6,6-二烷基富烯与有机锂的反应-双(取代环戊二烯基)钛, 锆衍生物的合成

本文研究了6,6-二烷基富烯与有机锂反应的立体效应。6,6二甲基、甲基乙基、二乙基、甲基苯基富烯与乙基锂易发生环外双键的还原反应。6-甲基-6-正丙基、异丁基富烯同正丁基锂则发生环外双键的加成反应。6,6-多亚甲基富烯[C5H4=C(CH2)n]与有机锂的反应随n值不同而异, n=4的富烯同正丙基锂和正丁基锂进行α-攫氢和环外双键还原的竞争反应; n=5,6 的富烯与乙基锂, 异丙基锂和异丁基锂发生还原反应, 与正丙基俚和正丁基锂则进行加成与还原的竞争反应,n=4 的富烯与芳基锂发生α-攫氢反应, 随n值增大则倾向于加成反应。通过上述反应所得的锂化合物合成了一系列新的仲、叔烷基和烯基取代的环戊二烯基钛、锆衍生物。应用^1HNMR证明了化合物的结构。     

溶致变色法测算线型有机汞化合物的分子二阶极化率(β)

本文报道采用溶致变色法测试12个直线型芳基对硝基苯乙炔基汞化合物(1~12)的分子二阶极化率(β)。测试结果发现, 这些化合物的β值为10^-^2^9esu数量级, 其数值大小与取代基D的电子性质并无直接的关系, 表明从D到NO2并未发生有效的分子内电荷转移。这些化合物的电子吸收光谱中, λmax位于310±7nm范围内, 与具有相近β值的一些有机分子相比, λmax紫移了60nm以上。初步讨论了溶致变色法测试金属有机化合物的β值的适用条件和局限性。     

Effect of postgrafted alkyl chains on the wettability of hydrophilic poly(amidoamine)-grafted nano-sized silica

In order to control the surface wettability of hyperbranched hydrophilic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM)-grafted nano-sized silica, hydrophilic alkyl chain (C _n H_2n+1) with different chain lengths (n = 4, 8, 15) were postgrafted onto PAMAM-grafted silica by the reaction of terminal amino groups of PAMAM grafted on the silica surface with alkyl acid chlorides (C _n H_2n+1-COCl). The postgrafting of C _n H_2n+1-COCl increased with increasing PAMAM grafting and alkyl chain length of C _n H_2n+1-COCl. However, the terminal amino groups of PAMAM-grafted silica used for the postgrafting of C _n H_2n+1-COCl decreased with increasing chain length. This may be due to the steric hindrance between terminal amino groups of PAMAM-grafted silica and C _n H_2n+1-COCl: the steric hindrance is considered to increase with increasing chain length of C _n H_2n+1-COCl. The surface wettability was estimated by contact angle measurement for water and methanol wettability. As a result, it was found that contact angle and methanol wettability increased with increasing alkyl chain length of postgrafted C _n H_2n+1-COCl. The hyperbranched PAMAM-grafted silica readily dispersed in water and methanol because of the hydrophilic nature of grafted PAMAM, but it lost dispersibility in water and methanol due to postgrafting of hydrophobic chains.     

Interfacial strengthening of high-impact polypropylene compounds by reactive modification

The effects of reactive modification on the interfacial strength in high-impact polypropylene materials have been investigated using a model system and demonstrated in two specific examples on high flow materials for thin wall injection moulding and reinforced compounds for engineering applications. Using Borealis' proprietary modification technology, the modification degree was controlled by varying the free radical initiator and co-agent content, respectively. The influence of the modification degree on the formation of ethylene-propylene copolymer grafted to polypropylene, which is believed to be the main reason for the strengthened interface between the PP matrix and EPR particles, the phase morphology and material properties was investigated. Depending on practical application requirements, a well defined material performance such as toughness, flowability, surface stability, etc. could be adjusted.     

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE CHAIN CONFORMATION OF ELECTROSYNTHESIZED POLY(p-PHENYLENE) FILMS

Poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) films have been electrochemically deposited on mirrorlike stainless steel (SS) electrode surfaces by direct oxidation of benzene in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE) solutions at a constant applied potential of 1.7 V (versus Ag/AgCl). The chain conformations of as-grown PPP films have been studied by Raman spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that high synthesis temperature favors the formation of planar PPP, and the conformation of planar PPP can be changed into torsional PPP by cooling treatment.     

Roussin红盐和Roussin黑盐的电子结构

Roussin黑盐簇阴离子及其"元件化合物"Roussin红盐簇阴离子,是固氮酶活性中心福州模型I(网兜状原子簇模型)的模型物.本文用闭壳层CNDO/2(S,D方案)法计算了它们的电子结构.根据计算所得的Mulliken重叠集居,电荷密度,分子轨道能量和轨道特征等数据,对成键性质进行了分析,得出如下主要结论:两种簇阴离子骨架电子的非定域性都比较强,桥硫原子Sb在由红盐形成黑盐的电子转移过程中起施主作用,两种簇阴离子中都存在M-M键,强度与M-Sb键相近,其主要贡献都来源于金属的s,pz,dz2轨道与硫原子的s,pz轨道之间的σ作用,金属d轨道的π作用对整个骨架的成键贡献很小.     

[Bu~4N]~3[Mo~2FeS~8O].(CH~2OH)~2簇合物的合成, 结构和性质研究

(NH4)2MoS~4、FeCl~3与乙二醇钠在乙二醇溶液中反应, 再与Bu~4NBr作用可得到一种M0-Fe-S簇合物[Bu~4N]~3[Mo~2FeS~8O].HOCH~2OH。其结构经X光晶体结构分析确定。并测定其红外光谱、紫外光谱、Mossbauer谱和电化学性质。该化合物可催化KBH~4转化乙炔还原为乙烯的反应。     

疏水-亲脂相互作用对反应性的影响5.长链硫醇和长链羧酸酯酯交换反应的接近效应

本工作研究了不同链长羧酸的对硝基及其它取代苯与不同链长硫醇间的酯交换反应动力学,所用溶剂为Me2SO-H2O,CH3COCH2-H2O及C2H5OH-H2O混合体系,在Me2SO-H2O中,长链硫醇和长链酯之间的反应速度比相应的短链硫醇与短链酯,长链硫醇与短链酯及短链硫醇和长链酯之间的反应速度快得多,这是由于疏水-亲脂相互作用使两个反应物分子互相接近而引起的加速效应,这种接近效应依赖于溶剂组成。在Me2SO-H2O中,接近效应随Me2SO含量增加而迅速减小;在良溶剂体系中,不存在接近效应,在Φ=0.45Me2SO中,十二硫醇相对于丁硫醇的加速效应约为160倍。     

高T~cYBa~2Cu~3O~7-xF~y超导体表面和体相的化学态的XPS研究

以NH~4F作为F^-源,制备了一系列不同含F量的高T~cYBa~2Cu~3O~7-xF~y超导体,在名义F含量小于1.5mol范围内,基T~c值均比与之对照的不含F样品高2～6K.用XPS研究了这类含F材料表面和体相的化学态及其变化,根据同种化合物中不同元素间的结合能差和其它辅助实验结果,标识了每个元素不同化学态的光电子峰,并对各个峰的可能来源及其对应原子在结构中的位置和作用进行了讨论.结果揭示,表现和体相的体学态存在着较大差异.