聚酰胺-胺树枝状高分子的柱色谱提纯研究

采用发散法合成了0.5～4.0代(G)聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树枝状高分子,通过薄层色谱分析产物组成,并进一步选用柱色谱法对半代产物进行了提纯与精制.用红外,核磁,高效液相色谱(HPLC)和热重分析等方法对提纯后产物进行了表征.结果表明,提纯得到的各PAMAM产物具有较完整的分子结构,小分子含量很少;且0.5GPAMAM产物HPLC测试纯度达到97.81%.     

Janus颗粒表面活性剂的研究进展

Janus颗粒（JPs）是一类新型的具有微米或纳米尺寸、2个半球具有不同化学特性的胶体粒子。 其中,两亲性JPs在其2个半球上分别表现出亲水和疏水的特性,作为一种新型表面活性剂受到广泛的关注。 本文综述了近几年来两亲性JPs的制备方法、表面活性理论、两亲性表征方法及其在乳液聚合中的应用,并探讨了今后的研究方向。     

POSS基树枝状大分子的合成与应用

树枝状大分子(dendrimer)是一种高度支化、纳米尺度的人工合成大分子,具有独特的物理化学性能和重要的应用前景。利用具有8个可官能化顶点的多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)作为树枝状大分子的核心,可在一定程度上简化树枝状大分子繁琐的合成与分离过程,在低代数时就可获得较大的表面官能团密度,并使树枝状分子呈现球形对称结构。POSS基树枝状大分子结合了POSS和树枝状分子结构与性能的优势,是一类极具潜力的有机-无机纳米杂化材料。本文综述了近年来POSS基树枝状大分子的最新研究成果,介绍了具有代表性的POSS基树枝状大分子的合成方法以及它们在催化剂、生物材料、液晶材料和发光材料等领域的应用研究进展,并对该新型材料的发展趋势做了展望。     

外围由小分子修饰的树枝状聚酰胺的合成及其荧光性能研究

合成了1－5代外围由小分子荧光体修饰的树枝状聚酰胺，通过红外，紫外，核磁等表征了其结构，并对其荧光性能进行了研究，修饰后的固体产物的荧光较修饰前粘稠体产物的荧光强得多，树枝状高分子荧光受组分比，代数，溶液浓度，溶剂等因素的影响，有机硅对树状高分子的端氨基与3，5二羟基苯甲酸按1／1摩尔比反应时，其产物荧光最强，对于端氨基与3，5－二羟基苯甲酸摩尔比为1／1的不同代树枝状聚酰胺而言，2代产物荧光最强。     

Silver Nanostructures on Graphene Oxide as the Substrate for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)

Nanosized surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates fabricated by the controlled growth of metal nanostructures on water-dispersed two-dimensional nanomaterials can open a new avenue for SERS analysis of liquid samples in biological fields. In this work, regular and uniform Ag nanostructures were grown on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) through a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were assembled on the surface of GO to form GO/PAMAM templates for growing Ag nanostructures, which are primarily comprised of Ag dimers and trimers. The prepared Ag/GO nanocomposites are highly dispersed and stable in aqueous solution and may be used as substrates for enhanced Raman detection of rhodamine 6?G (R6G) in aqueous solution. This special substrate provides high-performance SERS and suppresses R6G fluorescence in aqueous solution and is promising as a nanosized material for the enhanced Raman detection of liquid samples in biological diagnostics.     

Preparation and Properties of Poly（ether ether ketone）/Carbon Nanotube Modified Polypropylene Janus Composite Separator北大核心CSCD

Lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）have attracted wide attention because of their broad prospects in electric vehicles. However,the safety problems and low multiplier performance of the commercial polyolefin separator limit their further development,due to the poor dimensional thermal stability and low electrolyte absorption rate. Poly（ether ether ketone）（PEEK）and carbon nanotube（CNT）are compounded to coat on polypropylene （PP） to prepare Janus composite separator （PP@C） through the phase inversion method. PP@C composite separator does not deform at 180 ℃ for 0. 5 h（only slight deformation）,illustrating excellent thermal stability. The electrolyte absorption rate of PP@C2 is 193. 8%. The electrolyte uptake rate of the PP@C2 composite membrane was 193. 8%,which was 64. 5% higher than the PP membrane,showing a superduper electrolyte permeability. As a result,the specific discharge capacity of LIBs assembled with PP@C2 composite separator is 157. 6 mA·h/g at 0. 2 C and 129. 8 mA·h/g at 2 C,showing good rate performance with the capacity recovery rate of more than 99%. This might be attributed to the ultra-high thermal stability of PEEK,the good affinity of the electrolyte,the high conductivity of CNT,as well as the uniform dispersion of Li+ ,so that the separator can have excellent electrochemical performance while improving safety. © 2022, Science Press (China). All rights reserved.     

Dendronized Anionic Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis,Characterization, and Antiviral Activity

Anionic carbosilane dendrons decorated with sulfonate functions and one thiol moiety at the focal point have been used to synthesize water‐soluble gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through the direct reaction of dendrons, gold precursor, and reducing agent in water, and also through a place‐exchange reaction. These nanoparticles have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy, TEM, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV/Vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and zeta‐potential measurements. The interacting ability of the anionic sulfonate functions was investigated by EPR spectroscopy with copper(II) as a probe. Different structures and conformations of the AuNPs modulate the availability of sulfonate and thiol groups for complexation by copper(II). Toxicity assays of AuNPs showed that those produced through direct reaction were less toxic than those obtained by ligand exchange. Inhibition of HIV‐1 infection was higher in the case of dendronized AuNPs than in dendrons.     

Cylindrical polymer brushes

In recent years, research on cylindrical polymer brushes (or molecular bottlebrushes) has received significant attention. In this article, we discuss various strategies for their synthesis and the unique properties arising from their regular multibranched structure. Some recent advances in the application of cylindrical polymer brushes are highlighted. Amphiphilic core– shell cylindrical polymer brushes, for example, have been successfully used as single molecular templates for inorganic nanoparticle formation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 3461–3481, 2005