面.     

Antifouling ultrafiltration membrane composed of polyethersulfone and sulfobetaine copolymer

A new random copolymer was synthesized by reacting hydrophilic N,N-dimethyl-N-methacryloxyethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl) (DMMSA) with hydrophobic butyl methacrylate (BMA) through a conventional radical polymerization. The as-prepared sulfobetaine copolymer (DMMSA–BMA) was blended with polyethersulfone (PES) to fabricate antifouling ultrafiltration membrane for BSA separation. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of blend membranes revealed concentration of sulfobetaine groups at the membrane surfaces that endowed the membrane with higher hydrophilicity and better antifouling property. For the membrane with 8.0 wt% DMMSA–BMA copolymer concentration (No. 5), irreversible fouling has been considerably reduced and the flux recovery rate of the blend membrane reached as high as 82.8%. Furthermore, the blend membrane could effectively resist BSA fouling in a wide pH range from 4.0 to 8.0.     

苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物的核磁共振分析

利用^1H NMR、^13C NMR及DEPT(无畸变极化转移增强)核磁共振技术研究了苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)的序列结构和组成，并比较了几种核磁共振实验技术对分析SMA结果的准确性；实验表明^1H NMR是分析组成的简单、快速而有效的方法，DEPT谱进行序列结构计算准确度较高。