Simultaneous Determination of Metformin Hydrochloride, Cyanoguanidine and Melamine in Tablets by Mixed-Mode HILIC

A simple and specific hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) procedure for the quantification of metformin hydrochloride (MFH) and its impurities in bulk pharmaceuticals and finished dosage forms has been developed. The method is based on hydrophilic interaction of the analytes with silica. The influence of the weaker solvent, acetonitrile, pH and the nature and ionic strength of the buffer was studied. Linearity range and percent recoveries for MFH were 100–400 μg mL⁻¹ and 100.62%, respectively. Good validation data were obtained for all compounds. The method separates impurities cyanoguanidine (CGD), melamine (MLN) and other degradation products with a run time of less than 13 min. Degradation studies involved thermal stress, hydrolysis at various pHs and chemical and photolytic oxidation.     

Determination of Metformin in Human Plasma by Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometric Assay

Introduction Metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanide) (Fig. 1) is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type Ⅱ). Owing to its weight-decreasing and serum lipid-normalizing effects, it is especially recommended for obese patients[1,2] Various analytical methods have been described for the measurement of metformin in biological fluids, including gas chromatography(GC)[3-5], capillary electrophoresis (CE)[6] and HPLC[7～16]with UV detection[7-12,17] HPLC-Mass spectrometry (LC/APCIMS/MS ) offers an attractive alternative to HPLC[18].     

Simultaneous analysis of metformin and cyanoguanidine by capillary zone electrophoresis and its application in a stability study

A capillary zone electrophoresis method was established for stability study of metformin (MET). MET and cyanoguanidine (CGN; a major degradation product) were well separated (with a resolution of 38.9) in 40 mM citrate buffer (pH 6.7) using a fused‐silica capillary with an effective length of 60 cm and an inner diameter of 50 μm, injection at 50 mbar for 5 s at 30°C with an applied voltage of 15 kV and diode array detection at 214 nm. Method validation showed good linearity (r² > 0.99), precision (%RSDs < 1.98%), and accuracy (%recovery between 98.3 and 100.9%). Limits of detection and quantification were <30 and 100 μg/mL, respectively. The method was robust upon alteration of pH and voltage (%RSDs < 1.99%). Stability profiles of metformin from 11 stress conditions and the degradation kinetics could be established, using the simple capillary zone electrophoresis system. A mechanism for the degradation of MET was also proposed. MET was stable in neutral hydrolysis, but degraded under alkaline hydrolysis and oxidation. Under both conditions, CGN was quantified as the degradation product. An assay of MET in raw material and tablets showed that content of the drugs in all samples met the requirements of pharmacopeias and CGN was not detected.     

N-N二甲基甲酰胺/纳米银修饰电极的制备与应用研究

用N-N二甲基甲酰胺和纳米银对导电玻璃(ITO)进行修饰得到了N-N二甲基甲酰胺/纳米银修饰电极。研究了电极的电化学行为,在pH=6.64的PBS缓冲溶液中,盐酸二甲双胍在0.075~0.2mg/mL浓度范围内与氧化峰电流呈现很好的线性关系,线性方程为y=317.19x+30.076,最低检出限为0.000 7mg/mL,线性相关线性系数R2为0.959 5。平行测量5组数据,其RSD值为0.75%,在盐酸二甲双胍缓释片溶液中5次加标回收率平均值为101%。精密度和准确度的分析结果表明方法可应用于药物中盐酸二甲双胍含量的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸倍他司汀片的有关物质

采用Kromasil C18分析柱,水-乙腈(体积比为68：32)混合液为流动相,流速为1．0ml/min,检测波长为261nm,用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸倍他司汀片的有关物质。盐酸倍他司汀样品溶液中有关物质的色谱峰面积之和及2％盐酸倍他司汀线性对照溶液中主成分的色谱峰面积均与盐酸倍他司汀的浓度线性相关,相关系数分别为0．9991、0.9997。     

Developing imprinted polymer nanoparticles for the selective separation of antidiabetic drugs

In this study, new molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles are designed for selective recognition of different drugs used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, i.e. sitagliptin (SG) and metformin (MF). The SG‐ and MF‐imprinted polymer nanoparticles are synthesized by free‐radical initiated polymerization of the functional monomers: methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate; and the crosslinker: ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. The surface morphology of resultant MIP nanoparticles is studied by atomic force microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectra of MIP nanoparticles suggest the presence of reversible, non‐covalent interactions between the template and the polymer. The effect of pH on the rebinding of antidiabetic drugs with SG‐ and MF‐imprinted polymers is investigated to determine the optimal experimental conditions. The molecular recognition characteristics of SG‐ and MF‐imprinted polymers for the respective drug targets are determined at low concentrations of SG (50–150 ppm) and MF (5–100 ppm). In both cases, the MIP nanoparticles exhibit higher binding response compared to non‐imprinted polymers. Furthermore, the MIPs demonstrate high selectivity with four fold higher responses toward imprinted drugs targets, respectively. Recycled MIP nanoparticles retain 90% of their drug‐binding efficiency, which makes them suitable for successive analyses with significantly preserved recognition features.     

RP-HPLC测定黄连上清片中盐酸小檗碱含量

用反相高效液相色谱法测定中药复方制剂黄连上清片中有效成分盐酸小檗碱含量。采用Agilent 1100 ODS色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),乙腈-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液(用磷酸调pH值至3)(30∶70,V/V)为流动相,检测波长为345nm,流速1.0mL/min,柱温25℃。盐酸小檗碱在0.16—4.0μg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性,r=0.9999,平均加样回收率为98.96%(n=6),RSD=1.09%。该法快速简便,灵敏度和稳定性高,可有效控制黄连上清片的内在质量。     

薄层扫描法测定金水六君煎胶囊中盐酸麻黄碱的含量

建立了双波长薄层扫描法测定金水六君煎胶囊中盐酸麻黄碱的方法。盐酸麻黄碱在1—5μg范围内有良好的线性关系,平均回收率98.4%,RSD=2.43%。本方法简便,重现性好,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

苦瓜果实中盐酸小檗碱的提取工艺

以新鲜苦瓜为原料,用盐酸小檗碱为对照品,正交设计优化苦瓜中盐酸小檗碱提取条件,采用超声波和水浴提取法等2种工艺提取苦瓜中盐酸小檗碱,研究单因素对盐酸小檗碱提取率的影响,确定提取盐酸小檗碱的最佳条件.水浴提取苦瓜盐酸小檗碱以A2C1B1组合为最佳提取条件,提取率为5.1642mg/g.超声波提取苦瓜盐酸小檗碱以A3B2C2组合为最佳提取条件,提取率为6.3267mg/g.实验结果表明,超声波法提取效果优于水浴提取法.     

FTIR和Raman用于盐酸曲马多的结构分析

采用AVATAR 360型傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和RM-1000型激光共聚焦拉曼光谱仪测定盐酸曲马多的红外光谱和拉曼光谱。拉曼光谱和红外光谱中均显示出了盐酸曲马多的特征峰,都能够用于其结构鉴别。采用红外、拉曼光谱这两种方法互相印证,互相补充,可增强鉴定的准确性、可靠性。