3-氰基吡啶与Grignard试剂的反应研究

3-取代酰基吡啶可由3-氰基吡啶与相应的卤代烷基镁加成,然后酸化水解来制备.我们曾用该法顺利地制备了一系列的3-取代酰基吡啶,另外还得到少量的4-烷基-3-取代酰基吡啶.但当用氯化苄基镁时,只得到少量的3-取代酰基吡啶,而主要产物却是4-苄基-3-氰基吡啶.为了探讨这两种反应中各组分的相对含量,用高压液相色谱分别对3-氰基吡啶与溴化丁基镁、氯化苄基镁的反应产物进行了分析.为了解释反应产物的异常现象,对反应物进行了量子化学计算,用前线轨道理论对以上反应进行了讨论.     

含烯烃配体的过渡金属配合物的研究IV: 钼和铬的环庚三烯二羰基[乙氧基(芳基)卡宾]配合物的合成和晶体结构

选择了含奇数碳的环状共轭三烯配体的环庚三烯三羰基钼和铬,在低温下与芳基锂反应,并用Et3OBF4烷基化,得到组成为H8(CO)2MoC(OC2H5)Ar的四个化合物与一个黑色结晶:C7H8(CO)2Cr(OC2H5)H4CF3-P.用元素分析、光谱分析、X射线晶体结构测定研究了它们的结构.     

C16H14SNF分子中不共面轭环上π轨道通过键的相互作用的研究

本文根据我们测定的C16H14SNF(1)和C16H16SNF(2)晶体结构数据,用MNDO2方法进行分子轨道研究,发现1和2的几何构型虽然相近,但其分子轨道中的原子轨道组成有着质的差异:在HOMO和临近HOMO的占据分子轨道中,2的两个苯环的π轨道彼此没有相互作用;1的两个夹角为80°的苯环的π轨道同时出现在一个分子轨道中,彼此通过C=N-键导通,显示出相互作用,与实验观察到的核磁共振谱一致.     

共价键中结合力的本质及其强度的定量表达方法: 键强参数的概念

建立A-B键中某价电子的键强参数的概念, 表达价分子轨道i上一人电子对A-B键中化学结合力的贡献。从理论上说明它是i-电子云对A及B核的"拉力"以及对其它电子的"推力"的"净效应"大小, 就CO, N2, O2说明其所反映的"成键性质"与UPS的实验数据相一致。就几个均匀环状化合物证明其有很好的"加和性"。多中心键的F1与其中"双中心"键的f1之和相等。其所反映的"成键"性质MO的对称性及电荷密度分布图的定性结论完全一致。表达式所反映的键强度与键长及"键电荷"的大小顺序相适应。     

稀土夹心化合物的SCF-X~α-SW研究 I: Cp~2Sm, Cp~2Yb 和Cp~3Sm

对Cp~2Sm、C~p~2Y~b和Cp~3Sm 进行了非相对论和相对论SCF-X~α-SW计算, 用轨道相互作用、分子轨道图形、布居数分析等方法讨论了化学键图象。在Cp~2Ln(Ln=稀土元素)中以Cp为主要成分的轨道能级两种方案结果变化不大。而相对论间接效应的存在, 使Ln4f能级明显升高, 与Cp~2Ln易被氧化的实验结果一致。二价的Cp~2Ln成键轨道中Ln成分是d>f>p>s, 与三价的Cp~3Sm、LnF~3比较, Ln的s、p、d成分变化不大, 而Lnf成分明显减少, 使Cp~2Ln共价性明显地低于Cp~3Sm和LF~3。     

Closed and open-shell atomic oxygen on silver: two distinct patterns of the O<Subscript>1s</Subscript> binding energy and X-ray absorption O <Emphasis Type="Italic">K</Emphasis>-edge spectra as revealed by density functional theory

The electronic structure of atomic oxygen adsorbed species is studied by means of the density functional theory in the context of the ethylene epoxidation on the silver surface. The adsorbed oxygen species are modeled by the Ag₂O molecule either in its closed (¹A₁) or open-shell states (³B₁ and ¹B₁). In both open-shell states the 1s level appears to be lower than that in ¹A₁ by about 2 eV. This is apparently a sequence of the separation of electron pair, occupying the *-type highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), decreasing the electron density at the oxygen center. Such variation of the O_1s level for closed and open-shell Ag₂O states seems to explain the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data concerning two distinct atomic oxygen species on silver surface having the O_1s binding energy of about 528 and 530 eV, called nucleophilic and electrophilic oxygen, respectively. The X-ray absorption O K-edge spectra (XANES) calculated for two types of the Ag₂O states by means of multiple-scattered-X-based approach appears to be in a qualitative agreement with those experimentally recorded for nucleophilic and electrophilic oxygen.     

平面型1,1-二锂代环丙烷比四面体型稳定的原因

在3-21G/Dunning基水平的量子化学"从头计算"基础上,绘制平面型1,1-二锂代环丙烷(PDCP)的A~1及B~2对称块中各分子轨道的波函数等值线图及PDCP和TDCP (四面体型)B~1和A~2对称块中各分子轨道示意图,并且求出PDCP及TDCP中各价电子i对于各种键A-B的f~i,A-B值.得到结论:由f~i,A-B所得定量结论与上述两种图形所得定性结论是完全一致的.再一次证明用f~i,A-B定量表达i价电子对A-B键中结合力贡献的合理性.把这些图与f~i,A-B数据结合起来分析,可和是结论:PDCP比TDCP稳定的主要原因在于前者的几何条件有利于A~1中σ-σ、B~2中σ-pscudo-π和B~1及A~2中π-π共轭效应的发生,使得PDCP中(C(1)-Li键远强于TDCP中的C(1)-Li键.     

用HAM/3法研究胞嘧啶及其甲基衍生物的光电子能谱与紫外光谱

本文用半经验SCF-MO-HAM/3方法计算了胞嘧啶和它的某些甲基衍生物的电离能、激发能和振子强度.指认了这些分子的紫外光电子能谱和紫外电子光谱.讨论了在紫外光电子能谱指认上与CNDO/S的不同之处.分析了胞嘧啶在磷酸三甲酯中可能存在的主要异构体形式.     

稠环芳烃系列化合物化学位移的计算 IV.^1H化学位移加合性规律的量子力学基础

Based on a starting point of the McWeeny Huckel-London perturbation theory approximation, a formula similar to the fourmula of additivity rule for the calculations of the chemical shifts of condensed aromatic hydrocarbons has been derived. The quantum mechanical basis of additivity rule is thus indicated by this formula. It is shown that by using the concept of aromatic shift and sigma ratio, this method for calculation of proton chemical shifts has the virtues of definite physical meaning and simple calculation. It can also be extended to the calculation of the proton chemical shifts of substituents fr the molecules of this series.