芦荟茶中微量元素锰及其氨基酸含量的测定分析

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了芦荟保健茶中微量元素锰的含量,氨基酸分析仪测定了17种氨基酸的含量,结果显示芦荟保健茶中含有较高的锰元素和丰富的氨基酸。红茶中锰的含量高于绿茶,其中锰元素在热水中的总溶出率可达50%以上,一次浸泡溶出率＞二次浸泡溶出率＞三次浸泡溶出率。茶中含有7种人体必需的氨基酸,其中较多的是天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、亮氨酸。高锰是该系列保健茶的显著特点。实验结果为探讨芦荟保健系列茶中微量元素和氨基酸与保健功能之间的关系提供了有用的数据。     

A Simple Route to Produce Highly Efficient Porous Carbons Recycled from Tea Waste for High-Performance Symmetric Supercapacitor Electrodes

High-performance porous carbons derived from tea waste were prepared by hydrothermal treatment, combined together with KOH activation. The heat-treatment-processed materials possess an abundant hierarchical structure, with a large specific surface of 2235 m² g⁻¹ and wetting-complemental hydrophilicity for electrolytes. In a two-electrode system, the porous carbon electrodes’ built-in supercapacitor exhibited a high specific capacitance of 256 F g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹, an excellent capacitance retention of 95.4% after 10,000 cycles, and a low leakage current of 0.014 mA. In our work, the collective results present that the precursor crafted from the tea waste can be a promising strategy to prepare valuable electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors, which offers a practical strategy to recycle biowastes into manufactured materials in energy storage applications.     

液相色谱-串联质谱检测蔬菜和茶叶中吡虫啉的残留量

介绍了利用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）快速、准确地测定蔬菜、茶叶产品中吡虫啉残留量的方法。前处理方法为用乙腈提取,再用弗罗里硅土和活性炭混合柱净化。用多反应监测技术确定吡虫啉的两对离子(m/z 256.0/209.3,m/z 256.0/175.2)为定性离子对,m/z 209.3为定量离子。方法的定量限为0.01 mg/kg,线性范围为0.01～0.5 mg/L,加标回收率为76%～90%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为7.4%～11.0%。     

Spectroscopy Investigation on Conformational Transition of Tea Glycoconjugate from Green Tea

The conformational transition of a new glycoconjugate, tea glycoconjugate (TGC), was investigated by spectroscopy techniques including circular dichroism (CD) and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. The solution behaviors of TGC in the mediums of different temperature, pH value, and ions were compared. Results showed that the native conformation of TGC was partially ordered. The CD value and UV absorbance of TGC altered with the change of pH value, temperature, the addition of ions, and also accompanied order-disorder transition. Especially the conditions with temperature higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg=62℃), higher pH value or lower pH value will have the most impact on the conformation of TGC, which will destroy the hydrogen bonds between the TGC molecules. The results indicated that the outside factors play important roles on the stability of the conformation of TGC.     

茶叶中总黄酮含量测定方法的研究

茶叶中富含羟基苯甲酸类、肉桂酸类及原花色素等多酚类物质,这些物质都具有邻苯二羟基结构,碱性环境下与铝离子形成络合物,影响总黄酮的测定。本实验用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝法和三氯化铝法测定茶叶总黄酮含量的结果作了比较。实验结果表明,亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝法的测定结果比三氯化铝法约高60mg/g,三氯化铝法在酸性环境下进行,酸度实验显示,适宜酸度为pH≥5.0。鞣酸干扰实验表明,平均误差为0.017mg,随着鞣酸量的增加,测得值无上升趋势。三氯化铝法的线性方程:y=0.000638 0.8623x,相关系数:r=0.9998;样品加标回收率为98.05%。因此,对含酚类较多的植物应采用三氯化铝法测定其总黄酮的含量。     

茶中茶多酚的高效液相色谱法分离分析

用改进的Ａｇａｒｗａｌ方法萃取不同种类茶叶和茶饮料中的茶多酚,建立了用高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）法对茶多酚进行分离分析方法。ＨＰＬＣ可有效分离ＧＴＰｓ主要组成成分ＥＣ、ＥＧＣ、ＥＣＧ和ＥＧＣＧ并精确定量,相对标准偏差小于５％。茶叶加工过程对ＧＴＰｓ含量有很大影响,绿茶总ＧＴＰｓ含量在６￣１５ｇ／１００ｇ干茶叶、乌龙茶总ＧＴＰｓ含量在５￣７ｇ／１００ｇ干茶叶,红茶总ＧＴＰｓ含量低于２ｇ／１００ｇ干茶叶     

亲水单分散聚合物基质阳离子色谱柱的制备及其应用

以自制5.0 μm单分散大孔亲水交联聚甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯微球为基质,合成一种新型弱酸性阳离子色谱填料.选用甲烷磺酸作淋洗液,在流速为1.0 mL/min时,对6种无机阳离子(Li+, Na+, NH+4, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+)和有机胺进行了良好分离.考察了淋洗液种类、浓度以及流速对6种无机阳离子分离的影响,选择了合适的色谱分离条件.测得6种离子在一定浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系和低的检出限.将其用于决明茶中阳离子的分析,4种离子在20 min内完全分离,各离子标准加入回收率在96%～107%之间.此色谱柱的分离效果与Dionex IonPacCS12A商品柱接近,但分析时间缩短了44 min.     

胺基化壳聚糖树脂吸附分离茶多酚的研究

对珠状壳聚糖树脂进行胺基化改性,制备了胺基化珠状壳聚糖树脂,并用FTIR对胺基化珠状壳聚糖树脂进行了结构表征。利用该树脂对绿茶中茶多酚进行吸附分离,探讨了其吸附条件,考察了其吸附性能。结果表明,胺基化壳聚糖树脂对茶多酚的吸附既符合Langmuir等温式,也符合Freundlich等温式;本实验最佳吸附条件为:温度25℃,茶汤溶液pH值5,吸附时间2h;最大吸附量达到486.0mg/g。     

在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱/质谱法检测茶叶中的153种农药残留

建立了在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱/质谱(GPC-GC/MS)分析茶叶中153种农药残留的方法。样品用乙腈超声提取,提取液经石墨化炭黑固相萃取柱净化后,经GPC-GC/MS在线净化、分离和检测。方法的加标回收率为73.32%～117.05%,相对标准偏差为0.76%～13.18%。方法的检出限和定量限范围分别为0.0003～0.006 mg/kg和0.001～0.02 mg/kg。该方法样品前处理简单、分析时间短,灵敏度和精密度均符合农药多残留检测技术的要求,适用于茶叶中多种农药残留的检测。     

高灵敏度分光光度法测定茶叶中锌的含量

研究了在聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下,Zn2+ - SCN—- RhB高灵敏度显色反应体系,采用分光光度法测定茶叶中微量锌的新方法.结果表明,络合物的最大吸收峰在605 nm处,摩尔吸光系数为1.59×106 L·mol—1·cm—1,Zn2+的质量浓度在0.0~0.04 μg/mL范围内服从比尔定律.该法用于测定茶叶中锌...