Investigation of electrochemical performance of MgNiO2 prepared by sol-gel synthesis route for aqueous-based supercapacitor application

In this work, we have successfully synthesized MgNiO₂ using a sol-gel wet chemical synthesis technique named MNO - 3. Electrochemical measurements in the presence of aqueous 1 M Li₂SO₄ electrolyte indicate that MNO - 3 samples exhibit a capacitance value of about 30 F/g and an energy density of about 20 Wh/kg. Subsequently, in the experiment involving aqueous 0.5 M Na₂SO₄ electrolyte system, it has been found that the capacitance for MNO - 3 sample is about 34 F/g and the energy density is about 23 Wh/kg for MNO - 3 sample. Finally, in the presence of aqueous-based 1 M Mg(ClO₄)₂ electrolyte, MNO - 3 sample is found to exhibit a capacitance of about 26 F/g and an energy density of about 17 Wh/kg, respectively. In all three electrolyte systems, the MNO -3 sample exhibit a long cycle capacitance retention of greater than 85% for 1000 charge-discharge cycles.     

Short-range order structure and free volume distribution in liquid bismuth: X-ray diffraction and computer simulations studies

ABSTRACT

The structure of liquid bismuth was studied by X-ray diffraction and computer simulation methods. The contraction of the atomic structure within the first coordination sphere in the temperature interval of 575-1225?K is reported. The temperature dependencies of the coordination numbers and of the free volume are analysed. On the basis of the temperature dependencies of the free volume, the temperature dependencies of viscosity and the self-diffusion coefficient were calculated to be in the ranges from 1.17 to 0.86?mPa?s and from 2.18 × 10^?9 to 5.44 × 10^?9?m²/s, respectively. The free volume – extracted results are in fair agreement with the experimental data and with the results obtained in the molecular dynamics simulations.     

Quantitative characterization of holographic displays based on liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator

This report discusses the effect of speckle size on the quality of holographic images based on a liquid-crystal-on-silicon (LCoS) spatial light modulator (SLM). Further, it proposes methods of quantifying the average speckle size and holographic image resolution. These methods enable both characteristics to be compared using the same unit (the number of pixels in the holographic image), providing an intuitive and effective comparative analysis method. In particular, by varying the LCoS resolution ratio, the change in the resolvable minimum pixels of the holographic image is interpreted in conjunction with the average speckle size; moreover, an analysis of the correlation between the latter two is presented. This approach, based on LCoS resolution division, could provide useful insights into single-SLM-based, full-color holographic displays using space division. Furthermore, it could be extended to other components, including more advanced LCoS SLMs, and used to identify the relative effects on image quality with speckles.     

Comparison of analytical methods for the quality control of a new formulation containing soy extract and melatonin

Three analytical methods have been developed and compared for the quality control of a new formulation (Soymen GN(R) capsules) containing soy extract and melatonin for the treatment of menopausal symptoms. The first method is based on MEKC with diode-array detection, using a mixture of basic carbonate buffer (95%) and methanol (5%), containing 55 mM SDS, as the BGE. The second method is an HPLC method with UV detection at 260 nm. The third method is an HPLC method coupled to amperometric detection which is carried out at an oxidation potential of +0.8 V. In both HPLC systems, the chromatographic separation is obtained on an RP C18 column using a mixture of ACN and an acidic phosphate buffer (25:75 v/v) as the mobile phase. A feasible pretreatment procedure with a methanol/water mixture has been implemented to achieve the quantitative extraction of the main soy isoflavones and of melatonin from the capsules. The results obtained with the three methods are in good agreement with each other and satisfactory in terms of linearity (r(2) >0.9996), precision (RSD <5.4%) and accuracy (recovery >97%). Thus, each of the three analytical methods seems to be suitable for the simultaneous analysis of the main soy isoflavones and melatonin in the new commercial formulation.     

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identification of imidacloprid photolysis products

Photolysis of imidacloprid by near ultraviolet (UV) radiation was investigated using reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) operated in the positive ion mode. The decomposition of imidacloprid by near UV light is first order with a half life of 10.18 h. Photo-degradation products of imidacloprid identified in this study included imidacloprid urea, imidacloprid olefin, and imidacloprid desnitro. A degradation pathway is proposed for imidacloprid from an examination of the product decay curves obtained in this monitoring study which was performed in a batch test mode.     

分散第二相Al_2O_3对高分子固体电解质电性能的影响

于固体电解质PEO＿NaSCN络合物中加入Al2O3绝缘体作为第二相,分别研究了Al2O3的粒径,含量对该固体电解质电性能的影响.发现当Al2O3的粒径小于1μm时,离子电导率比纯的固体电解质的电导率高,大于1μm时,则比纯样品的低,即临界粒径约为1μm.当Al2O3的含量达到约25%时,电导率达到极大值.此外,样品的高频极化和低频极化也随Al2O3的粒径的增大而越显著.     

Rapid determination of trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particulate matter using accelerated solvent extraction followed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

A method has been developed for the trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are known as persistent organic pollutants and ubiquitous constituents of fine particulate matter that causes growing airborne pollution. The method, which was especially for samples of airborne particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter, utilized accelerated solvent extraction and ultra high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. Four principal parameters of accelerated solvent extraction were optimized to obtain maximum extraction efficiency. Using the established synergetic programs of gradient elution and fluorescence wavelength switching, a rapid separation was achieved in 6.56 min with good linearity for 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (coefficient of determination above 0.999). The limits of detection ranged from 0.833 to 10.0 pg/m³. The precision of the method expressed as inter‐day relative standard deviation ranged from 0.2 to 1%, which was calculated from nine repetitive measurements of 8.00 μg/L analytes. Average spiked recoveries ranged from 71.6 to 97.7%, with the exception of naphthalene. The rapid, sensitive, and accurate method can meet the pressing needs of health risk assessment and increasingly heavy daily tasks of air quality monitoring.     

液态锂限制器的铺展性测试平台设计及初步实验

为研究液态锂在电磁驱动限制器表面的铺展特性,设计了与EAST限制器接口相同的限制器测试平台.该平台运行时真空环境可达10?4Pa,对被测限制器可加热至350℃.在限制器锂回路管道上,利用外部2T水平磁场以及竖直方向施加的最大为200A的直流电流,形成电磁驱动力驱动下的锂液循环回路.测试平台设有顶部和正面两个观察窗,能够...     

超分子构筑调控合成结构规整的梯形聚合物及其应用研究

综述了"超分子构筑调控的逐步偶联/聚合法",该方法将高分子化学与超分子化学相结合,利用多种类型的超分子弱键协同作用首先构筑预期的梯形超分子结构,再经聚合得到共价键梯形高分子.利用该方法合成了一系列结构规整的氧桥基和有机桥基梯形聚硅氧烷以及碳基梯形聚酯,并利用侧基间π-π叠加作用实现了对聚合物立体构型控制.扼要介绍了梯形聚合物在先进材料方面的应用,例如梯形聚硅氧烷液晶光致取向膜;由梯形聚硅氧烷合成的管状聚硅氧烷在高室温储存期微电子环氧塑封料方面的应用;以及基于梯形聚硅氧烷的拟筛板聚合物在二阶非线性光学材料方面的应用等.     

液晶光阀的偏光显示特性分析

讨论了液晶光阀的偏光扭曲向列性效应, 分析了液晶光阀中液晶分子在交流电场作用下重新取向后的扭曲, 测量了TB3639型液晶光阀在特定的频率连续改变外加交流电压条件下,液晶分子重新取向后的扭曲角度以及液晶光阀的电光特性。测量结果表明,在外加电压连续改变时,入射线偏振光的透射率呈现连续非线性变化,这种非线性变化可以由液晶分子的扭曲量来改变。同时液晶分子180°的扭曲使得液晶光阀具有较陡的电光特性曲线,这对于多通道矩阵寻址方式的液晶光阀而言在矩阵显示中可有更多的通道寻址线和更高的对比度。