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31.
J. T. Hoeft M. Polcik D. I. Sayago M. Kittel R. Terborg R. L. Toomes J. Robinson D. P. Woodruff M. Pascal G. Nisbet C. L. A. Lamont 《Surface science》2003,540(2-3):441-456
The local adsorption geometry of CO adsorbed in different states on Ni(1 0 0) and on Ni(1 0 0) precovered with atomic hydrogen has been determined by C 1s (and O 1s) scanned-energy mode photoelectron diffraction, using the photoelectron binding energy changes to characterise the different states. The results confirm previous spectroscopic assignments of local atop and bridge sites both with and without coadsorbed hydrogen. The measured Ni–C bondlengths for the Ni(1 0 0)/CO states show an increase of 0.16 ± 0.04 Å in going from atop to bridge sites, while comparison with similar results for Ni(1 1 1)/CO for threefold coordinated adsorption sites show a further lengthening of the bond by 0.05 ± 0.04 Å. These changes in the Ni–CO chemisorption bondlength with bond order (for approximately constant adsorption energy) are consistent with the standard Pauling rules. However, comparison of CO adsorbed in the atop geometry with and without coadsorbed hydrogen shows that the coadsorption increases the Ni–C bondlength by only 0.06 ± 0.04 Å, despite the decrease in adsorption energy of a factor of 2 or more. This result is also reproduced by density functional theory slab calculations. The results of both the experiments and the density functional theory calculations show that CO adsorption onto the Ni(1 0 0)/H surface is accompanied by significant structural modification; the low desorption energy may then be attributed to the energy cost of this restructuring rather than weak local bonding. 相似文献
32.
K. S. Birdi 《Colloid and polymer science》1997,275(6):561-566
The surface tension versus temperature data of homologous series of n-alkanes and n-alkenes is analyzed. Critical temperatures are shown to be predicted from these data, with a very high precision, after some
corrections are made. The corrections are shown to arise from the effect of the critical pressure on the extrapolated data
to surface tension approaching zero.
Received: 29 October 1996 Accepted: 13 December 1996 相似文献
33.
Vincent S. Smentkowski John T. Yates Jr. Xiaojie Chen William A. Goddard III 《Surface science》1997,370(2-3):209-231
The radiation-induced decomposition of C4F9I and CF3I overlayers at 119 K on diamond (100) surfaces has been shown to be an efficient route to fluorination of the diamond surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used for photoactivation as well as for studying the photodecomposition of the fluoroalkyl iodide molecules, the attachment of the photofragments to the diamond surface, and the thermal decomposition of the fluoroalkyl ligands. Measured chemical shifts agree well with ab initio calculations of both C 1s and F 1s binding energies. It is found that chemisorbed CF3 groups on diamond (100) decompose by 300 K whereas C4F9 groups decompose over the range 300 to 700 K and this reactivity difference is rationalized on steric grounds. Both of these thermal decomposition processes produce surface C---F bonds on the diamond. The surface C---F species thermally decompose over a wide temperature range extending up to 1500 K. Hydrogen passivation of the diamond surface is ineffective in preventing free radical attack from the photodissociated products of the fluoroalkyl iodides; I atoms produced photolytically abstract H from surface C---H bonds to yield hydrogen iodide at 119 K allowing diamond fluorination. The attachment of chemisorbed F species to the diamond (100) surface causes band bending as the surface states are occupied as a result of chemisorption. This results in a shift to higher binding energy of the diamond-related C 1s levels present in the surface and subsurface regions which are sampled by XPS on the diamond. The use of photoactivation of fluoroalkyl iodides for the fluorination of diamond surfaces provides a convenient route compared to other methods involving the action of atomic F, molecular F2, XeF2 and F-containing plasmas. 相似文献
34.
35.
提出了折射率温敏式光纤温度传感器的理论模型,包括子午光线和偏射光线的影响,讨论了多模光纤的弯曲损耗,理论的分析和结果与实验相当一致。 相似文献
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38.
Q. Gong R. N tzel P.J. van Veldhoven T.J. Eijkemans J.H. Wolter 《Journal of Crystal Growth》2005,280(3-4):413-418
We report on the shape transition from InAs quantum dashes to quantum dots (QDs) on lattice-matched GaInAsP on InP(3 1 1)A substrates. InAs quantum dashes develop during chemical-beam epitaxy of 3.2 monolayers InAs, which transform into round InAs QDs by introducing a growth interruption without arsenic flux after InAs deposition. The shape transition is solely attributed to surface properties, i.e., increase of the surface energy and symmetry under arsenic deficient conditions. The round QD shape is maintained during subsequent GaInAsP overgrowth because the reversed shape transition from dot to dash is kinetically hindered by the decreased ad-atom diffusion under arsenic flux. 相似文献
39.
Ryohei Tsuda Sayaka Kaino Hisashi Kokubo Shin-Ichiro Imabayashi Masayoshi Watanabe 《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2007,56(1-2):255-Optics
Redox properties of phenothiazine-labeled poly(ethyl glycidy ether)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PT-EGEn-b-EOm) are reversibly changed by core-shell micelle formation. In the temperature range higher than the critical micellization temperature (cmt), the anodic potential of PT group positively shifts and concomitantly its anodic current decrease, or levels off compared to those of the reference polymer PT-EOm without the thermo-responsive EGEn segment. The former alteration is caused by incorporation of hydrophobic PT groups into a core of the micelle and the latter by the decrease in the diffusion coefficient of PT groups due to formation of the core-shell micelles. The cmt value and the temperature-dependent alteration in the redox properties strongly depend on the polymer structure, especially the length of thermo-responsive EGEn segment. The electrochemically determined hydrodynamic radii of the polymer aggregates seem to be overestimated, compared to the values reported for the aggregates of other thermo-responsive polymers with similar molecular weights, implying the presence of electrochemically inactive PT groups in the copolymers having longer thermo-responsive segments. 相似文献
40.