Chemical treatment for improving wettability of biofibres into thermoplastic matrices

The use of biofibres as reinforcing agents for composite materials is one of the most promising areas of composite development, but the handicap of their hydrophilic nature has to be resolved to ensure stable composites. This article concerns the effectiveness of chemical modification using fatty acid derivates followed by graft copolymerisation with vinyl monomers to confer hydrophobicity and resistance to enzymatic degradation to biofibres. Oleoyl chloride was used as a fatty acid derivative to modify jute fibres leaving one double bond available for further co-polymerisation with styrene. The chemical modification was applied in swelling and non-swelling solvents and different extents of modification were obtained. The reaction was monitored by FTIR spectroscopy and the extent of modification was calculated from elemental analysis. The copolymerisation reaction was carried out from 2–3 molar% modified jute fibres resulting in highly hydrophobic jute fibres with large resistance to microorganisms. The copolymerisation reaction was also followed by FTIR spectroscopy and covering styrene ratios were deduced from elemental analysis. Additional investigations such as SEM, optical microscopy, enzymatic degradation and floatation techniques were used to support the efficacy of the proposed method.     

Mercury Sensitized Photosynthesis of Glyoxal

The characteristic absorption spectrum of glyoxal at 455C K was observed in a flow system during the mercury sensitized reaction between acetylene and oxygen. It is shown that acetylene excited to its triplet state combines with oxygen in the ground state to form glyoxal.     

电解质在非水混合溶剂中的溶解度和溶剂化数的研究-盐-甲醇-非电介质体系

本文测定了KClO3, NaNO3, NaNO2 三种盐在甲醇-苯, 甲醇-环己烷, 甲醇-四氯化碳和甲醇-二氧六环以及KCl 在甲醇-苯和甲醇-甲苯中的溶解度.它们与非电解质的摩尔分数Xne 的关系符合经验公式计算得到各种盐的甲醇化数: KClO3 为7.1 , NaNO3 为6.4 , NaNO2 为5.8 . 从单骀溶剂化模化模型出发,应用改进的Born 公式, 推导出第二介质参数k'的理论计算公式. 计算的k'和实验的k 数值相近, k'对k 有一定的预示.     

苯氧基稀土二氯化合物的合成

Mehrotra 等人曾报道三烷氧基稀土化合物与乙酰氯反应,合成烷氧基稀土一氯或二氯化合物,Misra 等人以三异丙氧基稀土化合物[Ln(OPr-i)_3,Ln=Nd,Pr]与苯酚在苯溶剂中反应,制备了三苯氧基稀土化合物,但有关苯氧基稀土二氯化合物的合成迄今未见报道.     

毛萼乙素及其一类物的化学选择性合成

本文首次报道从冬凌草甲素(3)经6步或7步反应改造成毛萼乙素(1)和脱氢毛萼甲素(2), 总产率分别为11和10%, 经4步或5步反应改造成新化合物14-羟基毛萼乙素(4)和14-羟基脱氢毛萼甲素(5), 总产率分别为57和49%。     

固相配位化学反应研究 XXXX: 硝普钠与锰(II)、钴(II)、镍(II)、铜(II)氯化物的固相反应

本文用气相色谱、红外光谱和Mossbauer谱等手段, 研究了硝普钠与锰(II)、钴(II)、镍(II)、铜(II)氯化物在氢气氛中的固相反应, 发现过渡金属盐的存在或多或少地影响了硝普钠的分解方式, 其中CuCl~2.2H~2O与硝普钠室温时就反应生成Cu[Fe(CN)~5NO].χH~2O; 在较高温度下, CoCl~2.6H~2O和NiCl~2.6H~2O与硝普钠的固相反应催化了硝普钠迅速分解; 而氯化锰与硝普钠的固相反应与纯配合物较为接近。探讨了第一步反应可能的机理, 并计算了反应动力学参数。     

氢原子共线交换反应的动力学计算 II: 在反应势能面上Cl+HCl(ν)碰撞对的振动去激

本文用一维量子散射方法, 计算了氢原子交换反应Cl+HCl(ν≤3)→ClH(ν'≤3)+Cl,得到了各振动态间反应和非反应非弹性几率。结果表明反应和非反应非弹性几率均呈振荡变化。反应与非反应去激几率相差不大, 预期在Cl原子与HCl(ν=1,2,3,)碰撞去激过程中, 反应和非反应散射都是一种有效的机理; 此与Wilkins的轨迹结果相符。去激几率与始终态振动量子数密切相关, 我们归纳出公式: P~ν~ν~'≈10^ν^+^ν^'^-^2^(^ν^'^'^+^1^)P~ν~ν~'~',(ν>ν'>ν')。与Moor的实验结果符合较好。     

Na2O-SiO2-Al2O3-NaCl-H2O体系中ANA和SOD沸石膜的水热合成

Na2O-SiO2-Al2O3-NaCl-H2O体系中，以水玻璃和准一水软铝石为原料，分别在 堇青石和玻璃载体上水热合成方沸石（ANA）和方钠石（SOD）沸石膜。研究水含量 、反应温度、反应时间与多次合成对膜结晶的影响。用XRD，SEM，EDX表征膜的晶 相、形貌和化学组成。堇青石负载方沸石膜在对95％（wt.)乙醇水溶液的渗透蒸发 实验中，水优先透过沸石膜的选择性显示了晶间孔的醇／水分离作用。非计量的 NaCl进入到在玻璃载体上成膜的方钠石笼中，致使该膜显示光致变色效应。     

用β-CD构筑琥珀酸脱氢酶的研究

用β-CD，马来酸酐，氯乙酸和三氯化铁反应，合成了双-[6-氧-(β-羧甲基-丁二酸-1,4-单酯-4-)]-β-CD·Fe^3^+配合物(简称模拟酶)。以此模拟酶模拟琥珀酸脱氢酶，将琥珀酸氧化脱氢生成延胡索酸，同时，又将甲苯氧化成苯甲醛和苯甲酸。