Twenty years of exceptional success: The molecular education and research consortium in undergraduate computational chemistry (MERCURY)

The molecular education and research consortium in undergraduate computational chemistry (MERCURY) consortium, established in 2000, has contributed greatly to the scientific development of faculty and undergraduates. The MERCURY faculty peer-reviewed publication rate from 2001 to 2019 of 1.7 papers/faculty/year is 3.4 times the rate of the physical science faculty at primarily undergraduate institutions. We have worked with over 1000 students on research projects since 2001, and 75% of our undergraduate research students have been under-represented in chemistry, either female or students of color. Approximately half of our alumni attend graduate school for the purpose of obtaining advanced degrees in STEM fields, and two-thirds are female and/or students of color. We have had more than 1600 attendees at 18 MERCURY conferences, including 111 invited speakers, 61 of whom have been female and/or faculty of color. In this paper, the research accomplishments, transformational outcomes, and scientific productivity of the MERCURY faculty are highlighted.     

Stabilization of solvent-impregnated resins (SIRs) by coating with water-soluble polymer and chemical cross-linking and its application in mercury removal

Stabilization of solvent impregnated resins was achieved by the formation of a surface coating with the absorptive layer of poly(vinyl alcohol) and cross-linking with the protective layer of vinyl sulphone (VS). Amberlite XAD-4 and vinyl sulphone proved to be effective matrix and cross-linking agents, respectively, in the preparation of a protective layer of SIRs containing Cyanex 923 as extractant. The stabilized SIRs were characterized by the amount of vinyl sulphone contributing to the N and S content in the stabilized resin as well as to its operational stability. Optical and single electron microscope pictures were used to examine the appearance and the morphology, respectively, of the external protective barrier of SIR. Batch and column mode of sorption/elution studies for the removal of mercury from aqueous solution at pH 4 were carried out with Cyanex 923 containing SIR coated with PVA cross-linked with VS. Stabilized SIR was found to be effective for the mercury removal and showed great stability during the batch recycle runs. Elution of mercury from SIR was quantitatively achieved with 3M HNO₃. Kinetic and column performances were influenced by the degree of cross-linking of resin coating. Chemical stability and sorption capacity of stabilized SIR remained almost constant after several recycle runs whilst uncoated SIRs lose extractant with time as confirmed by efficiency studies.     

四氯合金属(II)酸烷铵在280-500K间的热力学性质和相变:III.四氯合镉(II)酸n-十二烷铵

在280-500K温度范围内用自动绝热量热计测量了(n-C~1~2H~2~5NH~3)~2CdCl~4的热容。在所研究的温度范围内发现一个固-固相转变, 其相变温度, 相变焓和相变熵分别为(332.4±0.1)K,(48.35±0.33)kJ.mol^-^1和(145.5±1.0)J.K^-^1.mol^-^1。结合已发表的(n-C~1~2H~2~5NH~3)~2MCl~4(M=Mn, Zn)的相变参数讨论了此类配合物的中心原子对其相变的影响。[MCl~4]^2^-配位方式的不同被认为是该类配合物的相变热参数产生差异的主要原因。     

氟氯代β-二酮的合成

从二氟氯乙酸乙酯与甲基酮的Claisen酯缩合反应合成了一些氟氯代β-二酮.用格氏试剂与氟代羧酸酯加成,多氟芳基镉与乙酰氯反应以及氟代β-酮酸酯水解等方法合成了一些新的多氟烃基甲基酮R_FCOCH_3.     

溴化四苯基膦合成的研究

研究了以三苯基膦和溴苯为原料用NiCl2为催化剂定向合成溴化四苯基膦的原子经济性绿色合成反应,系统的考察了催化反应过程中催化剂、反应温度、溶剂、反应时间等因素对产物收率的影响,同时敢讨论了催化剂回收和产物提纯的工艺条件,优化结果表明采用无毒害正辛醇溶剂,回流温度为195℃,反应6h,产物收率可达89%以上。在产物收率和有利环境友好方面的结果尚未见文献报道。     

2-芳胺基-5-[5'-氨基-1'-(4''-氯苯基)-1', 2', 3'-三唑-4'-基]——-1, 3, 4-恶二唑的合成

利用1-[5'-氨基-1'-(4'-氯苯基)-1', 2', 3'-三唑-4'-甲酰基]-4-芳基氨基硫脲在汞盐Hg(OAc)2-HOAc中加热缩合, 制得11种新的2-芳胺基-5-[5'-氨基-1'-(4'-氯苯基)-1', 2', 3'-三唑-4'-基]---1, 3, 4-恶二唑。所有化合物的结构经元素分析, IR、MS以及1H NMR确认。选择代表物作生测试验, 结果表明, 2b, 2k中MIC3.1mg/L时, 对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌繁殖有明显抑制。     

含有配位基团的芳基汞化合物的金属转移反应

本文综述了含有配位基团芳基汞化合物与过渡金属和非过渡金属之间的金属转移反应。讨论了底物中的配位基团对于某些金属转移产物形成的影响.     

溶剂萃取动力学的研究III. 氯化铀酰在盐酸和磷酸三丁酯之间传质过程

本文采用上升液滴法, 研究了氯化铀酰在盐酸介质和磷酸三丁酯(TBP)之间的传质过程. 在一定浓度的盐酸溶液中, TBP 萃取铀的速率与[U] 成正比; 反萃速率与[U] 成正比, 而与[TBP] 成反比. 在温度为20~40 范围内分别测测定了萃取和反萃反应的活化能, 它们的差值与由萃取平衡分配 温度关胤系测得的焓变相符,可以认为, 萃合物UO2Cl2TBP 的生成和离解都是分步进行的中间 物是CU2Cl2TBP; 萃取速率的控制步骤是UO2Cl22TBP 的生成反应, 而反萃速率     

CaCl~2-KCl熔体结构的X射线衍射分析

用高温液态X射线衍射方法, 测定了摩尔比为1:2的CaCl~2-KCl熔体的径向分布函数。结果表明, 熔体中Ca^2^+-Cl^-、K^+-Cl^-和Cl^--CL^-离子对间的最近邻距离分别为0.278,0.306和0.380nm。由于Ca^2^+与Cl^-间的强Coulomb作用, 在熔融的摩尔比为1:2的CaCl~2-KCl体系中, Cl^--Cl^-间的最近邻距离明显小于纯KCl熔体中Cl^--Cl^-间的最近邻距离。     

二元氯化物熔体中锂和钠离子析出电位的测定及去极化作用的研 究

本文利用I-V曲线法测定了锂和钠离子在二元混合氯化物体系(LiCl-KCl;NaCl-KCl)中的析出电位,为利用熔盐电解法制备低钠高纯铝-锂合金提供了理论依据。根据锂离子在铝阴极上产生的去极化值求出铝和锂发生合金化反应的热力学意义,提出二元合金类型与极化类型之间的经验关系。首次通过研究锂离子在铝合金电极上的去极化行为,发现某些第三合金元素的存在可以加强锂离子的去极化作用,为进一步制取低钠高纯三元铝-锂-M合金系列提供了参考。还研究了在氯化钾-氯化锂体系中,氯化锂浓度对锂离子在铝阴极上析出电位的影响,求出了氯化锂的平均活度系数。