高电流低气压等离子体阴极电子枪设计与实验

设计了一种新型的高功率低气压等离子体电子枪。基于空心阴极效应和低压辉光放电原理与经验,确定了空心阴极、加速间隙、工作气压范围等。提出关于等离子体阴极电子枪产生高功率、高密度电子束源的整体方案。分别在连续馈气和脉冲馈气条件下进行实验测试,得到放电电流、收集极电流与气压、脉宽及调制器电压的关系。实验获得电子枪的典型放电电流为150~200 A,脉宽60 μs;传输电子束达到30~80 A,脉宽60 μs。该结果表明该新型等离子体阴极电子枪可以取代材料阴极作为大电流、长脉冲电子束源,特别适用于等离子体加载微波管。     

虚阴极振荡器“硬管化”实验研究

采用锆泵作为吸气泵,设计出静态保真空模拟实验装置。在该实验装置上进行了保真空可行性实验,装置在经过10 d的保真空后,真空度为1.4×10-3 Pa 。在模拟保真空实验成功实现的基础上,用常规微波管技术设计加工了“硬管”器件,并进行保真空实验,静态下真空度经过15 d仍能维持在2×10-2 Pa。该器件在峰值电压为330 kV的条件下,输出微波功率达到650 MW,脉宽为40 ns,主频为3.68 GHz,性能比普通器件有很大改善,微波脉宽更宽,频谱更单一,而且稳定性很高。     

磁性材料新近进展

磁性材料是应用广泛、品种繁多的一类重要的功能材料, 20世纪90年代以后发展十分迅速.稀土-3d过渡族磁性合金材料,如稀土永磁、巨磁致收缩材料、巨磁热效应材料,磁光效应材料等,以及非晶,纳米微晶磁性材料相继问世.1988年巨磁电阻效应的发现已获广泛应用,如读出磁头、传感器以及磁随机存储器等,并发展成为自旋电子学的新学科. 文章简要介绍了近年来磁性材料的一些新进展.     

Fluorogenic Detection of Human Serum Albumin Using Curcumin-Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with rhodamine B and capped with curcumin are used for the selective and sensitive fluorogenic detection of human serum albumin (HSA). The sensing mesoporous silica nanoparticles are loaded with rhodamine B, decorated with aminopropyl moieties and capped with curcumin. The nanoparticles selectively release the rhodamine B cargo in the presence of HSA. A limit of detection for HSA of 0.1 mg/mL in PBS (pH 7.4)-acetonitrile 95:5 v/v was found, and the sensing nanoparticles were used to detect HSA in spiked synthetic urine samples.     

Preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography for purification of shikonin from the Chinese medicinal plant Lithospermum erythrorhizon

The bioactive compound shikonin was successfully isolated and purified from the crude extract of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc. by preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). The preparative HSCCC was performed using a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethylacetate-ethanol-water (16:14:14:5 (v/v)). A total amount of 19.6 mg of shikonin at 98.9% purity was obtained from 52 mg of the crude extract (containing 38.9% shikonin) with 96.9% recovery. The preparative isolation and purification of shikonin by HSCCC was completed in 200 min in a one-step separation.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备丙烯酸树脂/TiO2有机-无机杂化材料及其结构表征

通过预水解的二氧化钛(TiO2 )溶胶与丙烯酸树脂共混或原位聚合的方法制备了均匀透明的丙烯酸树脂 TiO2 有机 无机杂化材料.考察了TiO2 溶胶制备方法、聚合物中—COOH官能团含量和杂化材料制备方法对杂化材料结构的影响.索氏抽提实验表明聚合物中的羧酸官能团和无机TiO2 相间发生了交联反应,且随着—COOH官能团含量的增加,交联程度增大.小角X射线散射(SAXS)结果发现,杂化材料中TiO2 为疏松的三维网状结构,且在纳米尺度范围内,但这种三维网状结构随着TiO2 溶胶制备中水或酸的用量增加,其致密度增加,尺寸增大.同原位聚合法相比,共混法可制备出更均匀的杂化体系,且TiO2 为单分散.     

高比表面积活性炭的制备及其储氢性能的研究进展

简要分析各种储氢材料和技术的基础上,重点介绍了高比表面积活性炭的制备方法,目前最常用的活化方法是以氢氧化钾为活化剂的化学活化法;并总结了近年来前人在高比表面积活性炭储氢方面的研究结果,同时简要分析了高比表面积活性炭储氢机理方面的研究进展.     

An ionothermal synthetic approach to porous polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks

Pretty porous POMs: Ionothermal synthesis was applied to prepare porous POM-based open frameworks. The structural integrity remains unchanged until 300?°C; most importantly, the bulky tetrabutylammonium cations within their nanosized channels can be replaced by transition-metal ions through a cation-exchange process, and subsequent gas adsorption measurements confirm their permanent porosity.     

Mesoporous materials for drug delivery

Research on mesoporous materials for biomedical purposes has experienced an outstanding increase during recent years. Since 2001, when MCM-41 was first proposed as drug-delivery system, silica-based materials, such as SBA-15 or MCM-48, and some metal-organic frameworks have been discussed as drug carriers and controlled-release systems. Mesoporous materials are intended for both systemic-delivery systems and implantable local-delivery devices. The latter application provides very promising possibilities in the field of bone-tissue repair because of the excellent behavior of these materials as bioceramics. This Minireview deals with the advances in this field by the control of the textural parameters, surface functionalization, and the synthesis of sophisticated stimuli-response systems.